Influence of Foliar Nutrition of Selenium on Phytochelatines Content in the Forage of Red Clover (\u3cem\u3eTrifolium pratense \u3c/em\u3eL.)

Selenium (Se) is an essential element significantly influencing health status of animals and humans. The insufficient supply of organism with this element leads to many disorders. Conversely, higher intake can be toxic. As a part of selenoproteins, it regulates the antioxidant system and thus prevents the oxidative destruction of biological membranes and prevents the damage of the body by heavy metals. Consequently, its deficiency disrupts the overall health of animals and humans because of involvement of selenium compounds in many biological functions. Selenium concentration of plant biomass is derived from its content in the soil and may considerably vary depending on the region. One of the defense mechanisms how plants respond to the occurrence of heavy metals is the synthesis of phytochelatins. Phytochelatins (PCs) are polypeptides capable of binding the risk elements in chelate complexes. Their synthesis does not take place in ribosomes but using the phytochelatinsynthetasy enzyme. After binding of the heavy metals in chelate complexes, they are transported to the vacuoles, thereby preventing the toxic effect of metals in the cytosol. According to some authors, the synthesis of phytochelatines initiates not only the presence of heavy metals (most often cadmium) but also selenium. Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is considered as one of the most important crops. It is a perennial herb (2-4 years). As the fodder is usually grown in a pure culture or in the combination with grass or in a mixture. Forage contains a high proportion of protein and vitamins. It is fed on pasture or used to produce hay or silage

Contribution of red wine consumption to human health protection

Wine consumption has been popular worldwide for many centuries. Based on in vitro and in vivo studies, a certain amount of everyday wine consumption may prevent various chronic diseases. This is due, in part, to the presence and amount of important antioxidants in red wine, and, therefore, research has focused on them. Wine polyphenols, especially resveratrol, anthocyanins, and catechins, are the most effective wine antioxidants. Resveratrol is active in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases by neutralizing free oxygen radicals and reactive nitrogenous radicals; it penetrates the blood-brain barrier and, thus, protects the brain and nerve cells. It also reduces platelet aggregation and so counteracts the formation of blood clots or thrombi. The main aim of this review is to summarize the current findings about the positive influence of wine consumption on human organ function, chronic diseases, and the reduction of damage to the cardiovascular system. © 2018 by the authors.[DG16P02R017

OPTIMIZATION OF NUCLEIC ACID BINDING TO MAGNETIC PARTICLES WITH THE AIM OF DETECTION OF DANGEROUS VIRUSES

African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is a DNA virus of the Asfivirus genus of the Asfarviridae family that is found in blood, body fluids, and internal organs. ASFV was described more than 40 years ago. This virus spreads pandemically and the mortality rate of the virus-related disease ranges from 90 to 100 %. The aim of this study was to propose the detection of specific nucleic acid of ASFV using electrochemical hybridization biosensor. Determination of DNA was conducted by AdTSV DPV a CV (potential 0 V, end potential -1.8 V, step potential 5 mV, modulation amplitude 25 mV, 0.2 M acetate buffer pH 5.0). The volume of analysed sample was 10 mu L. CV signals CA (log -0.0373x, r 0.99, Ep -1.30 V) and P peak (log -0.0801x, r 0.99, Ep -1.52 V) were observed. To increase the sensitivity, a modification of ODN with CdTe was proposed. The CdTe signal was observed around the potential of -0.56 V and for modified ODNs the signal was -0.58 V. SPION were prepared to capture DNA. The interaction of DNA (PCR fragment, 280 bp) with SPION was very fast within 30 s. The technique will be further used for a microfluidic system

Complexes of Silver(I) Ions and Silver Phosphate Nanoparticles with Hyaluronic Acid and/or Chitosan as Promising Antimicrobial Agents for Vascular Grafts

Polymers are currently widely used to replace a variety of natural materials with respect to their favourable physical and chemical properties, and due to their economic advantage. One of the most important branches of application of polymers is the production of different products for medical use. In this case, it is necessary to face a significant disadvantage of polymer products due to possible and very common colonization of the surface by various microorganisms that can pose a potential danger to the patient. One of the possible solutions is to prepare polymer with antibacterial/antimicrobial properties that is resistant to bacterial colonization. The aim of this study was to contribute to the development of antimicrobial polymeric material ideal for covering vascular implants with subsequent use in transplant surgery. Therefore, the complexes of polymeric substances (hyaluronic acid and chitosan) with silver nitrate or silver phosphate nanoparticles were created, and their effects on gram-positive bacterial culture of Staphylococcus aureus were monitored. Stages of formation of complexes of silver nitrate and silver phosphate nanoparticles with polymeric compounds were characterized using electrochemical and spectrophotometric methods. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of complexes was determined using the methods of determination of growth curves and zones of inhibition. The results of this study revealed that the complex of chitosan, with silver phosphate nanoparticles, was the most suitable in order to have an antibacterial effect on bacterial culture of Staphylococcus aureus. Formation of this complex was under way at low concentrations of chitosan. The results of electrochemical determination corresponded with the results of spectrophotometric methods and verified good interaction and formation of the complex. The complex has an outstanding antibacterial effect and this effect was of several orders higher compared to other investigated complexes

Modification of Working Electrode Surface with Carbon Nanotubes as an Electrochemical Sensor for Estimation of Melting Points of DNA

Screen-printed with three electrode system was used in this study. A working electrode has been printed from carbon nanotubes based paste on silver layer modified with nano-patterned structures for the first case. In the second case, vertically aligned carbonnanotubes were grown on the Au working electrode. The process of the nanotubes growing was tested to create homogenous and high density carbon nanotubes layer directly on the thick-film silver layer. Based on the characterization of electrodes, we used Au based for detection of nucleic acids. Moreover, we were able to estimated melting points of DNA. © 2009