The effects made on "The General Health" and on "Acceptance to School Life" by constituent factors of "Belongingness to Classroom Group" of high school students

本研究では、「高等学校における学級集団帰属意識尺度」を用いて、高等学校における学級集団への帰属意識と精神的健康度、及び学校生活への適応感との関連について分析することを目的とした。まず、「高等学校における学級集団帰属意識」を構成する3因子の構造を「帰属疎外感」→「学級からの受容感」→「学級の魅力」とし、その最初の2因子「帰属疎外感」と「学級からの受容感」を取り上げ、それぞれの得点の平均値を基準に高群と低群に分け、4つのタイプに分類した。そして、それらと自尊感情、GHQ及び学校生活適応感尺度の各因子得点に対して一元配置の分散分析を行ったところ、「不安」や「不眠」、「身体的症状」といった精神的健康上の問題や、自尊感情や「友人関係」、「特別活動への参加態度」など社会的意味をもつものとの関連が示唆された。This study aimed at analyzing correlations between "Belongingness to Classroom Group", "The General Health" and "Adjustment to School Life", by using "Belongingness to Classroom Group Scale in high school" As a first step, causal analysi was used to determine temporary orders of three factors which constitute "Belongingness to Classroom Group in high school", and the earliest two factors of "Obstacle to Belongigness" and "Acceptance from Classroom" were taken up and, on the basis of an average of scores obtained, a high group and a low group were arranged to make them classified into 4 types. Then, one way analysis of variance was used for scores obtained by each factor of "Self-Esteem", "G.H.Q"., "Adjustment to School Life", and of above-mentioned 4 types. As a result, It was suggested that there were positive correlations with problems of the general health such as uneasiness, sleeplessness or physical symptoms, as well as with the matters having social significance like self-esteem, friendship, participation in special activity, and etc

An experiment on making "Belongingness to Classroom Group Scale" in high school.

本研究では、現代の高校生における学級集団への帰属意識の要因を明確にし、その学級集団への帰属意識の要因の構造をもとに、高等学校における学級集団への帰属意識とスクールモラールや、学校生活適応感尺度との関連性について考察した。まず、145名の高校生から学級集団への帰属意識の規定要因についての項目を収集し、高校生の心的リアリティーに添った具体的場面での46の質問項目を選定した。学級集団への帰属意識尺度の得点について因子分析を行ったところ、「学級からの受容」、「学級のまとまり」、「帰属阻害感」の3因子が抽出された。各因子尺度の信頼性分析により、信頼性が確認された。また、全ての並行検査との間に有意な相関がみられることから構成概念妥当性が支持されたと考える。In this study, factors of "Belongingness to Classroom Group" among high school students of today were clarified and the correlations with "School Morale" and "Adaptation to School Life Scale" were also investigated under the structure of those factors. To begin with, items of factors of "Belongingness to Classroom Group" were collected from 145 students and 46 questionnaires were selected from concrete situations meeting their mental reality. After that, factor analysis was done on the scores and three factors "Acceptance from Class", "Class Unity" and "Obstacle to Belonging" were extracted. By doing the reliability analysis, it is understood that sufficient reliabilities have been confirmed on these three factors. Also, significant correlations were observed with all tests done in parallel and therefore we think that the construct validity has been supported

Discrimination of Stem Cell Status after Subjecting Cynomolgus Monkey Pluripotent Stem Cells to Naïve Conversion

Experimental animal models have played an indispensable role in the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) research. The derivation of high-quality (so-called “true naïve state”) iPSCs of non-human primates enhances their application and safety for human regenerative medicine. Although several attempts have been made to convert human and non-human primate PSCs into a truly naïve state, it is unclear which evaluation methods can discriminate them as being truly naïve. Here we attempted to derive naïve cynomolgus monkey (Cm) (Macaca fascicularis) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and iPSCs. Several characteristics of naïve Cm ESCs including colony morphology, appearance of naïve-related mRNAs and proteins, leukaemia inhibitory factor dependency, and mitochondrial respiration were confirmed. Next, we generated Cm iPSCs and converted them to a naïve state. Transcriptomic comparison of PSCs with early Cm embryos elucidated the partial achievement (termed naïve-like) of their conversion. When these were subjected to in vitro neural differentiation, enhanced differentiating capacities were observed after naïve-like conversion, but some lines exhibited heterogeneity. The difficulty of achieving contribution to chimeric mouse embryos was also demonstrated. These results suggest that Cm PSCs could ameliorate their in vitro neural differentiation potential even though they could not display true naïve characteristics

Real-world Effectiveness and Tolerability of Interferon-free Direct-acting Antiviral for 15,849 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Multinational Cohort Study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: As practice patterns and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) vary geographically, a global real-world study from both East and West covering all GTs can help inform practice policy toward the 2030 HCV elimination goal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of DAA treatment in routine clinical practice in a multinational cohort for patients infected with all HCV GTs, focusing on GT3 and GT6. METHODS: We analyzed the sustained virological response (SVR12) of 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients from 39 Real-World Evidence from the Asia Liver Consortium for HCV clinical sites in Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe between 07/01/2014-07/01/2021. RESULTS: The mean age was 62±13 years, with 49.6% male. The demographic breakdown was 91.1% Asian (52.9% Japanese, 25.7% Chinese/Taiwanese, 5.4% Korean, 3.3% Malaysian, and 2.9% Vietnamese), 6.4% White, 1.3% Hispanic/Latino, and 1% Black/African-American. Additionally, 34.8% had cirrhosis, 8.6% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 24.9% were treatment-experienced (20.7% with interferon, 4.3% with direct-acting antivirals). The largest group was GT1 (10,246 [64.6%]), followed by GT2 (3,686 [23.2%]), GT3 (1,151 [7.2%]), GT6 (457 [2.8%]), GT4 (47 [0.3%]), GT5 (1 [0.006%]), and untyped GTs (261 [1.6%]). The overall SVR12 was 96.9%, with rates over 95% for GT1/2/3/6 but 91.5% for GT4. SVR12 for GT3 was 95.1% overall, 98.2% for GT3a, and 94.0% for GT3b. SVR12 was 98.3% overall for GT6, lower for patients with cirrhosis and treatment-experienced (TE) (93.8%) but ≥97.5% for treatment-naive patients regardless of cirrhosis status. On multivariable analysis, advanced age, prior treatment failure, cirrhosis, active HCC, and GT3/4 were independent predictors of lower SVR12, while being Asian was a significant predictor of achieving SVR12. CONCLUSIONS: In this diverse multinational real-world cohort of patients with various GTs, the overall cure rate was 96.9%, despite large numbers of patients with cirrhosis, HCC, TE, and GT3/6. SVR12 for GT3/6 with cirrhosis and TE was lower but still excellent (\u3e91%)