A desjudicialização de conflitos civis e o papel do tabelião no acesso à justiça : o caso especial da desjudicialização da execução

A sobrecarga do Poder Judiciário no Brasil é um fato notório, sendo, ainda, uma questão que afeta a efetividade da prestação jurisdicional. Por isso, tanto o Poder Legislativo, quanto o Poder Judiciário têm buscado novas alternativas para resolver o problema do excesso de demandas entre particulares. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e análise de legislação, demonstrar como os tabelionatos contribuem para a desjudicialização e, consequentemente, para o acesso à justiça. A partir de uma revisão da evolução legislativa, conclui-se que, atualmente, no âmbito do Direito Privado, o tabelião contribui para o acesso à justiça de diversas formas: presta assessoria jurídica, formaliza negócios jurídicos, produz prova, realiza mediação e conciliação, etc. Sobretudo, exerce importante função preventiva de conflitos. Um objetivo secundário do estudo é avaliar uma perspectiva para o futuro: a possibilidade da desjudicialização da execução civil de títulos judiciais e extrajudiciais no âmbito dos tabelionatos de protestos de títulos. Aqui, analisa-se o Projeto de Lei nº 6.204/2019, que pretende atribuir ao tabelião de protestos a função de agente de execução. São apontados alguns pontos problemáticos no projeto, tanto de ordem processual, quanto pela própria delegação ao tabelião de protestos, pois esta contraria princípios básicos do notariado de tipo latino. Aponta-se, enfim, que a entrada em vigor desse modelo desjudicializado pode não contribuir de fato para a questão da sobrecarga judiciária no que tange às execuções forçadas, pois falha em não atacar as raízes do problema: a ausência de consenso entre as partes, a oposição de embargos e impugnações pelo executado e, principalmente, a dificuldade de se localizar bens do devedor.The overload of the Judiciary is a well-known fact in Brazil, and it is also an issue that affects the effectiveness of judicial provision. Thus, both the Legislative and the Judicial branches have been searching for new alternatives to solve the problem of excessive disputes among private individuals. In this context, through bibliographic review and legislation analysis, this paper aims at demonstrating how notary publics contribute to dejudicialization, and, consequently, to access to justice. Through a legislative evolution review, we conclude that, currently, in the private law scope, notaries contribute to access to justice in several ways: they provide legal consulting, formalize legal transactions, produce evidence, conduct mediation and conciliation, etc. Mainly, notaries exert an important conflict prevention role. A secondary goal of this study is to assess a future prospect: the possibility of outsourcing the civil execution procedures to notary publics. For that we examine the Bill of Law n. 6.204/2019, which aims at assigning notary publics the role of an execution agent. We point out a few problematic issues in the bill, both procedural and principiological, since the assignment of such a role contradicts fundamental principles of the Latin type notarial system. Finally, we suggest that the approval of this bill might not actually contribute against the issue of the judicial overload, since it fails to tackle the problem’s roots: the disagreement among the parties involved, the filing of appeals by the executed party and, above all, the difficulty of locating the indebted person’s assets

Deficiency of annexins A5 and A6 induces complex changes in the transcriptome of growth plate cartilage but does not inhibit the induction of mineralization

Initiation of mineralization during endochondral ossification is a multistep process and has been assumed to correlate with specific interactions of annexins A5 and A6 and collagens. However, skeletal development appears to be normal in mice deficient for either A5 or A6, and the highly conserved structures led to the assumption that A5 and A6 may fulfill redundant functions. We have now generated mice deficient of both proteins. These mice were viable and fertile and showed no obvious abnormalities. Assessment of skeletal elements using histologic, ultrastructural, and peripheral quantitative computed tomographic methods revealed that mineralization and development of the skeleton were not significantly affected in mutant mice. Otherwise, global gene expression analysis showed subtle changes at the transcriptome level of genes involved in cell growth and intermediate metabolism. These results indicate that annexins A5 and A6 may not represent the essential annexins that promote mineralization in vivo

Building in Quatar - Field excursion of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the HTWG Konstanz

Die große Exkursion 2010 der Fakultät Bauingenieurwesen führte in das Emirat Qatar am persischen Golf. Qatar verfügt über 15% der weltweiten Reserven anErdgas und investiert u.a. in Infrastruktur- und Bau¬maßnahmen. Deutsche Firmen sind an diesem Aufbau beteiligt. Bei der Exkursion wurden verschiedene Hoch- und Tiefbaustellen, „Mega-Projekte“ deutscher Unternehmen, aber auch eines arabischen Baukonzerns besucht. Auch das Ausstellungszentrum der Deutschen Bahn stand auf dem Programm. Der Bericht gibt die Eindrücke beim Besuch der Projekte wie auch die Reiseerlebnisse wieder.The student excursion of the University of Applied Sciences, Konstanz, Germany, lead to the Emirat of Qatar at the Persian Gulf. The country possesses 15% of the reserves of natural gas and is investing in building and infrastructures measures. German companies are part of this development. During the excursion different structural sites of “mega-projects” of German and Arabic Companies as well as the exposition Center of the “Deutsche Bahn” have been visited

Nucleus accumbens activation is linked to salience in social decision making

Aberrant salience may explain hasty decision making and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. In healthy individuals, final decisions in probabilistic reasoning tasks are related to Nucleus accumbens (Nacc) activation. However, research investigating the Nacc in social decision making is missing. Our study aimed at investigating the role of the Nacc for social decision making and its link to (aberrant) salience attribution. 47 healthy individuals completed a novel social jumping-to-conclusion (JTC) fMRI-paradigm, showing morphed faces simultaneously expressing fear and happiness. Participants decided on the 'current' emotion after each picture, and on the 'general' emotion of series of faces. Nacc activation was stronger during final decisions than in previous trials without a decision, particularly in fear rather than happiness series. A JTC-bias was associated with higher Nacc activation for last fearful, but not last happy faces. Apparently, mechanisms underlying probabilistic reasoning are also relevant for social decision making. The pattern of Nacc activation suggests salience, not reward, drives the final decision. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that aberrant salience might also explain social-cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.publishe