34 research outputs found
Electronic packaging - A bibliography
Annotated bibliography of literature on electronic packaging for use in designing electronic equipmen
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A Population-Based Study of Incidence and Survival of 1588 Thymic Malignancies: Results From the California Cancer Registry
BackgroundThymic malignancies are rare and there are limited contemporary population-based epidemiological studies for this uncommon cancer.Patients and methodsAdults aged 20 years and older diagnosed with thymic malignancies between 1988 and 2015 were identified from the California Cancer Registry (n = 1588). Trends in age-adjusted incidence rates were examined overall and according to race/ethnicity, and the proportion diagnosed according to stage was evaluated over time. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS), and Fine and Gray competing risks regression for cause-specific survival (CSS).ResultsAge-adjusted incidence increased on average 2.08% per year over the study period (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30%-2.86%; P < .0001), with an incidence of 0.277 cases per 100,000 in 2015. Incidence was highest among Asian/Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic black individuals. The proportion of unknown stage at diagnosis declined as localized diagnoses increased over time. Compared with patients with thymoma, those with thymic carcinoma had significantly worse OS (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.33-2.01; P < .0001) and CSS (subdistribution HR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.29-3.91; P < .0001). Advanced stage at diagnosis was also associated with worse survival. Surgical intervention was associated with better prognosis for patients with localized (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02-0.30; P = .0002) or regional disease (HR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.06-0.34; P < .0001).ConclusionThymic malignancy incidence is increasing in California. There was incidence variation across race/ethnicity, which warrants future study. These findings provide contemporary insight into the incidence and prognostic factors of thymic malignancies
Underutilization of brachytherapy and disparities in survival for patients with cervical cancer in California.
The treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is external beam radiation (EBRT), concurrent chemotherapy, and brachytherapy (BT). We investigated demographic and socioeconomic factors that influence trends in BT utilization and disparities in survival.Using the California Cancer Registry, cervical cancer patients FIGO IB2-IVA from 2004 to 2014 were identified. We collected tumor, demographic and socioeconomic (SES) factors. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of use of BT. Using Cox proportional hazards, we examined the impact of BT vs EBRT boost on cause specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS).We identified 4783 patients with FIGO stage 11% IB2; 32% II, 54% III, 3% IVA. Nearly half (45%) of patients were treated with BT, 18% were treated with a EBRT boost, and 37% had no boost. Stage II and III were more likely to be treated with BT (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0168) vs Stage IB2. As patients aged, the use of BT decreased. Using multivariate analysis, BT impacted CCS (HR 1.16, p = 0.0330) and OS (HR 1.14, p = 0.0333). Worse CSS was observed for black patients (p = 0.0002), low SES (p = 0.0263), stage III and IVA (p < 0.0001. Black patients, low and middle SES had worse OS, (p = 0.0003).The utilization of BT in locally advanced cervical cancer was low at 45%, with a decrease in CSS and OS. Black patients and those in low SES had worse CSS. As we strive for outcome improvement in cervical cancer, we need to target increasing access and disparities for quality and value
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Underutilization of brachytherapy and disparities in survival for patients with cervical cancer in California.
The treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is external beam radiation (EBRT), concurrent chemotherapy, and brachytherapy (BT). We investigated demographic and socioeconomic factors that influence trends in BT utilization and disparities in survival.Using the California Cancer Registry, cervical cancer patients FIGO IB2-IVA from 2004 to 2014 were identified. We collected tumor, demographic and socioeconomic (SES) factors. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of use of BT. Using Cox proportional hazards, we examined the impact of BT vs EBRT boost on cause specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS).We identified 4783 patients with FIGO stage 11% IB2; 32% II, 54% III, 3% IVA. Nearly half (45%) of patients were treated with BT, 18% were treated with a EBRT boost, and 37% had no boost. Stage II and III were more likely to be treated with BT (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0168) vs Stage IB2. As patients aged, the use of BT decreased. Using multivariate analysis, BT impacted CCS (HR 1.16, p = 0.0330) and OS (HR 1.14, p = 0.0333). Worse CSS was observed for black patients (p = 0.0002), low SES (p = 0.0263), stage III and IVA (p < 0.0001. Black patients, low and middle SES had worse OS, (p = 0.0003).The utilization of BT in locally advanced cervical cancer was low at 45%, with a decrease in CSS and OS. Black patients and those in low SES had worse CSS. As we strive for outcome improvement in cervical cancer, we need to target increasing access and disparities for quality and value