EFFETS DE LA BIOMASSE ET DU COMPOST DE CASSIA OCCIDENTALIS L. SUR LA CROISSANCE EN HAUTEUR, LE RENDEMENT DU MAÏS (ZEA MAYS L.) ET LA TENEUR EN NPK D’UN SOL DÉGRADÉ EN STATION EXPÉRIMENTALE

In this study, we tested the possibility of using C. occidentalis L., as green manure, compost and improved fallows to regenerate degraded soil. Methods: In some plots of the degraded soil, we buried biomass of Cassia occidentalis and others were either treated with compost of Cassia with or without ash, or performed from improved fallow of Cassia. All the treated plots were then used for a maize culture (Zea mays, var IKENE). The experimental design was that of Fischer with 9 treatments and 4 replicates per treatment. Results: The study showed that the best values for plant height were scored for the plots treated with the green manure of Cassia and the plots treated with compost +ash. The greatest values of grain yields and mass of 1000 grains were obtained for the plots treated with green manure of Cassia and those treated with compost without ash. About the fertility of the treated soil after harversting, the highest values for nitrogen content were scored for the plots treated with compost of cassia containing or not ash whereas highest values for phosphorus content were obtained for the plots treated with the green manure of Cassia. For the the potassium content, the bests results were scored for the plots treated with composts containing ash. Conclusion: these results showed that C. Occidentalis was a convenient source for minerals and allowed us to think that this leguminous could be used in degraded soils restoration program

Physicochemical characterization of organic matter during co-composting of shea-nut cake with goat manure

Wastes constitute a source of pollution for the environment. By composting, the value of organic matter (OM) can be improved in agriculture. From this perspective, the aim of this our work was to study the biodegradation of shea-nut cake, which is a food industry waste. The shea-nut cake was composted with caprine manure for six months. Chemical parameters were followed during composting. The compost obtained had a pH of 6.5, an OM-loss of 52.1% and a C/N ratio of 9.2. Total lipid content was reduced by 84%. The parameters for humifying the organic matter CHA/CFA and E4/E6 were stabilized at 1.33 and 2.68, respectively. The sum of the three principal fertilizing elements (N+P2O5+K2O) represents 7.4% of the compost dry weight. These chemical characteristics show that shea-nut cake can be successfully composted. Stable and mature compost obtained can contribute to the maintenance and increase of the organic matter stock of soils. It can also bring fertilizing elements to the plant.Keywords: Shea-nut cake, composting, organic matter, goat manure.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(22), pp. 3466-347

ETUDE DE LA DISPONIBILITÉ DU PHOSPHORE ASSIMILABLE DES COMPOSTS DE DÉCHETS URBAINS DANS DEUX SOLS DIFFÉRENTS

The availability of assailable phosphate in the compost soil depends on the mineralization of organic matter, the binding reactions of this element, the nature and quality of the compost, but also the nature of the soil and climatic conditions. The work undertaken in this study aims to study the availability of available phosphate of two organic amendments (compost household waste two (C1 and C2) and composted different under different conditions ages) in both soils (S1 and S2). The mass of 0.5 g of compost mixed with 50 g of soil 33 tonnes per hectare is incubated under controlled conditions for 90 days. The humidity is adjusted to 10% of the water holding capacity of the soil and the temperature at 28 ° C. Between the beginning and end of incubation (90 days), an increase of 30.11%, 53.85%, - 1.29% and 95.65% of the content of available phosphate is noted for the treatments S1C1 , S1C2, S2C1 and S2 C2 respectively. Furthermore, the increase of the content of available phosphate is more noticeable in the amended soils by C2 to the compost in soil amended with C1 compost and soil without addition of organic amendments. After three months of incubation, the amount of available phosphate different treatments showed the following descending order: S2C2> S2C1> S1C2> S1C1> S1> S2. Composts C1 and C2 also have an effect on pH, exchangeable cations (EC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils