Distinguishing Antonyms and Synonyms in a Pattern-based Neural Network

Distinguishing between antonyms and synonyms is a key task to achieve high performance in NLP systems. While they are notoriously difficult to distinguish by distributional co-occurrence models, pattern-based methods have proven effective to differentiate between the relations. In this paper, we present a novel neural network model AntSynNET that exploits lexico-syntactic patterns from syntactic parse trees. In addition to the lexical and syntactic information, we successfully integrate the distance between the related words along the syntactic path as a new pattern feature. The results from classification experiments show that AntSynNET improves the performance over prior pattern-based methods.Comment: EACL 2017, 10 page

Cultural diversity of Chut Ethnic minority in Vietnam in front of the threats of the fades

Chut is official name of special ethnic community in Viet Nam, who consists of 5 local groups: May,Sach, Ruc, A Rem and Ma Lieng in the end of 1973 year. They are li ving in the western border of central provinces Quang Binh and Ha Tinh of Viet Nam. These minorities groups left their wild life in the high mountains very late in comparison with the other ethnic groups in Viet Nam. In the years 60 of Century XX, the Chut was considered as the secluded group and in that time they have brought to return to concentrated village. Previously, due to war, disease and extremly difficult economical life, the population of ethnic minority Chut have declined much. So the internatio nal and Vietnamese scholars had worry about their danger of extinction. Nowadays, ethnic Chut is belonging to 16 smallest ethnic groups in Viet Nam and standing in 42 orders in the List of 54 Vietnamese ethnic minorities. The most important of Chut minorit y is that, in their language still preserved lots of elements of proto Viet Muong as the ancient Vietnamese language. So Vietnamese scholars call “Chut minority as National live museum in Viet Nam” and these ethnic groups have a huge significance for inter national and Vietnamese scholars to study the history of Vietnamese Nation and language, also. Vietnamese Government and the whole community are trying to support Chut ethnic minority in development and preservation their original culture. But nowadays, in the process of integration with other ethnic groups living in central provinces of Vietnam, while the Chut population is developing sustainable, but the ancient features of Chut\u27s traditional culture are standing in front of the risk of fades. Our researc h paper will indicate the current situation of cultural diversity of Chut ethnic minority and the challenges in their cultural preservation

MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRASONIC IMPACT TREATED AL-MG ALLOY

Aluminum 5456-H116 has high as-welded strength, is formable, and highly corrosion resistant, however, it can become sensitized when exposed to elevated temperatures for a prolonged time. Sensitization results in the formation of a continuous β phase at the grain boundaries that is anodic to the matrix. Thus the grain boundaries become susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and intergranular corrosion cracking (IGC). Cracking issues on aluminum superstructures have prompted the use of a severe plastic deformation processes, such as ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT), to improve SCC resistance. This study correlated the effects of UIT on the properties of 5456-H116 alloy to the microstructural evolution of the alloy and helped develop a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms that cause the microstructural evolution. Ultrasonic impact treatment produces a deformed layer at the surface ~ 10 to 18 µm thick that is characterized by micro-cracks, tears, and voids. Ultrasonic impact treatment results in grain refinement within the deformation layer and extending below the deformed layer. The microstructure exhibits weak crystallographic texture with larger fraction of high angle grain boundaries. Nanocrystalline grains within the deformation layer vary in size from 2 to 200 nm in diameter and exhibit curved or wavy grain boundaries. The nanocrystalline grains are thermally stable up to 300°C. Above 300°C, grain growth occurs with an activation energy of ~ 32 kJ/mol. Below the deformation layer, the microstructure is characterized by submicron grains, complex structure of dislocations, sub-boundaries, and Moiré fringes depicting overlapping grains. The deformation layer does not exhibit the presence of a continuous β phase, however below the deformation layer; a continuous β phase along the grain boundaries is present. In general the highest hardness and yield strength is at the UIT surface which is attributed to the formation of nanocrystalline grains. Although the highest hardness and yield strength was observed at the UIT surface, the results were mixed with some lower values. The lower hardness and yield strength values at the UIT surface are attributed to the voids and micro cracking/micro voids observed in the deformation layer. The fracture mode was transgranular ductile fracture with micro void coalescence and dimples. Both UIT and untreated material exhibit similar levels of intergranular corrosion susceptibility. Corrosive attack was intergranular with slightly deeper attack in the untreated material. Numerical simulation modeling showed that the calculated residual stress under the tool, ~80 MPa, is of the same order of magnitude as the compressive residual stresses measured by XRD measurements near the surface. Modeling also showed that high effective strains were induced almost immediately. The UIT process also resulted in rapid localized heating to a maximum temperature of ~32°C during the first eleven pin tool cycles. The model also showed that during UIT processing, the material undulates as the pin tool impacts and retracts from the surface of the material. The undulations represent the elastic response of the surface to the compressive stresses built up during a pin tool cycle

Modeling steel corrosion in concrete structures - part 2: A unified adaptive finite element model for simulation of steel corrosion

Recently, numerical methods that can reliably predict the service life of reinforced concrete structures have attracted increasing attention. In this, the second of two companion papers, relevant literature on numerical modeling of steel corrosion is first reviewed. Then, a unified and straight-forward algorithm that is capable of performing different types of steel corrosion modeling using a single scheme is presented, based on the new inverse relation relating the current density with potential for the cathodic reaction proposed in the companion paper. Besides being significantly more efficient computationally arising from the selective mesh refinement feature of adaptive finite element modeling, the proposed algorithm can also efficiently model complex geometries and incorporate parameters that vary over the domain.© 2010 by ESG