An der Presse vorbei : ein Vergleich von Medienstrategien der US-Präsidenten Roosevelt und Trump

Die vorliegende Arbeit fokussiert ausgesuchte Mediennutzungsstrategien US-amerikanischer Präsidenten, wobei die Nutzung von Twitter durch Trump respektive des Radios bei Roosevelt im Zentrum stehen. In beiden präsidialen Mediennutzungsstrategien wird ein Versuch gesehen, einen "medialen Bypass" zu etablieren: die zielgerichtete Umgehung der professionalisierten Presse mittels One-To-Many-Kommunikation. Ein Blick in die Geschichte zeigt erstaunliche Parallelen, und doch könnten die Unterschiede zwischen dem fortschrittlichen Roosevelt und dem konservativen Anti-Intellektuellen Trump kaum größer sein. Für eine umfassende Analyse aus ebendieser Perspektive werden zunächst die Medienentwicklung in Zusammenhang mit der Politik sowie das Spannungsfeld der Öffentlichkeit und der technischen Medien berücksichtigt. Bevor sich dem für die Untersuchung der Medienstrategien benötigten Material zu gewidmet wird, erfolgt ein Exkurs zu der präsidialen Kommunikation und der politischen Kultur in den USA

High School Graduates Report on Reform Efforts in Their High School Senior Year

The senior year of high school has long been problematic. It is seen by many as a year of leisure between the rigors of high school and the rigors of college or career that are yet to come. Schools, school districts, teachers, and administrators struggle with ways to make the senior year more interesting and useful to students, often instituting programs with this purpose in mind. Time, money, and other scarce resources are expended in this pursuit, but little is done to find out if the programs are having the desired effect. This study carried out a mixed-method analysis of the opinions of students who had graduated from three different types of school districts in Western Pennsylvania: one urban, one suburban, and one rural. Graduates were presented with the Senior Year Program Survey, a researcher-developed instrument which asked questions about five specific programs that may or may not have been offered in their school during their senior year. Some respondents who expressed an interest in further participation were then interviewed by telephone to explore their opinions in more depth. The results of the surveys and the results of the interviews combined to create a picture of which programs were perceived by these graduates to have been useful to them in the years since their high school graduation. Overall opinions were measured, as well as comparisons of college-bound students vs. non-college-bound, and male vs. female. Recommendations are made for current school administrators who may be considering instituting, continuing, or discontinuing such programs. Suggestions are also made for follow-up studies with larger, or differently-chosen participants

Communication Between Primary Care Providers and Medical Family Therapists: Reducing Barriers to Collaborative Care

A review of the research related to Medical Family Therapy demonstrates that the inclusion of marriage and family therapists as part of the healthcare team offers benefits such as decreased utilization of healthcare, decreased costs, increased positive outcomes for patients and healthcare systems. However, studies demonstrate the difficulty with communication between providers limiting access to marriage and family therapists. Results of this study identified benefits to working with medical family therapists including broadening the understanding and using a collaborative effort to help the patient improve and get better. Participants also identified barriers to collaboration such as the lack of knowledge of and access to MedFTs, their inclusion in the system, MDs finding value in the MedFT profession, and that the communication process is lacking. Further need for improved communication at the referral and follow-up stages in collaborative practices is shown. In order to move more toward collaborative practices, PCPs and MedFTs need to develop and disseminate training on treatment notes, communication, team meetings, and continuance of collaborative work with one another

IMPACT OF PARENT-IMPLEMENTED CONTINGENT IMITATION ON YOUNG CHILDREN AT-RISK FOR ASD

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pervasive deficits in social orienting and social engagement. Research suggests that parent-implemented interventions using responsive interactive techniques may be effective to increase social engagement in very young children with ASD, although more work is needed to examine how best to support a responsive parental style in this exceptionally heterogeneous population. Emerging evidence indicates that contingent imitation (CI) may be uniquely effective to increase social engagement in children with ASD. This study used a multiple-baseline-across-participants single case design to examine how three caregivers learned to use CI at home with fidelity with their young children at risk for ASD, how use of CI was associated with changes in directive adult behaviors and to identify associated changes in child social engagement and eye gaze. Results demonstrate that caregivers quickly acquired the accurate use of this simple technique at home and sharply reduced their use of questions and directives during play sessions. Child social engagement levels and social eye gaze demonstrated positive changes across intervention and maintenance phases. Implications for research and early intervention practice are discussed

Fine coal fractionation using a magnetohydrostatic separation process CRADA 91-003. Final report

The magnetohydrostatic separation (MHS) process uses a magnetic fluid which has the ability to float a submerged particle in a magnetic field. The objective of this project was to develop a technique for laboratory gravity fractionation of coal using MHS

All is Ripe for Fire

All is Ripe for Fire is a two-part lyrical meditation that captures the world of the unnamed speaker who is visited by the image of a woman, such as the one who appears in the very first poem, The Unnamed, which begins with an invitation to reader: Let us look at the French woman\u27s hand touching the flame to her sleeve. However, no sooner is the reader\u27s attention drawn to the woman\u27s hand, the flame, and then to her sleeve, than the image of the woman is gone entirely. In a matter of a few words, the figure of the woman is going / her hands her head and yet, despite her apparent annihilation in the very first poem, the unnamed figures persists. We see her throwing her head back, raising her legs, in the very next poem. Even when she is absent, unmentioned, she remains a strong presence in the collection. Unlike other recurring figures in these poems, namely, the mother, future love, America, Jesus, a good father, the old men, my pancreas, my girlfriend, my one true friend, who arouse doubt and insecurity, the unnamed performs as a paradoxical figure of vulnerability and security. She is living space; she is the house we do not enter. She is, like the poems in this collection, ripe for fire, dangerous, threatening,, burning with passion, too alive for life, a spirit yearning to be released

Application of the Granuflow Process to Pipeline-Transported Coal Slurry CRADA PC96-010, Final Report

In light of the current difficulties in processing fine coal and the potential for a significant increase in fines due to more demanding quality specifications, the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC) has been involved in the reconstitution of the fine clean coal resulting from advanced fine coal cleaning technologies. FETC has invented and developed a new strategy that combines fine-coal dewatering and reconstitution into one step. The process reduces the moisture content of the clean coal, and alleviates handling problems related to dustiness, stickiness, flowability, and freezing. This process has been named the GranuFlow Process. Early work successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the process for laboratory-scale vacuum filtration dewatering using asphalt emulsion. Further tests focused on the application of the process to a screen-bowl centrifuge via batch mode tests at 300 lb/hr. These tests produced roughly the same results as the laboratory filtration tests did, and they included some testing using Orimulsion, a bitumen emulsion. The Orimulsion seemed to offer greater potential for moisture reduction and was less affected by colder slurry temperatures. Most recently, FETC has conducted several series of tests in its Coal Preparation Process Research Facility. These tests dramatically showed the visible difference in the dewatered product by applying the GranuFlow Process, turning it from a clumpy, wet, sticky material into a granular, dry free-flowing product. In addition, it verified previous results with improvements in moisture content, dustiness, stickiness, and freezing. Orimulsion showed a significant benefit over asphalt emulsion in moisture reduction at additions more than 5%. The overall goal of this project was to successfully apply FETC'S GranuFlow Process to improve coal slurry pipeline operations. Williams Technologies, Inc. (WTI), a leader in pipeline technology, has an interest in reducing the moisture content of the coal at the end of a coal slurry pipeline beyond what is being achieved with conventional mechanical dewatering technology. In addition, they would like to improve the handling characteristics of the dewatered coal. The GranuFlow Process has the potential of assisting in both of these areas, and its degree of applicability needed to be explored. A formal Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between FETC and WTI was signed in November 1996. This CRADA consisted of 6 tasks progressing from preliminary scoping tests to a commercial field test. Task 1 was completed in February 1997, and it provided sufficient information about the applicability of the GranuFlow Process to coal slurry pipelines that further testing was not needed at the present time. Thus the CRADA was terminated

Drying and reconstitution of subbituminous coal - CRADA 90-004. Final report

AMAX Coal Company (AMAX) has built a 200 tph, demonstration scale fluidized-bed drying process at their Belle Ayr Mine in Wyoming to dry the subbituminous coal of Wyodak seam from an average moisture content of 25-30 wt% to about 10 wt%. Currently, the dryer generates too many fines for proper transportation and handling. Though the raw coal is about 2-inch top size, about 80 wt% of the dryer product ends up finer than 28 mesh, and about 10 wt% of the dried coal is collected in the dryer bag house (minus 200 mesh). Paul Woessner, Director of Research and Development of AMAX, met with personnel from PETC Coal Preparation Division and expressed an interest in an investigation of the feasibility of applying the PETC`s humic acid binder to reconstitute the bag house fines from the dryer. This was an area in which PETC had been doing some research and had some expertise. As a result, AMAX and the U.S. Department of Energy`s Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) signed a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA, see appendix A) in June 1990 to produce, from fine subbituminous coal, economic low moisture reconstituted solid fuel forms that have suitable storage, handling, transportation, and combustion properties. PETC`s task in this agreement was to conduct broad, baseline studies in three areas: (1) to develop a humic acid binder from AMAX subbituminous coal using the PETC-developed Humic Acid Binder Process, (2) to reconstitute AMAX`s dried subbituminous coal fines from the bag house and the fluidized bed dryer product with humic acid binder, and (3) to produce low moisture, water-resistant pellets from raw subbituminous coal by the PETC-developed Lignipel Process. AMAX, on the other hand, agreed to produce 1-2 tons of reconstituted solid fuel for handleability and combustion tests and partially funded PETC`s efforts

High-Temperature Water-Gas Shift Membrane Reactor Study

NETL’s Office of Research and Development is exploring the integration of membrane reactors into coal gasification plants as a way of increasing efficiency and reducing costs. Water-Gas Shift Reaction experiments were conducted in membrane reactors at conditions similar to those encountered at the outlet of a coal gasifier. The changes in reactant conversion and product selectivity due to the removal of hydrogen via the membrane reactor were quantified. Research was conducted to determine the influence of residence time and H2S on CO conversion in both Pd and Pd80wt%Cu membrane reactors. Effects of the hydrogen sulfide-to-hydrogen ratio on palladium and a palladium-copper alloy at high-temperature were also investigated. These results were compared to thermodynamic calculations for the stability of palladium sulfides

Counterintuitive torsional barriers controlled by hydrogen bonding

Producción CientíficaThe torsional barriers along the Caryl–Caryl axis of a pair of isosteric disubstituted biphenyls were determined by variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy in three solvents with contrasted hydrogen bond accepting abilities (1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane-d2, nitrobenzene-d5 and dimethyl sulfoxide-d6). One of the biphenyl scaffolds was substituted at its ortho and ortho′ positions with N′-acylcarbohydrazide groups that could engage in a pair of intramolecular N–H⋯O=C hydrogen bonding interactions at the ground state, but not at the transition state of the torsional isomerization pathway. The torsional barrier of this biphenyl was exceedingly low despite the presence of the hydrogen bonds (16.1, 15.6 and 13.4 kcal mol−1 in the three aforementioned solvents), compared to the barrier of the reference biphenyl (15.3 ± 0.1 kcal mol−1 on average). Density functional theory and the solvation model developed by Hunter were used to decipher the various forces at play. They highlighted the strong stabilization of hydrogen bond donating solutes not only by hydrogen bond accepting solvents, but also by weakly polar, yet polarizable solvents. As fast exchanges on the NMR time scale were observed above the melting point of dimethyl sulfoxide-d6, a simple but accurate model was also proposed to extrapolate low free activation energies in a pure solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide-d6) from higher ones determined in mixtures of solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 in nitrobenzene-d5).We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (grants CHE-1507321 and CHE-1905238), the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (grant 56375-ND4), the Roenigk Family Foundation and Ohio University for their continuing financial support. HB is also supported by a fellowship from the Alfonso Martin Escudero Foundation. NK thanks the University of Strasbourg and the CNRS for financial support