Purpose.The emergence and development of inflammatory periodontal disease in
young people is an urgent problem of today's periodontology, and requires a
development of new methods that would give an opportunity not only to diagnose but
also prognosis of periodontitis course in a given patients contingent. Results. Cellular
structure periodontal pockets is presented by hematogenous and epithelial cells. Our
results are confirmed by several studies of redecessors, and show that the penetration
of periodontal pathogens leads to formation in periodontal tissue of a highly active
complex compounds - cytokines that are able to modify the activity of neutrophils and
reduce their specific antibacterial properties. Cytokines not only adversely affect the
periodontal tissues, but cause further activation of cells that synthesized them, inhibit
tissue repair and process of resynthesis of connective tissue by fibroblasts.
Conclusion. Neutrophilic granulocytes present in each of the types of smear types, but
their functional status and quantitative composition is different. The results of our
cytological study confirmed the results of immunohistochemical studies, and show that
in generalized periodontitis, an inflammatory cellular elements with disorganized
epithelial cells and connective tissue of the gums and periodontium, and bacteria form
specific types of infiltration in periodontal tissues