Greene Gardens

The case describes the 2006 E. coli outbreak in the California spinach industry. The case unfolds over a period of about one month, with four separate eventful days described in detail. At the end of the narrative for each day, the reader is asked to decide how he or she would respond to the events and justify his or her decision.business ethics, communication, crisis management, spinach, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession, Q10, Q13,

Effects of Applied Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Native Grasslands in the Northern Great Plains

The majority of the grazing lands in the Northern Great Plains are native grasslands. In some areas profits derived from these grasslands may best be increased by complete renovation and reseeding. However, many of these grasslands can be improved by practices such as deferred grazing, interseedings, rotational grazing and fertilization. This study involves the evaluation of one of these practices, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. It is a study that is to provide basic information which can be used to determi.ne the economic feasibility of grassland fertilization. The purpose of this study was (1) to determine whether significant yield increases could be obtained from nitrogen fertilizer application on native grassland in the Northern Great Plains climate, (2) to determine the extent to which residual nitrogen increases yields in succeeding growing seasons, (3) to determine whether the application of a light rate of phosphorus could produce significant yield increases in soils that are very low in soil test phosphorus levels, (4) to determine the effects of date of nitrogen application on yield and ·(5) to determine the effects of various nitrogen and phosphorus levels and the effects of varying dates of nitrogen application on the content of protein phosphorus, calcium, magnesium: sulfur, potassium, and nitrates in the forage

Foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia 2001-2009

BACKGROUND: Analysis of surveillance data from foodborne disease outbreaks can help identify high-risk aetiological agents, food vehicles and settings. This information may help prevent future illness by informing the development of public health policy

High Rate of Obesity-Associated Hypertension among Primary Schoolchildren in Sudan

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently has roots in childhood, including following childhood-onset hypertension. Incidence of CVD has increased in developing countries in East Africa during recent urbanization. Effects of these shifts on childhood hypertension are unclear. Our objectives were to (1) Determine the prevalence of hypertension among primary schoolchildren in Khartoum, Sudan; (2) Determine whether hypertension in this setting is associated with obesity. We performed a cross sectional study of 6-12y children from two schools randomly selected in Khartoum, Sudan. Height, weight, BMI, BP and family history of hypertension were assessed. Age-, height- and gender-specific BP curves were used to determine pre-hypertension (90–95%) and hypertension (>95%). Of 304 children, 45 (14.8%) were overweight; 32 (10.5%) were obese; 15 (4.9%) were pre-hypertensive and 15 (4.9%) were hypertensive. Obesity but not family history of hypertension was associated with current hypertension. In multiple logistic regression, adjusting for family history, children who were obese had a relative-risk of 14.7 (CI 2.45-88.2) for systolic hypertension compared to normal-weight children. We conclude that overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren in urban Sudan and are strongly associated with hypertension. That obesity-associated cardiovascular sequelae exist in the developing world at young ages may be a harbinger of future CVD in sub-Saharan Africa

Visual learning: the effect of sketching on recall of a witness' account

The impact of sketching on memory for details of an account was examined across three experiments. In Experiment 1, participants (N = 84) were provided with an account of a robbery that was delivered either in an audio-visual sketch or an audio-only format, and asked to recall the account. In Experiment 2, participants (N = 116) were provided with an account regarding an assault that varied in length (5-minutes, 10-minutes, 15-minutes) and was presented in either audio-visual sketch or audio-only format. In Experiment 3, participants (N = 173) were provided with an account of an emergency medical situation that varied in presentation modality (audio-only, static sketch, hybrid sketch, dynamic sketch) and were either given the opportunity to have access to the sketch during recall or not have access to the sketch during recall. The results of the three experiments showed that participants provided with audio-visual sketch information outperformed participants provided with audio-only information. Experiment 2 revealed that short accounts are remembered better than longer accounts. Experiment 3 showed that dynamic visual information was remembered better than static visual information or audio-only information. In addition, Experiment 3 showed that having access to the sketch while recalling the account is less important as the mobility of the sketch increases. The utility of sketching as a viable learning mechanism for investigative interviewers is discussed

Moral Disengagement, Hope and Spirituality: Including an empirical exploration of combat veterans

Albert Bandura’s construct of moral disengagement has been recognized as theoretically useful for the study of self-destructive behaviors and moral disengagement, and to provide a unique criterion for empirical investigation of United States combat veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The purpose of this project is to better understand predictors related to the disengagement of moral self-sanctions in order that self-destructive behaviors related to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, such as drug and alcohol abuse, and the ultimate self-destructive behavior of suicide, might be mitigated. Charles Snyder’s hope construct, Harold Koenig and Arndt Büssing’s concept of intrinsic religiosity and Corey Keyes’ notion of psychological flourishing are chosen as viable predictor variables. Hope and intrinsic religiosity are found to be significant and to be correlated with moral disengagement. Inferences regarding the results are postulated and suggestions are made for research regarding other possible predictors of moral disengagement. Agentive moral reinforcement is discussed and proposals offered related to increasing psychological resilience and decreasing the agent’s risk associated with moral disengagement

Methods for treating bone deficit conditions with benzothiazole

" Compounds containing two aromatic systems covalently linked through a linker containing one or more atoms, or ""linker"" defined as including a covalent bond per se so as to space the aromatic systems at a distance 1.5-15 .ANG., are effective in treating conditions associated with bone deficits. The compounds can be administered to vertebrate subjects alone or in combination with additional agents that promote bone growth or that inhibit bone resorption. They can be screened for activity prior to administration by assessing their ability to effect the transcription of a reporter gene coupled to a promoter associated with a bone morphogenetic protein and/or their ability to stimulate calvarial growth in model animal systems. "Board of Regents, University of Texas Syste