health outcomes of young single-person households in South Korea

Thesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2021Does living alone have a negative impact on a person’s health? Specifically, do the health outcomes of young adults from single-person households differ from those of young adults from multi-person households? Single-person households are increasing around the world. Yet the evidence linking living alone and one’s health is mixed. This study examines the health outcomes of South Koreans in their 20s and 30s in single- and multi-person households, using 15 years of data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) and individual and time fixed effects regression analysis. This paper examined the case of South Korea, where the number of single-person households follows the pattern of rise like other countries but has a distinct feature that it increased rapidly in a short period of time. The findings suggest a statistically significant association between household type and health outcomes. Young adults living in single-person households were shown to have a lower reported health status, were more likely to visit an outpatient clinic, and were more likely to suffer from depression. The article further examines how the disparities in health status and mental between the two household types develop over time using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model. The results suggest that the health status and mental health hazard of single-person households are larger than that of multi-person households, and the gap of hazard probabilities between two groups is widening over time.1. Introduction 2. Theoretical Background 3. Data and Descriptive statistics 4. Methodology 5. Results 6. Discussion 7. Conclusion 8. Reference 9. AppendixmasterpublishedBomi KI

Contribution of the family environment to depression in Korean adults with epilepsy

AbstractPurposeDepression is common in adults with epilepsy and an important factor that affects quality of life in these individuals. However, there are few studies on the interactions between epilepsy and family factors in adults and we here investigate this association.MethodsThis cross-sectional, multicenter study collected data on 391 adults with epilepsy and their caregivers recruited from 27 hospitals throughout Korea. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Stigma Scale, and Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) were used to evaluate the study population. Multivariate analysis was conducted using hierarchical linear regression. The Sobel test and structural equation modeling were used to examine interrelationships among the potential factors.ResultsThe mean patient BDI score was 16.3 (SD=11.1). Depressive symptoms (BDI≥10) were in 68.3% and 57.0% in patients and their caregivers, respectively. Hierarchical linear regression analysis only identified caregiver BDI (β=0.219; p<0.001) as an independent factor related to patient BDI. The mediational model suggested that caregiver BDI mediated the effects of other family factors on patient BDI: caregiver's educational level (p=0.002), caregiver's CBI score (p<0.001), caregiver's Stigma Scale score (p<0.001), and family APGAR score (p<0.001). In addition, structural equation modeling showed that the relation between caregiver and patient BDI was unidirectional.ConclusionCaregiver depression is the most important contributor to depression in adults with epilepsy. The other family factors such as caregiver's perception of burden and the level of family function are indirectly correlated with patient depression via the mediating effects of caregiver depression

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ABOUT SATISFACTION MEASURES IN AN ELECTRONIC ERA: GAP SCORES VS. SATISFACTION-ONLY MEASURES?

This study examined the nature of the relationships between customer e-service attributes and overall satisfaction. In particular, gap scores versus satisfaction-only measures were utilized to determine better predictor of overall satisfaction. Results identified that satisfaction-only measures explained significantly larger proportions of the variance in overall satisfaction (62.1% vs. 48.2%). Furthermore, satisfaction-only measures were significantly better indicators on overall satisfaction using Fisher’s Zscore

MARVAND: Mobile Application for Relief Volunteering Activity after Natural Disaster

poster abstractModern technologies play significant roles in the natural disaster domain. Current services focus mostly on providing information, recruiting volunteers, and donating money and goods, butless on supporting the activities of on-site volunteers. Our preliminary interviews showed that there are not enough experts on hand to help support on-site volunteers, and it is difficult to keep track of whether help requests have been met. To fill this gap, we proposed a MARVAND, utilizing LBS, with three main features: ‘Instant Crowd Knowledge’ providing access to remote experts using crowdsourcing; ‘Volunteer Radar’ providing awareness of other volunteers nearby; and ‘Reunite Missing Family Members’ helping reunite families who have been separated as a result of the disaster. The results of the evaluations with twelve participants who had experience in disaster relief volunteering activities demonstrated that the MARVAND could support activities of onsite volunteers after the natural disaster, and serve as an additional communication channel between volunteers and experts

CD4+ T cells from MHC II-dependent thymocyte–thymocyte interaction provide efficient help for B cells

Recently, a novel CD4+ T-cell developmental pathway was reported that generates thymocyte–thymocyte (T–T) CD4+ T cells. We established a mouse system (CIITAtgCIITApIV−/−) where thymic positive selection occurred only by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ thymocytes. T–T CD4+ T cells selected via MHC class II-dependent T–T interaction are comprised of PLZF-negative and innate PLZF-positive populations. Until recently, the functional role of the PLZF-negative population was unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that naïve T–T CD4+ T cells provide B-cell help to a level comparable with that of naïve conventional CD4+ T cells. Considering the absence of PLZF expression in naïve T–T CD4+ T cells, these results suggest that PLZF-negative naïve T–T CD4+ T cells are functionally equivalent to conventional naïve CD4+ T cells in terms of B-cell help

Managing Collaborative Development of Artificial Intelligence: Lessons from the Field

Artificial intelligence (AI) promises businesses superior decisions that outperform those of domain experts. However, AI systems may fail on the ground when they are not developed in collaboration with the experts they seek to bypass. This raises the question of how to manage the collaborative development of AI. Building on a comparative field study, we reveal three key challenges of collaborative AI development in the area of consulting, hiring, and radiology. Based on these findings, we derive guidelines for managers that help them to facilitate the close engagement between AI developers and experts

Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus-associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome Complicated by Multicentric Castleman Disease and Kaposi Sarcoma in a HIV-negative Immunocompetent Patient: An Autopsy Case

Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) of the plasma cell type, and primary effusion lymphoma. KSHV is rarely associated with the hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), but when it does occur, it most occurs in immunocompromised patients. We report herein an unusual case of KSHV-associated HPS in an immunocompetent patient. A previously healthy 62-yr-old male was referred for evaluation of leukocytopenia and multiple lymphadenopathies. After a lymph node biopsy, he was diagnosed with MCD of the plasma cell type. KSHV DNA was detected in the lymph node tissue by polymerase chain reaction. Following a short-term response of the leukocytopenia to prednisolone, mental change, left side weakness, fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and renal failure developed. Despite intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and plasmapheresis, he expired. The lymph nodes were infiltrated by hemophagocytic histiocytes in the sinuses. Pulmonary nodules and gastric erosions were shown to be KS. KSHV DNA was detected in the stomach, lung, and liver. This is the first case of multiple KSHV associated diseases including MCD and KS with KSHV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in an HIV-negative, non-transplant, immunocompetent patient

Angiotensin- I- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from Pacific cod skin gelatin using ultrafiltration membranes

Angiotensin- I- converting enzyme (ACE) is crucial in the control of hypertension and the development of type- 2 diabetes and other diseases associated with metabolic syndrome. The aim of this work was to utilize Pacific cod skin to purify ACE inhibitory peptides. First, gelatin was extracted from Pacific cod skin and hydrolyzed with several enzymes (pepsin, papain, α-chymotrypsin, trypsin, neutrase, and alcalase). The pepsin hydrolysate showed the strongest ACE inhibitory effect and was further fractionated into different ranges of molecular weight (10\ua0kDa) using ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. The peptic hydrolysate below 1\ua0kDa resulted in two potent ACE inhibitory peptides, GASSGMPG (662\ua0Da) and LAYA (436\ua0Da), with IC values (concentration required to decrease the ACE activity by 50%) of 6.9 and 14.5\ua0μM, respectively. Moreover, to explore the interaction between the peptides and ACE molecule, the tertiary structure of ACE and docking simulation to the peptides were predicted using Docking Server. Pacific cod peptides can be used as functional food ingredients to prevent hypertension and its related diseases