Preclinical antitumor activity of the diindolylmethane formulation in xenograft mouse model of prostate cancer

Aim: Preclinical study of the specific anticancer pharmacological activity of the formulation containing active substance 3,3ʹ-diindolylmethane (DIM), cod liver oil, polysorbate 80 and α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E), in vivo in a xenograft animal model of LNCaP. Materials and Methods: The DIM, cod liver oil, polysorbate 80 and α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) formulation was intragastrically administered to BALB/c-nude (nu/nu) mice during 33 days post inoculation at the dose of 133 mg/kg/day. Antitumor activity of the test drug was estimated by the rate of tumor growth inhibition (T/C% — treated versus control), dividing the tumor volumes from treatment groups with the control groups. Results: Statistically significant tumor xenograft regressions have been shown in group which received the DIM, cod liver oil, polysorbate 80 and α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) on the 37th day of observation post inoculation. The highest antitumor activity was achieved on the 39th day (T/C = 16,8%). Therapeutic effect lasts for 6 days after the end of therapy period. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate inhibitory effect of the formulation on tumor development in the xenograft animal model due to the tumor growth rate reduction. Key Words: 3,3´-diindolylmethane, bioavailability, anticancer activity, xenograft model, LNCaP cell line, preclinical studies

ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К РАЗРАБОТКЕ ПРОТИВОТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНЫХ ВАКЦИН

This review is focused on recent advances in development of new vaccines for the prevention of tuberculosis. The main reasons for lack of BCG vaccine efficacy in different populations and geographic regions are presented. Design of new vaccines based on live modified strains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, attenuated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, recombinant proteins and viral vectors is considered in the specific examples. The usage of the heterologous «prime-boost» vaccination strategy against tuberculosis is discussed. В обзоре освещены современные достижения в области разработки новых вакцин для профилактики туберкулеза. Представлены основные причины недостаточной эффективности вакцины БЦЖ в различных популяциях и географических регионах. На конкретных примерах рассмотрены направления дизайна новых вакцин на основе живых модифицированных штаммов Mycobacterium bovis БЦЖ, аттенуированных штаммов Mycobacterium tuberculosis, рекомбинантных белков и вирусных векторов. Обсуждается перспектива применения схемы гетерологичной «prime-boost» вакцинации против туберкулеза.

Effect of the Surface on the Electron Quantum Size Levels and Electron g-Factor in Spherical Semiconductor Nanocrystals

The structure of the electron quantum size levels in spherical nanocrystals is studied in the framework of an eight--band effective mass model at zero and weak magnetic fields. The effect of the nanocrystal surface is modeled through the boundary condition imposed on the envelope wave function at the surface. We show that the spin--orbit splitting of the valence band leads to the surface--induced spin--orbit splitting of the excited conduction band states and to the additional surface--induced magnetic moment for electrons in bare nanocrystals. This additional magnetic moment manifests itself in a nonzero surface contribution to the linear Zeeman splitting of all quantum size energy levels including the ground 1S electron state. The fitting of the size dependence of the ground state electron g factor in CdSe nanocrystals has allowed us to determine the appropriate surface parameter of the boundary conditions. The structure of the excited electron states is considered in the limits of weak and strong magnetic fields.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Measurement of RudsR_{\text{uds}} and RR between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV at the KEDR detector

Using the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M $e^+e^-$ collider, we have measured the values of $R_{\text{uds}}$ and $R$ at seven points of the center-of-mass energy between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV. The total achieved accuracy is about or better than $3.3\%$ at most of energy points with a systematic uncertainty of about $2.1\%$. At the moment it is the most accurate measurement of $R(s)$ in this energy range

New precise determination of the \tau lepton mass at KEDR detector

The status of the experiment on the precise $\tau$ lepton mass measurement running at the VEPP-4M collider with the KEDR detector is reported. The mass value is evaluated from the $\tau^+\tau^-$ cross section behaviour around the production threshold. The preliminary result based on 6.7 pb$^{-1}$ of data is $m_{\tau}=1776.80^{+0.25}_{-0.23} \pm 0.15$ MeV. Using 0.8 pb$^{-1}$ of data collected at the $\psi'$ peak the preliminary result is also obtained: $\Gamma_{ee}B_{\tau\tau}(\psi') = 7.2 \pm 2.1$ eV.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures; The 9th International Workshop on Tau-Lepton Physics, Tau0

Measurement of \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->e^+e^-) and \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->\mu^+\mu^-)

The products of the electron width of the J/\psi meson and the branching fraction of its decays to the lepton pairs were measured using data from the KEDR experiment at the VEPP-4M electron-positron collider. The results are \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->e^+e^-)=(0.3323\pm0.0064\pm0.0048) keV, \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->\mu^+\mu^-)=(0.3318\pm0.0052\pm0.0063) keV. Their combinations \Gamma_{ee}\times(\Gamma_{ee}+\Gamma_{\mu\mu})/\Gamma=(0.6641\pm0.0082\pm0.0100) keV, \Gamma_{ee}/\Gamma_{\mu\mu}=1.002\pm0.021\pm0.013 can be used to improve theaccuracy of the leptonic and full widths and test leptonic universality. Assuming e\mu universality and using the world average value of the lepton branching fraction, we also determine the leptonic \Gamma_{ll}=5.59\pm0.12 keV and total \Gamma=94.1\pm2.7 keV widths of the J/\psi meson.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Search for narrow resonances in e+ e- annihilation between 1.85 and 3.1 GeV with the KEDR Detector

We report results of a search for narrow resonances in e+ e- annihilation at center-of-mass energies between 1.85 and 3.1 GeV performed with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e+ e- collider. The upper limit on the leptonic width of a narrow resonance Gamma(R -> ee) Br(R -> hadr) < 120 eV has been obtained (at 90 % C.L.)

Measurement of main parameters of the \psi(2S) resonance

A high-precision determination of the main parameters of the \psi(2S) resonance has been performed with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e^{+}e^{-} collider in three scans of the \psi(2S) -- \psi(3770) energy range. Fitting the energy dependence of the multihadron cross section in the vicinity of the \psi(2S) we obtained the mass value M = 3686.114 +- 0.007 +- 0.011 ^{+0.002}_{-0.012} MeV and the product of the electron partial width by the branching fraction into hadrons \Gamma_{ee}*B_{h} = 2.233 +- 0.015 +- 0.037 +- 0.020 keV. The third error quoted is an estimate of the model dependence of the result due to assumptions on the interference effects in the cross section of the single-photon e^{+}e^{-} annihilation to hadrons explicitly considered in this work. Implicitly, the same assumptions were employed to obtain the charmonium leptonic width and the absolute branching fractions in many experiments. Using the result presented and the world average values of the electron and hadron branching fractions, one obtains the electron partial width and the total width of the \psi(2S): \Gamma_{ee} =2.282 +- 0.015 +- 0.038 +- 0.021 keV, \Gamma = 296 +- 2 +- 8 +- 3 keV. These results are consistent with and more than two times more precise than any of the previous experiments

New precision measurement of the J/ψJ/\psi- and ψ′\psi' -meson masses

A new high precision measurement of the $J/\psi$- and $\psi'$-meson masses has been performed at the VEPP-4M collider using the KEDR detector. The resonant depolarization method has been employed for the absolute calibration of the beam energy. The following mass values have been obtained: $M_{J/\psi} = 3096.917 \pm 0.010 \pm 0.007$ MeV, $M_{\psi'} = 3686.111 \pm 0.025 \pm 0.009$ MeV. The relative measurement accuracy has reached $4. 10^{-6}$ for $J/\psi$ and $7. 10^{-6}$ for $\psi'$, approximately 3 times better than in the previous precise experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 4 tables, 10 figure