Internal Energy of the Potts model on the Triangular Lattice with Two- and Three-body Interactions

We calculate the internal energy of the Potts model on the triangular lattice with two- and three-body interactions at the transition point satisfying certain conditions for coupling constants. The method is a duality transformation. Therefore we have to make assumptions on uniqueness of the transition point and that the transition is of second order. These assumptions have been verified to hold by numerical simulations for q=2, 3 and 4, and our results for the internal energy are expected to be exact in these cases.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Prevalence and Intensity of Single and Mixed Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium Infections in Primary School Children in Rachuonyo North District, Homabay County, Western Kenya

Objective: To determine the prevalence and intensity of single and mixed schistosomiasis infection among primary school children in Rachuonyo North District, Homabay County in western Kenya.Design: A descriptive cross sectional study.Setting: A parasitological survey involving six primary schools in  Rachuonyo North District, Homabay County.Subjects: Four hundred and seventy four(474) school children, seven to 15 years old. Each child provided a urine and stool sample for diagnosis of schistosome and soiltransmitted helminth infections. Urine samples were processed using the filtration technique and the sample examined by microscopy for Schistosoma haematobium ova. Stool samples were processed by the Kato-Katz technique and the sample examined by microscopy for ova of S. mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths.Results: Prevelance of S.haematobium was 37.6%, S.mansoni (12.2%), hookworm (14.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides (6.3%), Trichuris trichiura (5.3%) among the children in the participating schools. Overall, 78.6% of the children infected with S.haematobium had light infection (< 50eggs per 10 ml of urine) and the rest (21.4%) had heavy infection (.50 eggs per 10 ml of urine). On the hand, 75.9% of those with S.mansoni had lightinfection (one to 99 eggs per gram of stool (EPG), and the rest (24.1% ) had moderate infection intensities (100-399 (EPG).Conclusion: This is the first report in which both S.haematobium and S.mansoni are found together in the same geographic locality in high prevalence in the Lake Victoria region of western Kenya, with S. haematobium being the most predominant in some places. Rachuonyo North District becomes a new focus of mixed human schistosome infections in Kenya. The significant burden of schistosomiasis in this area highlightsthe need to include regular treatment for schistosomiasis in the national school based deworming programme especially now that the infection occurs in areas more than five kilometres away from the lake

Economic analysis of fertilizer options for maize production in Tanzania

United States Agency for International Developmen

Reduction of myocardial infarction by postischemic administration of the calpain inhibitor A-705253 in comparison to the Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor Cariporide (R) in isolated perfused rabbit hearts

The calpain inhibitor A-705253 and the Na(+)/H(+) exchange inhibitor Cariporide (R) were studied in isolated perfused rabbit hearts subjected to 60 min occlusion of the ramus interventricularis of the left coronary artery (below the origin of the first diagonal branch), followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The inhibitors were added to the perfusion fluid solely or in combination at the beginning of reperfusion. Hemodynamic monitoring and biochemical analysis of perfusion fluid from the coronary outflow were performed. Myocardial infarct size and area at risk (transiently not perfused myocardium) were determined from left ventricular slices after a special staining procedure with Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. The infarcted area (dead myocardium) was 72.7 +/- 4.0% of the area at risk in untreated controls, but was significantly smaller in the presence of the inhibitors. The largest effect was observed with 10(-6) M A-705253, which reduced the infarcted area to 49.2 +/- 4.1% of the area at risk, corresponding to a reduction of 33.6%. Cariporide (R) at 10(-6) M reduced the infarct size to the same extent. The combination of both inhibitors, however, did not further improve cardioprotection. No significant difference was observed between the experimental groups in coronary perfusion, left ventricular pressure, heart rate, or in the release of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase from heart muscle

Magnetic and Dielectric Properties in Multiferroic Cu3Mo2O9 under High Magnetic Fields

The magnetic and dielectric properties under high magnetic fields are studied in the single crystal of Cu3Mo2O9. This multiferroic compound has distorted tetrahedral spin chains. The effects of the quasi-one dimensionality and the geometrical spin frustration are expected to appear simultaneously. We measure the magnetoelectric current and the differential magnetization under the pulsed magnetic field up to 74 T. We also measure the electric polarization versus the electric field curve/loop under the static field up to 23 T. Dielectric properties change at the magnetic fields where the magnetization jumps are observed in the magnetization curve. Moreover, the magnetization plateaus are found at high magnetic fields.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, in press in JPS Conf. Proc. as a part of SCES2013 Proceeding

Three-dimensional antiferromagnetic q-state Potts models: application of the Wang-Landau algorithm

We apply a newly proposed Monte Carlo method, the Wang-Landau algorithm, to the study of the three-dimensional antiferromagnetic q-state Potts models on a simple cubic lattice. We systematically study the phase transition of the models with q=3, 4, 5 and 6. We obtain the finite-temperature phase transition for q= 3 and 4, whereas the transition temperature is down to zero for q=5. For q=6 there exists no order for all the temperatures. We also study the ground-state properties. The size-dependence of the ground-state entropy is investigated. We find that the ground-state entropy is larger than the contribution from the typical configurations of the broken-sublattice-symmetry state for q=3. The same situations are found for q = 4, 5 and 6.Comment: 9 pages including 9 eps figures, RevTeX, to appear in J. Phys.