17 research outputs found
Methods for forming an irrigation network for a mole subsurface irrigation system
The article presents the results of field studies carried out in 2022 on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region, which were aimed at studying the methods of forming soil pipes for the mole irrigation system using various designs of the mole tine (a special working body for cutting molehills) and the speed of the tractor during the formation of the irrigation network. The considered method of irrigation in the soil and climatic conditions of this region has not been previously studied. As a result, it was found that the use of a trapezoidal stand with a βknifeβ (a front cutting edge 30 mm wide along the entire height of the stand) and a βchiselβ (a rectangular cutting surface of the drainer) was the most effective for arranging an irrigation network of mole irrigators (molehills), since here, regardless of the shape and size of the expanders, the degree of their shedding was 5β38% lower than in the variants with a rectangular post with an ellipsoid shape of the cutting surface of the drainer. Also, our studies showed that when the tractor was moving at 0.9 ... 2.6 km / h, the degree of destruction of molehills was 42 ... 87%, and at 3.4 ... 4.3 km / h this figure decreased to 13 ... 18%, therefore, this speed allowed more efficient formation of soil pipes for the creation of mole subsoil irrigation systems. The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation and the Administration of the Volgograd Region under project No. 22-26-20070, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-20070
Determination of the main parameters of the mole irrigation network in the Lower Volga region
The article presents the results of studies to determine the main parameters of the irrigation network for the mole irrigation system on light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region, a typical region of the Lower Volga region. This method of irrigating crops will be used for the first time in this region. For this, 3 variants of the depth (0.3; 0.4 and 0.5 m) of the location of mole sprinklers - soil pipes with a diameter of 58 ... 63 mm for supplying water to plants were studied. Based on the study of moisture contours, it was found that the most effective was the location of molehills at a depth of 0.3 ... 0.4 m, since 99.3 ... 95.1% of the moisture in the zone of normal moistening (90β¦110% SMC the next day after watering) was within the active soil layer of 0.0-0.8 m in the absence of deep filtration into the underlying layers. Further study of the moisture contours showed that at a mole irrigation depth of 0.3β¦0.5 m, the zone of normal moisture (90β¦110% SMC) extended 40β¦51 cm to the left and 42β¦45 cm to the right, and the zone of low moisture (75 ...90% SMC) - 69...91 cm to the left and 63...68 cm to the right of the molehill axis, which allows soil sprinklers to be located at a distance of 1.0...1.5 m from each other if it is necessary to uniformly moisten the active soil layer throughout the irrigation area. The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation and the Administration of the Volgograd Region under project No. 22-26-20070, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-20070
Nonlinear pair production in scattering of photons on ultra-short laser pulses at high energy
We consider scattering of a photon on a short intense laser pulse at high
energy. We argue that for ultra-short laser pulses the interaction is coherent
over the entire length of the pulse. At low pulse intensity the total cross
section for electron-positron pair production is proportional to . However,
at pulse intensities higher than the characteristic value , the total
cross section saturates -- it becomes proportional to the logarithm of
intensity. This nonlinear effect is due to multi-photon interactions. We derive
the total cross section for pair production at high energies by resuming the
multi-photon amplitudes to all orders in intensity. We calculate the saturation
intensity and show that it is significantly lower than the Schwinger's
critical value. We discuss possible experimental tests.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures; v2: presentation improved, references added,
typos fixe
Elemental Composition of PM2.5 and PM10 and Health Risks Assessment in the Industrial Districts of Chelyabinsk, South Ural Region, Russia
Air pollution impacts all populations globally, indiscriminately and has site-specific variation and characteristics. Airborne particulate matter (PM) levels were monitored in a typical industrial Russian city, Chelyabinsk in three destinations, one characterized by high traffic volumes and two by industrial zone emissions. The mass concentration and trace metal content of PM2.5 and PM10 were obtained from samples collected during four distinct seasons of 2020. The mean 24-h PM10 ranged between 6 and 64 ΞΌg/m3. 24-h PM2.5 levels were reported from 5 to 56 ΞΌg/m3. About half of the 24-h PM10 and most of the PM2.5 values in Chelyabinsk were higher than the WHO recommendations. The mean PM2.5/PM10 ratio was measured at 0.85, indicative of anthropogenic input. To evaluate the Al, Fe, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentration in PM2.5 and PM10, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used. Fe (337β732 ng/m3) was the most abundant component in PM2.5 and PM10 samples while Zn (77β206 ng/m3), Mn (10β96 ng/m3), and Pb (11β41 ng/m3) had the highest concentrations among trace elements. Total non-carcinogenic risks for children were found higher than 1, indicating possible health hazards. This study also presents that the carcinogenic risk for As, Cr, Co, Cd, Ni, and Pb were observed higher than the acceptable limit (1 Γ 10β6)
Methods for forming an irrigation network for a mole subsurface irrigation system
The article presents the results of field studies carried out in 2022 on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region, which were aimed at studying the methods of forming soil pipes for the mole irrigation system using various designs of the mole tine (a special working body for cutting molehills) and the speed of the tractor during the formation of the irrigation network. The considered method of irrigation in the soil and climatic conditions of this region has not been previously studied. As a result, it was found that the use of a trapezoidal stand with a βknifeβ (a front cutting edge 30 mm wide along the entire height of the stand) and a βchiselβ (a rectangular cutting surface of the drainer) was the most effective for arranging an irrigation network of mole irrigators (molehills), since here, regardless of the shape and size of the expanders, the degree of their shedding was 5β38% lower than in the variants with a rectangular post with an ellipsoid shape of the cutting surface of the drainer. Also, our studies showed that when the tractor was moving at 0.9 ... 2.6 km / h, the degree of destruction of molehills was 42 ... 87%, and at 3.4 ... 4.3 km / h this figure decreased to 13 ... 18%, therefore, this speed allowed more efficient formation of soil pipes for the creation of mole subsoil irrigation systems. The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation and the Administration of the Volgograd Region under project No. 22-26-20070, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-20070
Determination of the main parameters of the mole irrigation network in the Lower Volga region
The article presents the results of studies to determine the main parameters of the irrigation network for the mole irrigation system on light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region, a typical region of the Lower Volga region. This method of irrigating crops will be used for the first time in this region. For this, 3 variants of the depth (0.3; 0.4 and 0.5 m) of the location of mole sprinklers - soil pipes with a diameter of 58 ... 63 mm for supplying water to plants were studied. Based on the study of moisture contours, it was found that the most effective was the location of molehills at a depth of 0.3 ... 0.4 m, since 99.3 ... 95.1% of the moisture in the zone of normal moistening (90β¦110% SMC the next day after watering) was within the active soil layer of 0.0-0.8 m in the absence of deep filtration into the underlying layers. Further study of the moisture contours showed that at a mole irrigation depth of 0.3β¦0.5 m, the zone of normal moisture (90β¦110% SMC) extended 40β¦51 cm to the left and 42β¦45 cm to the right, and the zone of low moisture (75 ...90% SMC) - 69...91 cm to the left and 63...68 cm to the right of the molehill axis, which allows soil sprinklers to be located at a distance of 1.0...1.5 m from each other if it is necessary to uniformly moisten the active soil layer throughout the irrigation area. The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation and the Administration of the Volgograd Region under project No. 22-26-20070, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-2007
Investigation of noise spectra in the frame crane cabins
Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½ ΠΊΠΎΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
, Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½. ΠΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½
Predictors and diagnosis of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) is a diabetic complication characterised by early dissemination of sympathetic and parasympathetic, small-fibre neuronal degeneration. DCAN is the most dangerous and insidious complication that influences the clinical course and mortality rate of diabetes; however, it is often underestimated and not recognised by practitioners. Medical history and a physical examination are not sufficient for diagnosing DCAN. Laboratory diagnosis and the instrumental methods used to evaluate DCAN are time-consuming and not always available. Early detection of DCAN in diabetic patients is important for the early implementation of therapy. Today, there is no uniform diagnostic algorithm for DCAN in patients with various disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. This is due to the insufficient number of clinical trials and limitations of current protocols.
This review presents an overview of the clinical and experimental studies of DCAN. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, risk factors and underlying pathogenesis of DCAN are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of conventional and new diagnostic methods are discussed
Management of the water regime of soil to increase the vegetable crops yield with different irrigation methods in the south of Russia
Long-term researches on the cultivation of vegetable crops with different methods of irrigation in the Volgograd region have shown that their yield was primarily closely related to the improvement of the water regime of the soil. Its efficiency using drip irrigation increased with the introduction of mineral fertilizers, and using subsurface irrigation - with an improvement of the location of the irrigation network. The highest yield of beet with drip irrigation (82.4 t / ha) was obtained with an increase of the Soil Pre-Irrigation Moisture (SPIM) to 85% of Full Moisture Capacity (FMC) and fertilization doses - to N235P140K130 kg/ha. The highest yield of courgettes with drip irrigation of 83.7 t / ha was obtained while maintaining the similar irrigation regime and the quantity of fertilizers N240P99K110 kg/ha.The maximum cabbage yield in our experience with drip irrigation of 83.1 t / ha was achieved using the option that combines the maintenance of the irrigation regime 80-90-80 %FMC with the application of fertilizers at doses of N110P50K140 kg / ha. The highest yield of radish with subsurface irrigation of 79.8 t / ha was obtained while maintaining SPIM 85 % FMC in the field with the location of subsurface humidifiers at a distance of 1.2 m from each other
Environmental Justice and the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Urban Air Pollution Monitoring
The main aims of urban air pollution monitoring are to optimize the interaction between humanity and nature, to combine and integrate environmental databases, and to develop sustainable approaches to the production and the organization of the urban environment. One of the main applications of urban air pollution monitoring is for exposure assessment and public health studies. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) approaches can be used to build air pollution models to predict pollutant concentrations and assess environmental and health risks. Air pollution data can be uploaded into AI/ML models to estimate different exposure levels within different communities. The correlation between exposure estimates and public health surveys is important for assessing health risks. These aspects are critical when it concerns environmental injustice. Computational approaches should efficiently manage, visualize, and integrate large datasets. Effective data integration and management are a key to the successful application of computational intelligence approaches in ecology. In this paper, we consider some of these constraints and discuss possible ways to overcome current problems and environmental injustice. The most successful global approach is the development of the smart city; however, such an approach can only increase environmental injustice as not all the regions have access to AI/ML technologies. It is challenging to develop successful regional projects for the analysis of environmental data in the current complicated operating conditions, as well as taking into account the time, computing power, and constraints in the context of environmental injustice