CRIMES AND OFFENSES Offenses Against Public Order and Safety: Change Penalty Provisions Applicable to the Offense of Furnishing a Pistol to a Person Under the Age of 18; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to the Offense of Unlawful Possession of Firearms or Weapons; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to a Second or Subsequent Offenses of Carrying a Concealed Weapon; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Carrying Certain Weapons Within a School Safety Zone; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Possession of a Firearm by a Convicted Felon; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Possession of a Firearm by a person Under 18; Provide That It Is a Felony for a Person convicted of or on First Offender Probation for a Forcible Felony To Attempt To Purchase a Firearm

The Act increases the minimum penalty for furnishing a pistol or a revolver to a minor from two to three years. The Act also increases the minimum sentence for unlawful possession of firearms from one to five years and raises the minimum sentence for carrying a concealed weapon to two years. The Act increases the minimum sentence for carrying specified weapons into a school zone. Further, the Act makes it a felony for a person convicted of a forcible felony to attempt to obtain a firearm and increases the penalty for these individuals for possessing a firearm. Finally, the Act raises the minimum fine and sentence for possession of a pistol or a revolver by a minor

MOTOR VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC Drivers\u27 Licenses: Change Certain Provision Relating to Revocation of Licenses of Persons Under 21; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Period of License Suspension and Conditions Regarding Return of License; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Clinical Evaluation and Substance Abuse Treatment Programs; Change Certain provisions Relating to Limited Motor Vehicle Driving Permits; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Terms and Conditions for Suspension of License; Change Certain provisions Relating to Use of an Ignition Interlock Device as a Probation Condition

The Act amends several Code sections to correct inconsistencies in Georgia\u27s DUI and drivers\u27 license revocation laws. More importantly, it alters some provisions that were created in the 1999 Act, known as Heidi\u27s Law, regarding the use of an automobile ignition interlock device (IID). The Act allows a concurrent running of license revocation and the administrative suspension period for individuals under twenty-one years of age. Additionally, the Act increases the mandatory suspension of a driver\u27s license to ten months for a person convicted of two DUIs within five years and eliminates the limited driving permits that were previously available to such individual after 120 days. Finally, the Act changed many provisions related to IIDs, making an IID a necessary condition of probation for an individual who wants a probatory license

MOTOR VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC Drivers\u27 Licenses: Change Certain Provision Relating to Revocation of Licenses of Persons Under 21; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Period of License Suspension and Conditions Regarding Return of License; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Clinical Evaluation and Substance Abuse Treatment Programs; Change Certain provisions Relating to Limited Motor Vehicle Driving Permits; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Terms and Conditions for Suspension of License; Change Certain provisions Relating to Use of an Ignition Interlock Device as a Probation Condition

The Act amends several Code sections to correct inconsistencies in Georgia\u27s DUI and drivers\u27 license revocation laws. More importantly, it alters some provisions that were created in the 1999 Act, known as Heidi\u27s Law, regarding the use of an automobile ignition interlock device (IID). The Act allows a concurrent running of license revocation and the administrative suspension period for individuals under twenty-one years of age. Additionally, the Act increases the mandatory suspension of a driver\u27s license to ten months for a person convicted of two DUIs within five years and eliminates the limited driving permits that were previously available to such individual after 120 days. Finally, the Act changed many provisions related to IIDs, making an IID a necessary condition of probation for an individual who wants a probatory license

CRIMES AND OFFENSES Offenses Against Public Order and Safety: Change Penalty Provisions Applicable to the Offense of Furnishing a Pistol to a Person Under the Age of 18; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to the Offense of Unlawful Possession of Firearms or Weapons; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to a Second or Subsequent Offenses of Carrying a Concealed Weapon; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Carrying Certain Weapons Within a School Safety Zone; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Possession of a Firearm by a Convicted Felon; Change the Penalty Provisions Applicable to Possession of a Firearm by a person Under 18; Provide That It Is a Felony for a Person convicted of or on First Offender Probation for a Forcible Felony To Attempt To Purchase a Firearm

The Act increases the minimum penalty for furnishing a pistol or a revolver to a minor from two to three years. The Act also increases the minimum sentence for unlawful possession of firearms from one to five years and raises the minimum sentence for carrying a concealed weapon to two years. The Act increases the minimum sentence for carrying specified weapons into a school zone. Further, the Act makes it a felony for a person convicted of a forcible felony to attempt to obtain a firearm and increases the penalty for these individuals for possessing a firearm. Finally, the Act raises the minimum fine and sentence for possession of a pistol or a revolver by a minor

Head Direction Signal Contributes to Landmark Navigation on the Radial Arm Maze

Head direction cells appear to provide stable representations of directional heading that contribute to navigation. Damage to brain structures containing these cells has been shown to interfere with performance on spatial tasks. Indeed, surgical brain lesions to the postsubiculum have been found to impair radial maze performance, suggesting involvement of head direction cells in this task (Taube, Kesslak, \u26 Cotman, 1992). However, these lesions10T o10Tften cause collateral damage and disrupt additional brain signals, and this10T c10Tollateral damage may underlie10T t10The observed spatial deficits. As a complementary approach, we evaluated the navigation ability of otoconia-deficient tilted mice, which have intact brains, but have degraded head direction signals. We therefore compared navigation between tilted mice and their control littermates on a landmark navigation task10T u10Tsing10T e10Txtramaze cues, and a cued navigation task using10T in10Ttramaze cues. Performance was quantified by10T t10The percentage of correct arm choices per trial, as well as the frequency of working memory-correct errors (re-entries into baited arms), reference memory errors (first entry into unbaited arms), and working memory-incorrect errors (re-entries into unbaited arms). The landmark navigation task indicated10T th10Tat control mice reached asymptotic performance near 90% correct arm choices by day 7, whereas tilted mice did not exceed 60% correct arm choices by day 10. In addition, reference memory and working memory-incorrect errors were more prevalent for tilted mice. On the cued navigation task, there were no significant differences between groups. The increased frequency of reference memory and working memory-incorrect errors in tilted mice performing the landmark navigation form of the radial arm maze suggests the head direction signal is involved in landmark navigation.http://opus.ipfw.edu/stu_symp2013/1030/thumbnail.jp

A Deeper Look at Leo IV: Star Formation History and Extended Structure

We present MMT/Megacam imaging of the Leo~IV dwarf galaxy in order to investigate its structure and star formation history, and to search for signs of association with the recently discovered Leo~V satellite. Based on parameterized fits, we find that Leo~IV is round, with $\epsilon < 0.23$ (at the 68\% confidence limit) and a half-light radius of $r_{h} \simeq 130$ pc. Additionally, we perform a thorough search for extended structures in the plane of the sky and along the line of sight. We derive our surface brightness detection limit by implanting fake structures into our catalog with stellar populations identical to that of Leo~IV. We show that we are sensitive to stream-like structures with surface brightness $\mu_{r}\lesssim29.6$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$, and at this limit, we find no stellar bridge between Leo IV (out to a radius of $\sim$0.5 kpc) and the recently discovered, nearby satellite Leo V. Using the color magnitude fitting package StarFISH, we determine that Leo~IV is consistent with a single age ($\sim$14 Gyr), single metallicity ($[Fe/H]\sim-2.3$) stellar population, although we can not rule out a significant spread in these value. We derive a luminosity of $M_{V}=-5.5\pm0.3$. Studying both the spatial distribution and frequency of Leo~IV's 'blue plume' stars reveals evidence for a young ($\sim$2 Gyr) stellar population which makes up $\sim$2\% of its stellar mass. This sprinkling of star formation, only detectable in this deep study, highlights the need for further imaging of the new Milky Way satellites along with theoretical work on the expected, detailed properties of these possible 'reionization fossils'.Comment: 26 pages, 14 figures, emulateapj format, ApJ accepted versio

Stress-Dependent Enhancement And Impairment Of Retention By Naloxone: Evidence For An Endogenous Opioid-Based Modulatory System Protective Of Memory

The opiate-receptor antagonist naloxone was administered to rats after passive-avoidance training either alone or in combination with forced-swim stress. A retention test revealed that while naloxone enhanced retention when administered alone, it impaired retention when administered in combination with forced-swim stress. The findings provide evidence for a “protective” endogenous opioid-based system that, when not blocked pharmacologically, limits enhancement or impairment of retention under conditions of mild and intense stress, respectively

Tidal Signatures in the Faintest Milky Way Satellites: The Detailed Properties of Leo V, Pisces II and Canes Venatici II

We present deep wide-field photometry of three recently discovered faint Milky Way satellites: Leo V, Pisces II, and Canes Venatici II. Our main goals are to study the structure and star formation history of these dwarfs; we also search for signs of tidal disturbance. The three satellites have similar half-light radii ($\sim 60-90$ pc) but a wide range of ellipticities. Both Leo V and CVn II show hints of stream-like overdensities at large radii. An analysis of the satellite color-magnitude diagrams shows that all three objects are old ($>$ 10 Gyr) and metal-poor ([Fe/H] $\sim -2$), though neither the models nor the data have sufficient precision to assess when the satellites formed with respect to cosmic reionization. The lack of an observed younger stellar population (\la 10 Gyr) possibly sets them apart from the other satellites at Galactocentric distances \ga 150 kpc. We present a new compilation of structural data for all Milky Way satellite galaxies and use it to compare the properties of classical dwarfs to the ultra-faints. The ellipticity distribution of the two groups is consistent at the $\sim$2-$\sigma$ level. However, the faintest satellites tend to be more aligned toward the Galactic center, and those satellites with the highest ellipticity (\ga 0.4) have orientations ($\Delta \theta_{GC}$) in the range $20^{\circ} \lesssim \Delta \theta_{GC} \lesssim 40^{\circ}$. This latter observation is in rough agreement with predictions from simulations of dwarf galaxies that have lost a significant fraction of their dark matter halos and are being tidally stripped.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted; version updated to match ApJ accepte

Deep Near-IR Surface Photometry of 57 Galaxies in the Local Sphere of Influence

We present H-band surface photometry of 57 galaxies drawn from the Local Sphere of Influence (LSI) with distances of less than 10 Mpc from the Milky Way. The images with a typical surface brightness limit 4 mag fainter than 2MASS (24.5 mag arcsec^-2 < sb_lim < 26 mag arcsec ^-2) have been obtained with IRIS2 on the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope. A total of 22 galaxies that remained previously undetected in the near-IR and potentially could have been genuinely young galaxies were found to have an old stellar population with a star density 1-2 magnitudes below the 2MASS detection threshold. The cleaned near-IR images reveal the morphology and extent of many of the galaxies for the first time. For all program galaxies, we derive radial luminosity profiles, ellipticities, and position angles, together with global parameters such as total magnitude, mean effective surface brightness and half-light radius. Our results show that 2MASS underestimates the total magnitude of galaxies with _eff between 18-21 mag arcsec^-2 by up to 2.5 mag. The Sersic parameters best describing the observed surface brightness profiles are also presented. Adopting accurate galaxy distances and a H-band mass-to-light ratio of Upsilon_H=1.0 +/- 0.4, the LSI galaxies are found to cover a stellar mass range of 5.6 < log_10 (M_stars) < 11.1. The results are discussed along with previously obtained optical data. Our sample of low luminosity galaxies is found to follow closely the optical-infrared B versus H luminosity relation defined by brighter galaxies with a slope of 1.14 +/- 0.02 and scatter of 0.3 magnitudes. Finally we analyse the luminosity - surface brightness relation to determine an empirical mass-to-light ratio of Upsilon_H=0.78 +/- 0.08 for late-type galaxies in the H-band.Comment: Accepted by AJ. High resolution version available at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~emma/KirbyHband.pd