Study of the features of masticatory efficiency in patients with acute cerebrovascular disorder by hemitype

The attention of dental researchers is constantly focused on assessing the quality of treatment for various pathologies of the dentоalveolar system, determining disorders of occlusal correlations, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the temporomandibular joint and periodontal tissue pathology. Numerous studies on the above aspects contain information on the characteristics of masticatory efficiency as one of the most vivid markers of orthopedic treatment, as it allows dentists to determine the quality of actual masticatory performance.The issues of functional diagnostics at the stages of rehabilitation of patients with partial defects of the dentition remain relevant, and therefore, the indicators of masticatory efficiency in prosthetics with removable dentures will be one of the most important criteria for adaptation to them. The situation exacerbates when such patients suffer from somatic pathologies of a neurological nature, in particular, acute cerebrovascular disorder.The aim of the research was to study the features of masticatory function in patients with a complicated course of acute cerebrovascular disorder with the neurological deficit by hemitypeThe study involved 25 people with a complicated course of acute cerebrovascular disorder with the neurological deficit by hemitype and 20 people from the control group, aged from 40 to 65 years, for whom partial removable laminar dentures with acrylic base and retaining bent metal clasps were manufactured according to clinical indications. All patients gave their free and informed consent to participate in the study.The masticatory efficiency was determined using the author's method based on the principle of graphical analysis of fragments of the agar-agar masticatory sample with subsequent programmed calculation and computer processing of numerical data.The evaluation indicators were as follows: the total number of fragments of the chewing sample and the number of fragments with a fraction of 500-1000 pixel2.Statistical analysis of the results was conducted using the Statistica 10.0 software package for Windows, and it embraced the following:1. Assessing the distribution of values and their correspondence to the normal one in the population.2. Comparison of the results obtained before applying a removable dental prosthesis and 30 days after its application.3. Intergroup comparison of the results.Thus, we observed an increase in the chewing sample parameters in the period from the beginning of orthopedic treatment until the 30th day of observation after applying a partial removable laminar denture. Despite the general trend, in the group of patients with ACVD, the masticatory efficiency was lower than that of the control group, which is confirmed by the difference between the total number of fragments (<17.22) and the number of fragments with a caliber of 500 to 1000 pixel2 (<4.41). In our opinion, this is due to the peculiarities of adaptation processes in patients with ACVD, who present with a much longer period than patients without a somatic pathology.The study revealed that the masticatory efficiency, restored by prosthetics with removable laminar dentures in the group of patients with a complicated course of ACVD by hemitype, one month after treatment is at the level of 88.68 (total number of fragments of the chewing sample) and 17.04 (number of fragments with a caliber of 500-1000 pixel2), which is a relatively worse indicator as compared to the control group. Thus, the total period of orthopedic rehabilitation for patients with ACVD is longer

Analysis of denture base impact on the denture foundation area tissues

The article presents the results of the study of the dental base impact on the denture foundation area tissues. The study was conducted in 149 patients aged 41 to 74 years. Removable partial laminar dentures for the upper and lower jaws were made of plastics "Ftorax" and "Etacryl-02" by three technologies: in a "water bath", in a dry polymerizer under the pressure and in an advanced injection molding machine. The results obtained allow us to recommend the technology of manufacturing removable partial laminar dentures in the advanced injection molding machine for using in dental orthopedics clinic.У статті наведено результати дослідження впливу протезного базису на тканини протезного ложа. Дослідження проведено на 149 хворих віком від 41 до 74 років. Часткові знімні пластинкові протези на верхню та нижню щелепи з пластмас «Фторакс» і «Етакрил-02» виготовлялися трьома методами: на «водяній бані», в апараті для сухої полімеризації під тиском та в удосконаленому апараті для литтьового пресування. Отримані результати дозволяють рекомендувати до використання в клініці ортопедичної стоматології методику виготовлення часткових знімних пластинкових протезів в удосконаленому апараті для литтьового пресування

Determination of fractal dimension of the functional masticatory test patterns

Valid diagnostic assessment of the state of dentoalveolar system and its masticatory function, in particular, is considered to be an important scientific task of modern prosthodontics. Plenty of the developed ways are based on the use of up-to-date information technology, especially on computer analysis of graphic data. The development of the enhanced methods for the evaluation of masticatory efficiency in patients with both full and partial adentia urged the search of its clear and informative indicators. According to the authors, digital image fractal dimension index can meet these needs. Since most of the available masticatory function assessment methods involve the obtaining large ammount of fragments different in their quantity, size and shape. The photography of the multiplicity of these 'spasmodically' located objects allows the processing of the received image with the help of graphic editor and converting it into numeric data. Thus, the aim of the research was to study the fractal dimension of the masticatory test images, taking into account the peculiarities of the patients'denture defects. Computer software for digital image processing ImageJ 1.50b was used in the research, since it provides the option of computer calculation of the fractal dimension index. The comparison of the masticatory tests of 30 persons with intact teeth (control group) and 33 persons with denture defects has revealed statistically significant deviation in their fractal dimension index. The reduction of the range of conventional statistical norm (1.49-1.66) to the values fluctuating from 1.47 to 1.51. was observed. Therefore, the decrease of the mean value of the fractal dimension from 1.56 (St.Err.- 0.02) to 1.50 indicates the reduction of chopping function in the given masticatory test patterns. As a result, the suggested method will allow the use of fractal dimension index as an integral indicator of masticatory efficiency level

Щодо питання різних методів полімеризації базисних пластмас

Наведена порівняльна характеристика компресійного і ливарного пресування. Ураховуючи всі недолі- ки та переваги обох методів пресування, доведені вагомі переваги ливарного пресування при виготов- ленні знімних конструкцій; Приведена сравнительная характеристика компрессионного и литьевого прессования. Учитывая все недостатки и преимущества обоих методов прессования, доказаны весомые преимущества литьевого прессования при изготовлении съёмных конструкций; Тhe article describes the comparative characteristics of compressive and casting pressing. Considering disadvantages and advantages of both methods, it was proved some advantages of the usage of the casting pressing during construction of removable constructions

Excitability of pulp of mandibular premolars at the pathological abrasion

Авторами статьи проведены исследования состояния пульпы резцов, клыков и премоляров нижней челюсти при патологической стираемости горизонтальной формы. Установлено, что состояние пульпы резцов, клыков и премоляров нижней челюсти при их па­ тологической стертости зависит не только от группы зубов, но также от степени патологической стираемости и возраста пациента.; The authors of the article studied the condition of the pulp of mandibular incisors, canines and premolars at their pathological abrasion of horizontal form. We conducted a comprehensive examination of patients with the intact dental arches and with the pathological abrasion of hard tissues of mandibular incisors, canines, premolars of horizontal form of varying severity. In addition to the control group, the patients were divided by age into three experimental groups. The second group consisted of the patients aged 45-54 years. Group 3 was of the patients aged 55-64 years, and the Group 4 included the patients of 65 years and older. The study results showed that in the control group the 31th and 41th teeth reacted to the electric currents 2.68 ± 0.26 and 3.32 ± 1.04 microamps, respectively. The decrease of excitability was investigated in the experimental groups comparing to the control group. In the second experimantal group, the figures of excitability of the 31th and 41th teeth were 12.83 ± 1.66 and 17.94 ± 1.11 microamps, respectively. The third experimental group (55-64 years), consisting of patients with a pathological abrasion of nearly two-thirds of the tooth, is also characterized by a decrease in the excitability of the central incisors, which dissection figures are 21.56 ± 2.46 and 24.75 ± 0.87 mircoamps, respectively. Dissection of teeth increased their electroexcitability on the average from 2 mircoamps to 3 mircoamps. The abrupt decrease of the tooth excitability was investigated in patients of Group 4 (experimental) with completely erased tooth crowns. The figures of tooth excitability were in the range from 64,31 ± 9,84 to 82,5 ± 6,78 mircoamps. It was established that the condition of the pulp of mandibular incisors, canines and premolars at their pathological abrasion depends not only on the group of teeth but also on the pathological abrasion degree and the patient's age

Визначення маркерів жувальної ефективності для оцінки функціонального стану зубо-щелепної системи

Мета дослідження – за допомогою запропонованого вдосконаленого способу проведення жувальної проби визначити найбільш показові маркери для оцінки якості жувальної ефективност

Basic principles of arch prosthetics

The development of prosthetic dentistry provides improvement of different dental prostheses to increase the level of dental care efficiency. The manual is aimed to provide comprehension of the present day views on the arch prostheses production considering theoretical and practical value of classical techniques. The manual contains the programme material on prosthetic dentistry educational discipline and concerns the issues discussed in the section «Arch prosthetics». The current methods of arch prostheses fixation are widely covered in the manual as well as planning approaches and prosthesis design choice. Particular attention is paid to the basic technological stages of prostheses manufacturing. The text is illustrated with the color drawings improving the presented material comprehension, the list of questions is directed on self-control of acquired knowledge. The authors will be sincerely grateful to colleagues for constructive remarks and useful suggestions in improving the presented material. Authentic translation from Ukrainian Language

Апарат для лікування контрактур нижньої щелепи

Індивідуальний апарат для лікування контрактур нижньої щелепи пропонується для впровадження в лікувально-профілактичних установах практичної охорони здоров’я (обласних, міських, районних) стоматологічного профілю

Characteristics of cellular composition of periodontal pockets

Purpose.The emergence and development of inflammatory periodontal disease in young people is an urgent problem of today's periodontology, and requires a development of new methods that would give an opportunity not only to diagnose but also prognosis of periodontitis course in a given patients contingent. Results. Cellular structure periodontal pockets is presented by hematogenous and epithelial cells. Our results are confirmed by several studies of redecessors, and show that the penetration of periodontal pathogens leads to formation in periodontal tissue of a highly active complex compounds - cytokines that are able to modify the activity of neutrophils and reduce their specific antibacterial properties. Cytokines not only adversely affect the periodontal tissues, but cause further activation of cells that synthesized them, inhibit tissue repair and process of resynthesis of connective tissue by fibroblasts. Conclusion. Neutrophilic granulocytes present in each of the types of smear types, but their functional status and quantitative composition is different. The results of our cytological study confirmed the results of immunohistochemical studies, and show that in generalized periodontitis, an inflammatory cellular elements with disorganized epithelial cells and connective tissue of the gums and periodontium, and bacteria form specific types of infiltration in periodontal tissues