13,965 research outputs found
Outage Probability and Outage-Based Robust Beamforming for MIMO Interference Channels with Imperfect Channel State Information
In this paper, the outage probability and outage-based beam design for
multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference channels are considered.
First, closed-form expressions for the outage probability in MIMO interference
channels are derived under the assumption of Gaussian-distributed channel state
information (CSI) error, and the asymptotic behavior of the outage probability
as a function of several system parameters is examined by using the Chernoff
bound. It is shown that the outage probability decreases exponentially with
respect to the quality of CSI measured by the inverse of the mean square error
of CSI. Second, based on the derived outage probability expressions, an
iterative beam design algorithm for maximizing the sum outage rate is proposed.
Numerical results show that the proposed beam design algorithm yields better
sum outage rate performance than conventional algorithms such as interference
alignment developed under the assumption of perfect CSI.Comment: 41 pages, 14 figures. accepted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless
Communication
Rich variety of defects in ZnO via an attractive interaction between O-vacancies and Zn-interstitials
As the concentration of intrinsic defects becomes sufficiently high in
O-deficient ZnO, interactions between defects lead to a significant reduction
in their formation energies. We show that the formation of both O-vacancies and
Zn-interstitials becomes significantly enhanced by a strong attractive
interaction between them, making these defects an important source of n-type
conductivity in ZnO.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Counterterms in Gravity in the Light-Front Formulation and a D=2 Conformal-like Symmetry in Gravity
In this paper we discuss gravity in the light-front formulation (light-cone
gauge) and show how possible counterterms arise. We find that Poincare
invariance is not enough to find the three-point counterterms uniquely.
Higher-spin fields can intrude and mimic three-point higher derivative gravity
terms. To select the correct term we have to use the remaining
reparametrization invariance that exists after the gauge choice. We finally
sketch how the corresponding programme for N=8 Supergravity should work.Comment: 26 pages, references added, published versio
On the origin of the hump structure in the in-plane optical conductivity of high Tc cuprates based on a SU(2) slave-boson theory
An improved version of SU(2) slave-boson approach is applied to study the
in-plane optical conductivity of the two dimensional systems of high Tc
cuprates. We investigate the role of fluctuations of both the phase and
amplitude of order parameters on the (Drude) peak-dip-hump structure in the
in-plane conductivity as a function of hole doping concentration and
temperature. The mid-infrared(MIR) hump in the in-plane optical conductivity is
shown to originate from the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations of short
range(the amplitude fluctuations of spin singlet pairing order parameters),
which is consistent with our previous U(1) study. However the inclusion of both
the phase and amplitude fluctuations is shown to substantially improve the
qualitative feature of the optical conductivity by showing substantially
reduced Drude peak widths for entire doping range. Both the shift of the hump
position to lower frequency and the growth of the hump peak height with
increasing hole concentration is shown to be consistent with observations.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Recognition of partially occluded threat objects using the annealed Hopefield network
Recognition of partially occluded objects has been an important issue to airport security because occlusion causes significant problems in identifying and locating objects during baggage inspection. The neural network approach is suitable for the problems in the sense that the inherent parallelism of neural networks pursues many hypotheses in parallel resulting in high computation rates. Moreover, they provide a greater degree of robustness or fault tolerance than conventional computers. The annealed Hopfield network which is derived from the mean field annealing (MFA) has been developed to find global solutions of a nonlinear system. In the study, it has been proven that the system temperature of MFA is equivalent to the gain of the sigmoid function of a Hopfield network. In our early work, we developed the hybrid Hopfield network (HHN) for fast and reliable matching. However, HHN doesn't guarantee global solutions and yields false matching under heavily occluded conditions because HHN is dependent on initial states by its nature. In this paper, we present the annealed Hopfield network (AHN) for occluded object matching problems. In AHN, the mean field theory is applied to the hybird Hopfield network in order to improve computational complexity of the annealed Hopfield network and provide reliable matching under heavily occluded conditions. AHN is slower than HHN. However, AHN provides near global solutions without initial restrictions and provides less false matching than HHN. In conclusion, a new algorithm based upon a neural network approach was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the automated inspection of threat objects from x-ray images. The robustness of the algorithm is proved by identifying occluded target objects with large tolerance of their features
Formation of Warped Disks by Galactic Fly-by Encounters. I. Stellar Disks
Warped disks are almost ubiquitous among spiral galaxies. Here we revisit and
test the `fly-by scenario' of warp formation, in which impulsive encounters
between galaxies are responsible for warped disks. Based on N-body simulations,
we investigate the morphological and kinematical evolution of the stellar
component of disks when galaxies undergo fly-by interactions with adjacent dark
matter halos. We find that the so-called `S'-shaped warps can be excited by
fly-bys and sustained for even up to a few billion years, and that this
scenario provides a cohesive explanation for several key observations. We show
that disk warp properties are governed primarily by the following three
parameters; (1) the impact parameter, i.e., the minimum distance between two
halos, (2) the mass ratio between two halos, and (3) the incident angle of the
fly-by perturber. The warp angle is tied up with all three parameters, yet the
warp lifetime is particularly sensitive to the incident angle of the perturber.
Interestingly, the modeled S-shaped warps are often non-symmetric depending on
the incident angle. We speculate that the puzzling U- and L-shaped warps are
geometrically superimposed S-types produced by successive fly-bys with
different incident angles, including multiple interactions with a satellite on
a highly elongated orbit.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Ap
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