Prevalência da presença de terceiros molares numa população em tratamento ortodôntico

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas MonizIntrodução: Os terceiros molares apresentam elevada taxa de alterações de desenvolvimento. A extracção destes dentes é uma das cirurgias mais praticadas em cirurgia oral e maxilofacial. A literatura revela diversas interacções entre os terceiros molares e a Ortodontia. A questão de saber se, e quando extrair os terceiros molares tem sido um tema controverso entre os profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Os objectivos deste estudo foram analisar a correlação entre vários aspectos do terceiro molar em relação ao tratamento ortodôntico e fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre o papel destes no apinhamento dos dentes anteriores. Materiais e métodos: Foram analisados 172 histórias clínicas de ortodontia. Recolheram-se dados referentes aos terceiros molares (presença e agenésia, inclusão, frequência de extração) e classe esquelética dos pacientes. Resultados e Conclusões: A nossa amostra contemplou maioritariamente indivíduos do sexo feminino (72%) e com média de idade de 25.1 anos. Observámos uma alta frequência de presença dos terceiros molares, apenas 9.9% apresentaram agenésia. A frequência de extracção dos terceiros molares representou 48.3% no total da amostra. Em relação à inclusão verificámos que 34.9% dos indivíduos apresentavam os sisos inclusos, havendo uma maior prevalência nos terceiros molares mandibulares e 28.2% destes foram indicados para extracção. No nosso estudo não observámos diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a inclusão dos terceiros molares e classe esquelética (p>0.05). A extracção destes dentes nos últimos cinco anos demonstrou ser relativamente constante não havendo diferenças significativas (p>0.05)

Estudio epidemiológico de salud oral en un grupo de niños árabes refugiados, alojados en el Centro de Estancia Temporal para Inmigrantes de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, España

[ES]Los problemas socioeconómicos y políticos de diferenes países en desarrollo han producido un fenómeno migratorio importante, lo cual representa un reto sanitario para los países que reciben a las poblaciones migrantes. Los niños y jóvenes constituyen el grupo más numeroso en un gran número de grupos de refugiados. En el sistema de salud, las enfermedades bucales son una de las causas más frecuentes de consulta de los migrantes en los países receptores. Se tiene poca información sobre el estado de salud bucal de población refugiada en la Ciudad de Mellilla, España. Objetivo: Identificar el estado de la cavidad bucal de un grupo de migrantes de un a 17 años de edad alojados en el Centro de Estancia Temporal de Inmigrantes (CETI) de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla (España), quienes se encuentran en riesgo de exclusión social dada su condición de refugiados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte tranversal en población infantil y adolescentes que se encontraba alojada en CETI de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla (España), Se utilizaron los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para la recolección de información sobre el estado de la cavidad bucal del grupo de estudio. Todos los niños y adolescentes que se encontraban en el CETI fueron observados por un solo examinador, que realizó la revisión de la cavidad bucal. Resultados: Se examinó un total de 198 niños. Se identificó que la mayoría de los niños eran de origen sirio (86.9%). El promedio de edad fue de 7.7 (±4.1), el 57.6% eran del sexo masculino. En los niños menores de 6 años el promedio del índice de caries fue cod = 6.4 (±6.3), en el grupo de 6 a 11 fue de 7.5 (±4.8), considerando tanto la dentición temporal como la permanente y en el grupo de 12 a 17 de índice CAOD fue 4.7 (±4.0). El 50.6% de los niños de 6 a 11 años requerían extracciones y en niños menores de seis años este porcentaje fue de 36.8%. El análisis del índice periodontico comunitario (CPI) del grupo examinado mostró una alta prevalencia de sextantes donde se presentó hemorragia durante el sondeo periodontal (media 3.9 (±2.5)). Conclusiones: Los índices de caries fueron elevados en los niños migrantes estudiados, las necesidades de atención restauradora y de extracciones fueron altas y en los grupos de mayor edad se presentaron problemas periodontales. Es importante tomar en cuenta el estado de la cavidad bucal de los niños refugiados a fin de diseñar programas de intervención que mejoren su salud bucal y proporcionar actividades de educación para la salud que favorezca la prevención de enfermedades bucales en este grupo en alta de vulnerabilidad.[EN]The socioeconomic and political problems of several developing countries have produced an important migratory phenomenon, which presents a health challenge for the countries that receive the migrant populations. Children and teenagers frequently constitute the largest age group of migrants. In the health system, oral diseases are one of the most frequent causes of consultation of migrants in the receiving countries. There is little information about the state of health of refugees in the City of Melilla. Objective: To identify the state of the oral cavity of a group of migrants aged one to 17 years housed in the Center for Temporary Stay of Immigrants (CETI) of the Autonomous City of Melilla (Spain), who are at risk of social exclusion given their refugee status. Methods: A crosssectional study was carried out in children and adolescents that was housed in CETI of the Autonomous City of Melilla (Spain). The criteria of the World Health Organization were used to collect information on the state of the oral cavity of the study group. All the children and adolescents in the CETI were observed by a single examiner, who performed the evaluation of the oral cavity. Results: A total of 198 children were examined. It was identified that the majority of children were of Syrian origin (86.9%). The average age was 7.7 (± 4.1), 57.6% were male. In children under 6 years, the average caries index was dft =6.4 (± 6.3), in the group of 6 to 11 it was 7.5 (± 4.8), considering both the temporary and permanent dentition and in the group of 12 to 17 of the DMFT index was 4.7 (± 4.0). 50.6% of children aged 6 to 11 years required extractions and in children under six years of age this percentage was 36.8%. The analysis of the community periodontal index (CPI) of the group examined showed a high prevalence of sextants where bleeding occurred during the periodontal probing (mean 3.9 (± 2.5)). Conclusions: Caries indices were high in the migrant children studied. The needs for restorative care and extractions were also high and in the older age groups there were periodontal problems. It is important to take into account the oral cavity status of refugee children in order to design intervention programs that improve their oral health and provide health education activities that favor the prevention of oral diseases in this group at risk of vulnerability

Children’s oral health on Pico Island, Azores (Portugal)

Communication abstract: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of CiiEM - Reducing inequalities in Health and Society, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from June 16th to 18th, 2021.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Pediatric dentistry focuses on children’s oral health. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of malocclusion in a pediatric population. Eighty-two children (3–12 years old), of both genders, who belong to a Social Solidarity Institution for Children in Pico Island were clinically examined. Half were female and half were male, in which most were 7 years old (20.7%) with mixed dentition (58.5%). The highest prevalence was in canine class I and vertical molar. Most children did not have malocclusion characteristics (56.1%).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mouth breathing and atypical swallowing in adult orthodontic patients at Egas Moniz Dental Clinic: a pilot study

Communication abstract: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of CiiEM - Reducing inequalities in Health and Society, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from June 16th to 18th, 2021.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: Mouth breathing and atypical swallowing are myofunctional problems, emerging as a pathological adaptation. This exploratory study was aimed to investigate the possible relation between breathing and swallowing patterns in adults. Methods: A total of 58 patients referred to the Orthodontic Department at Egas Moniz Dental Clinic were enrolled. Results: Atypical swallowing was more prevalent in women (78.0%) than in men (47.1%). A significantly higher proportion of patients exhibiting both mouth breathing and atypical swallowing were identified (46.6%). Swallowing pattern was found to be significantly associated with gender and breathing pattern.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Oral complications of chemotherapy on paediatric patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Communication abstract: Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of CiiEM - Reducing inequalities in Health and Society, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from June 16th to 18th, 2021.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The goal of cancer treatment is to fight and/or control cancer. The aim of this study was to review and meta-analyse the incidence of main oral complications in paediatric oncology during chemotherapy. The search results were obtained from B-on, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases. Of 1032 articles potentially relevant, 13 were included in this review. The overall incidence of caries, gingivitis, ulcers, mucositis, and candidiasis was 67.8%, 55.6%, 44.2%, 41.6%, and, 29.5%, respectively. During chemotherapy, paediatric patients with cancer present higher incidence of caries and gingivitis. Incidence rate meta-analysis show high heterogeneity. More studies should be done to reduce uncertainty.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Vital pulp therapy in a 9-years-old patient : a clinical case

Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

From the Orthodontic Smile to the Perfect Smile: A New Categorization

The facial symmetry from an esthetic standpoint is crucial. However, there are not much research that examine the malocclusion issue or the significance of the mouth and smile in the mental representation of the face. In this study, 151 kids and teenagers, both genders, aged 8 to 24, were asked to sketch two self-portraits of their mouths or smiles—before (and during) the usage of the orthodontic appliance. Participants seek therapy mostly for functional problems rather than cosmetic ones. The findings of this study provide insight into the significance of the mouth and smile for an individual’s sense of self and psychological well, where the maximization of the mental representation of the orthodontic smile emerges as a new categorization of the perfect smile

The Impact of Incisor Molar Hypomineralisation in a Paediatric Population

Incisor Molar Hypomineralisation (IMH) is a qualitative alteration affecting one or more first permanent molars (FMPs) with the possible involvement of the permanent incisors, and is associated with several dental complications. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of IMH on the quality of life (QoL) of children/adolescents. A total of 56 children attending the Egas MonizDental Clinic (EMDC) were enrolled, 27 females and 29 males, and the most common age was 11 years. Most of them had a mild or moderate degree of IMH. The impact of IMH on the children’s quality of life was not significant

Evaluation of the Morphology of Palatal Rugae in Portuguese Subjects

Palatal Rugae (PR) are disproportionate bilateral protuberances of connective tissue found on each side of the medpalatine raphe posterior to the incisive papilla. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern and sexual dimorphism of PR. The prevalence and pattern of PR of 120 Portuguese individuals attending the Orthodontic Clinic of Egas Moniz were categorized. The sample comprised 44.2% males and 55.8% females with similar PR frequencies among sex and age. The total number PR was 624. Straight and wavy PR morphologies were the most frequently observed. There was no sexual dimorphism related to the PR pattern

From the orthodontic smile to the new smile: a new categorization

This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The facial symmetry from an esthetic standpoint is crucial. However, there are not much research that examine the malocclusion issue or the significance of the mouth and smile in the mental representation of the face. In this study, 151 kids and teenagers, both genders, aged 8 to 24, were asked to sketch two self-portraits of their mouths or smiles—before (and during) the usage of the orthodontic appliance. Participants seek therapy mostly for functional problems rather than cosmetic ones. The findings of this study provide insight into the significance of the mouth and smile for an individual’s sense of self and psychological well, where the maximization of the mental representation of the orthodontic smile emerges as a new categorization of the perfect smile.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio