Endophytic fungi from the roots of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and their interactions with the defensive metabolites of the glucosinolate myrosinase – isothiocyanate system

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The relationship of anger expression to health problems among black americans in a national survey

This study examined the relationship between anger expression, other psychosocial measures, and health problems in a nationally representative, cross-sectional sample of 1277 black adults. Subjects indicating a high level of outwardly expressed anger during a period in which they experienced a severe personal problem had a significantly higher number of health problems than their counterparts who expressed low and moderate levels of anger. Anger expression also significantly interacted with a measure of life strain (employment status) to predict health problems. Blacks who were unemployed were more likely to have a higher number of health problems if anger was expressed outwardly at a high level. The relationship was found to be independent of age, gender, urbanicity, smoking, and drinking problems. The overall pattern of the findings suggests that blacks who are at increased risk for health problems may be identified by how often anger is experienced and expressed during periods of emotional distress.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44809/1/10865_2004_Article_BF00846419.pd

Accumulation of Ag(I) by <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> Cells Expressing Plant Metallothioneins

The various applications of Ag(I) generated the necessity to obtain Ag(I)-accumulating organisms for the removal of surplus Ag(I) from contaminated sites or for the concentration of Ag(I) from Ag(I)-poor environments. In this study we obtained Ag(I)-accumulating cells by expressing plant metallothioneins (MTs) in the model Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cDNAs of seven Arabidopsis thaliana MTs (AtMT1a, AtMT1c, AtMT2a, AtMT2b, AtMT3, AtMT4a and AtMT4b) and four Noccaea caerulescens MTs (NcMT1, NcMT2a, NcMT2b and NcMT3) fused to myrGFP displaying an N-terminal myristoylation sequence for plasma membrane targeting were expressed in S. cerevisiae and checked for Ag(I)-related phenotype. The transgenic yeast cells were grown in copper-deficient media to ensure the expression of the plasma membrane high-affinity Cu(I) transporter Ctr1, and also to elude the copper-related inhibition of Ag(I) transport into the cell. All plant MTs expressed in S. cerevisiae conferred Ag(I) tolerance to the yeast cells. Among them, myrGFP-NcMT3 afforded Ag(I) accumulation under high concentration (10&#8315;50 &#956;M), while myrGFP-AtMT1a conferred increased accumulation capacity under low (1 &#956;M) or even trace Ag(I) (0.02&#8315;0.05 &#956;M). The ability to tolerate high concentrations of Ag(I) coupled with accumulative characteristics and robust growth showed by some of the transgenic yeasts highlighted the potential of these strains for biotechnology applications

Accumulation of (Ag(I) by Saccharomyces cereviseae cells expressing plant metallothioneins

The various applications of Ag(I) generated the necessity to obtain Ag(I)-accumulating organisms for the removal of surplus Ag(I) from contaminated sites or for the concentration of Ag(I) from Ag(I)-poor environments. In this study we obtained Ag(I)-accumulating cells by expressing plant metallothioneins (MTs) in the model Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cDNAs of seven Arabidopsis thaliana MTs (AtMT1a, AtMT1c, AtMT2a, AtMT2b, AtMT3, AtMT4a and AtMT4b) and four Noccaea caerulescens MTs (NcMT1, NcMT2a, NcMT2b and NcMT3) fused to myrGFP displaying an Nterminal myristoylation sequence for plasma membrane targeting were expressed in S. cerevisiae and checked for Ag(I)-related phenotype. The transgenic yeast cells were grown in copper-deficient media to ensure the expression of the plasma membrane high-affinity Cu(I) transporter Ctr1, and also to elude the copper-related inhibition of Ag(I) transport into the cell. All plant MTs expressed in S. cerevisiae conferred Ag(I) tolerance to the yeast cells. Among them, myrGFP-NcMT3 afforded Ag(I) accumulation under high concentration (10–50 μM), while myrGFP-AtMT1a conferred increased accumulation capacity under low (1 μM) or even trace Ag(I) (0.02–0.05 μM). The ability to tolerate high concentrations of Ag(I) coupled with accumulative characteristics and robust growth showed by some of the transgenic yeasts highlighted the potential of these strains for biotechnology applications