To study the efficacy of Makarasana as an Agnivardhana Karma

Generally in young age, keeps on doing Mithya Aahara and Vihara which leads to Agnidusthi and which become cause of various diseases. As they work restless, their sedentary habits and stress full lifestyle. They are ought to do Vishamashan, Krodha etc., due to their lifestyle. This type of lifestyle leads to Agnidushti and which becomes cause of various diseases. 80 volunteers of age group 20-40 years were selected for the study. They underwent for clinical study on the basis of number of Lakshanas present. These were taken as subjective parameter and which were Samanya and Vishesh Lakshanas. Those were Arochaka, Vidagdha Udgara, Vishtambha, Aadhmana, Anga-Marda, Atijrumbha, Shirshula, Guru Gatrata, Utklesh. Jarana Kala and Abhyavaharan Shakti were objective parameters, as these two are important to assess Agni of a person. For Jarana Kala gradation was done on the basis of hours of time taken to show Laghuta and Kshuda Bodha, because these are Jeerna Aahara Lakshanas. For Abhyavaran Shakti gradation was done on the basis of quantity of food. To assess Agnivardhana, specific diet chart was prepared by considering their daily requirement of calorie. Volunteers were advised to do three Avartana of Makarasana in the morning; Significant changes were seen in Abhyavaharana Shakti in both groups. 56.7% relief in group A and 72% relief were seen. There were significant changes seen in Jaran Kala in both groups. 54.9% relief in Group A and 74% relief in Group B

Study of Aushadh Sevan Kala in Kaphaja Kasa Vyadhi using Nagaradi Yoga w.s.r. to Grasantar Kala

The present study entitled ‘Study of Aushadha Sevana Kala in Kaphaj Kasa Vyadhi using Nagaradi Yoga with special reference to ‘Grasantar Kala’. Here Clinical study regarding “Kaphaj Kasa” Vyadhi was carried with the help of “Nagaradi Yoga” administered in Grasantar Kala in Group A and at Adhobhakta Kala in Group B 32 patients in each group have been studied with treatment and follow up after each 3 days upto 15 days. Clinical assessment of the patients was done by using criteria regarding Kasa included parameter like no. of Kasa Vega, Kapha Nishtivana, Aruchi, Agnimandya, Chhardi, Utklesha, Gaurava and Peenas. Assessment was done on the basis of scoring pattern designed for them. Asyamadhurya, Kaphapurna Deha, Praliptata, Sashakta Vaishamya and Lomharsha was not observed in any of the patients in this study in any of the group. As data was not available on the above said symptoms, statistical analysis of the symptoms is not needful. When drug was administered at Grasantara Kala more percentage of improvement is observed regarding almost all parameters showed in observation and results. So, it can be statistically concluded that drug administered in Grasantara Bheshaj Kala i.e. 95.84% shows maximum result in Kaphaja Kasa Vyadhi than Adhobhakta Kala i.e. 82.51%

Simultaneous Determination of Rofecoxib and Tizanidine by HPTLC

Abstract: An innovative high performance thin layer chromatography method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of rofecoxib and tizanidine from tablet dosage form. Rosiglitazone maleate was used as an internal standard. The separation was achieved using HPTLC plates (Merck #5548) precoated with silica gel 60F 254 on aluminum sheets and a mobile phase comprising of toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol: triethyl amine in volume ratio of 6:3:0.5:0.1 (v/v/v/v), with chamber saturation of 15 min. The plate was developed up to 8 cm and air dried. The plate was then scanned and quantified at 235 nm. The linearity of rofecoxib and tizanidine were in the range of 3.75 µg/spot to 11.25 µg/spot and 0.30 µg/spot to 0.90 µg/spot respectively. The limit of detection for rofecoxib and tizanidine was found to be 45.00 ng/spot and 30.00 ng/spot respectively. The limit of quantification for rofecoxib and tizanidine was found to be 135.00 ng/spot and 90.00 ng/spot respectively. The percentage assay was found between the range of 99.58% to 103.21% for rofecoxib and 98.73% to 101.55% for tizanidine respectively, whereas recovery was found between 99.97% to 100.43% for rofecoxib and 100.00% to 101.00% for tizanidine by standard addition method. The proposed method is accurate, precise and rapid for the simultaneous determination of rofecoxib and tizanidine in dosage form

Optimization of Biogenic Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles

Nanotechnology which deals with the synthesis and characterization of dispersed or solid particles in nano-metric range has emerged out to be a novel approach due to its ample applications in biomedical fields. The advancements in the field of nanotechnology and substantial evidences in biomedical applications have led the researchers to explore safe, ecofriendly, rapid and sustainable approaches for the synthesis of colloidal metal nanoparticles. This chapter illustrates superiority of biogenic route of synthesis of nanoparticles over the different approaches such as chemical and physical methods. In biogenic route, plants and microorganisms like algae, fungi, yeast, actinomycetes etc. act as “bio-factories” which reduce the metal precursors and play a crucial role in the synthesis of nanoparticles with distinct morphologies. Thus, the need of hazardous chemicals is eliminated and a safer and greener approach of nanoparticles synthesis can be adopted. This chapter also outlines the effect of optimization of different parameters mainly pH, temperature, time and concentration of metal ions on the nanoparticle synthesis. It is evident that the optimization of various parameters can yield nanoparticles with desired properties suitable for respective biomedical applications

Randomized Clinical Trial of High-Dose Rifampicin With or Without Levofloxacin Versus Standard of Care for Pediatric Tuberculous Meningitis: The TBM-KIDS Trial

Background. Pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM) commonly causes death or disability. In adults, high-dose rifampicin may reduce mortality. The role of fluoroquinolones remains unclear. There have been no antimicrobial treatment trials for pediatric TBM. Methods. TBM-KIDS was a phase 2 open-label randomized trial among children with TBM in India and Malawi. Participants received isoniazid and pyrazinamide plus: (i) high-dose rifampicin (30 mg/kg) and ethambutol (R30HZE, arm 1); (ii) high-dose rifampicin and levofloxacin (R30HZL, arm 2); or (iii) standard-dose rifampicin and ethambutol (R15HZE, arm 3) for 8 weeks, followed by 10 months of standard treatment. Functional and neurocognitive outcomes were measured longitudinally using Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Results. Of 2487 children prescreened, 79 were screened and 37 enrolled. Median age was 72 months; 49%, 43%, and 8% had stage I, II, and III disease, respectively. Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 58%, 55%, and 36% of children in arms 1, 2, and 3, with 1 death (arm 1) and 6 early treatment discontinuations (4 in arm 1, 1 each in arms 2 and 3). By week 8, all children recovered to MRS score of 0 or 1. Average MSEL scores were significantly better in arm 1 than arm 3 in fine motor, receptive language, and expressive language domains (P < .01). Conclusions. In a pediatric TBM trial, functional outcomes were excellent overall. The trend toward higher frequency of adverse events but better neurocognitive outcomes in children receiving high-dose rifampicin requires confirmation in a larger trial. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02958709

Study of Medico-Legal Cases of negligence admitted and judgement delivered under Consumer Forum in Sangli District

In Kautilya Arthashastra it has been mentioned that doctor (Vaidya) should be punished for his negligence and now in our era we learn about this act under Medicolegal Ethics in Forensic Science and Medical Jurisprudence. In our country percentage of illiterate people is on higher side due to which they are cheated. Hence these people are unaware of rights and services provided by them by law. The aim of this study was to understand the concept of consumer protection act and its relation with medical sciences and correlation with ancient literature. And also to evaluate false or malpractices and to study the difference between civil and criminal negligence and also to find out preventive measures for it. The study of medicolegal cases was done from the cases registered in Sangli Consumer District Forum, Sangli district. Medicolegal cases between January 2001 to December 2010 were collected from Sangli district consumer forum. Total 12 medicolegal cases were sort out. Each case was studied in detail. The study shows that percentage of medicolegal cases in government hospitals and institutes is more than private hospitals. All medicolegal cases were found in allopathy system of medicine

Simultaneous Determination of Aceclofenac, Paracetamol and Chlorzoxazone by HPLC in Tablet Dose Form

A simple, fast and precise reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous determination of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone. Chromatographic separation of the three drugs was performed on an Intersil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5µm) as stationary phase with a mobile phase comprising of 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH adjusted to 5.55 with ammonia): acetonitrile in the ratio 60:40 (v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detection at 205 nm. The linearity of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone were in the range of 5.00-15.00 µg/µL, 25.00-75.00 µg/µL and 25.00-75.00 µg/µL respectively. The limit of detection for aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone was found to be 18.0 ng/mL, 22.0 ng/mL and 9.0 ng/mL respectively whereas, the limit of quantification was found to be 55 ng/mL, 65 ng/mL and 27.0 ng/mL respectively. The recovery was calculated by standard addition method. The average recovery was found to be 99.04%, 99.57% and 101.63% for aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone respectively. The proposed method was found to be accurate, precise and rapid for the simultaneous determination of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazon

Simultaneous Determination of Aceclofenac, Paracetamol and Chlorzoxazone by HPLC in Tablet Dose Form

A simple, fast and precise reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous determination of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone. Chromatographic separation of the three drugs was performed on an Intersil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5µm) as stationary phase with a mobile phase comprising of 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH adjusted to 5.55 with ammonia): acetonitrile in the ratio 60:40 (v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detection at 205 nm. The linearity of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone were in the range of 5.00-15.00 µg/µL, 25.00-75.00 µg/µL and 25.00-75.00 µg/µL respectively. The limit of detection for aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone was found to be 18.0 ng/mL, 22.0 ng/mL and 9.0 ng/mL respectively whereas, the limit of quantification was found to be 55 ng/mL, 65 ng/mL and 27.0 ng/mL respectively. The recovery was calculated by standard addition method. The average recovery was found to be 99.04%, 99.57% and 101.63% for aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazone respectively. The proposed method was found to be accurate, precise and rapid for the simultaneous determination of aceclofenac, paracetamol and chlorzoxazon

Optimally biosynthesized, PEGylated gold nanoparticles functionalized with quercetin and camptothecin enhance potential anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activities

The development of nano delivery systems is rapidly emerging area of nanotechnology applications where nanomaterials (NMs) are employed to deliver therapeutic agents to specific site in a controlled manner. To accomplish this, green synthesis of NMs is widely explored as an eco-friendly method for the development of smart drug delivery system. In the recent times, use of green synthesized NMs, especially metallic NMs have fascinated the scientific community as they are excellent carriers for drugs. This work demonstrates optimized green, biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for functionalization with quercetin (QT) and camptothecin (CPT) to enhance potential anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activities of these drugs. Results: Gold nanoparticles were optimally synthesized in 8 min of reaction at 90 °C, pH 6, using 4 mM of HAuCl4 and 4:1 ratio of extract: HAuCl4. Among different capping agents tested, capping of AuNPs with polyethylene glycol 9000 (PG9) was found best suited prior to functionalization. PG9 capped AuNPs were optimally functionalized with QT in 1 h reaction at 70 °C, pH 7, using 1200 ppm of QT and 1:4 ratio of AuNPs-PG9:QT whereas, CPT was best functionalized at RT in 1 h, pH 12, AuNPs-PG9:CPT ratio of 1:1, and 0.5 mM of CPT. QT functionalized AuNPs showed good anti-cancer activity ( IC50 687.44 μg/mL) against MCF-7 cell line whereas test of anti-inflammatory activity also showed excellent activity ( IC50 287.177 mg/L). The CAM based assessment of anti-angiogenic activity of CPT functionalized AuNPs demonstrated the inhibition of blood vessel branching confirming the anti-angiogenic effect. Conclusions: Thus, present study demonstrates that optimally synthesized biogenic AuNPs are best suited for the functionalization with drugs such as QT and CPT. The functionalization of these drugs with biogenic AuNPs enhances the potential anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activities of these drugs, therefore can be used in biomedical application