UC-408 Web Hardening

Our project focuses on ethical hacking and defending in the form of a red/blue team. Our project was broken into 3 phases. In Phase one we were given a server stack and told to do what we could in order to analyze weak points. In phase 2 we were told to bolster the defenses of those weak points. Lastly, in phase 3 were we given an IP address of an opposing team to attack while defending against another teams advances

A study on the development of technical skills in nursing education : through the skill evaluation using simulated patients

本研究の目的は，模擬患者を導入した看護技術試験の効果の検討であった． 研究実施にあたっては，Ｂ大学倫理審査委員会の承認を得た後，被験者と模擬患者に口頭と文書による説明を行い，同意を得た． 調査は，Ａ短期大学の看護学科２年次生３０名を対象に，筆者らが作成した７段階評価の２３項目の質問紙を用いて行われた．手順としては，まず２００４年９月に質問紙を用いた看護技術試験前の調査を行った．１０月に看護技術試験のために「吸引」についての事例およびチェックリストを配布し，デモンストレーションを実施した．１１月に学生が患者役となる形式の技術試験を行った．１２月に模擬患者を導入した技術試験を実施し，その後に９月と同様の質問紙の調査を行った． 肯定的表現に７点，否定的表現に１点を配した質問紙の各項目を看護技術試験前後で比較・検討した結果，技術試験前の高得点は，「緊張感がある－緊張感がない」，「効果的－効果的でない」であり，技術試験後は「よい－よくない」，「有用な－有用でない」および「継続してほしい－継続してほしくない」であった．技術試験前の低得点は，「易しい－難しい」，「明確な－混乱した」であり，技術試験後は「易しい－難しい」，「明確な－混乱した」であった．技術試験前後で得点が上昇したのは，「易しい－難しい」，「有益－有益でない」であり，得点が低下したのは，「やる気がでる－やる気がでない」，「達成感がある－達成感がない」であった．得点が変化しなかったのは，「刺激的な－刺激のない」および「実力を発揮できる－実力を発揮できない」であった． 学生の看護技術の習得レベルを評価し看護実践力を向上させるために，模擬患者を導入した看護技術試験は効果的な方法であることが示唆されたが，学生に過度の緊張を与えず，コミュニケーションスキルが身につくような配慮の工夫が必要であると思われた．The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a test of technical nursing skills using simulated patients. Prior to the study, we obtained the permission of the ethics committee of University B, and explained the research to the subjects and simulated patients in order to obtain their informed consent. A survey was carried out using a questionnaire constructed by the researchers comprising ２３ items with a７‐point Likert scale. The subjects were ３０ senior nursing students at Junior College A. In September ２００４, we conducted an initial survey using the questionnaire, and in October gave the subjects a paper patient and the lists for checking their nursing techniques, and a suction demonstration. In November, we gave an ordinary skills test, and in December, using the same questionnaire as before, we conducted a second survey after a test of technical nursing skills using simulated patients. Pre - and post - test analysis of the questionnaire responses（the most positive answer being awarded７ points and the most negative answer being awarded１point）, showed that pre - test high scores were obtained on the “nervous- not nervous” and “effective-not effective” items ; post-test，“good test-not a good test”, “useful-not useful” and “like to continue-not like to continue”. The pre-test low scores were “easy-difficult” and “clear-unclear” ; and post-test，“easy-difficult” and “clear-unclear”. The increased scores between pre- and post-test were “easy-difficult”, “beneficial-not beneficial” and the decreased scores were “motivation-no motivation” and “sense of achievement-no sense of achievement”. The items which were unchanged were “stimulating-not stimulating”，“developed practical ability-did not develop practical ability”. These results show that the test using simulated patients was an effective method of developing students’ nursing techniques. However, teachers need to pay attention to developing students’ communication skills and not create excessive tension for them when they have skills tests

カンゴ ニ オケル ジョウホウ テイキョウ ト カンジャ カンゴシ カンケイ ト ノ カンレン ニ ツイテ

Nurses usually provide explanations to patients planned for surgery as a form of preoperative guidance. In the present study, providing this information was considered part of the preoperative nursing plan. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between patients\u27 acceptance of this preoperative guidance and the patient\u27s reliance on the nurses themselves. Patients who believed they had received adequate preoperative guidance had more trust in their nurses. Patients who rated the attitudes of the nurses in charge of preoperative guidance highly tended to be more likely to believe that they had received adequate preoperative guidance from their nurses, and they tended to have more trust in their nurses. These results suggest that establishing trust between the patient and the nurse is greatly affected by the patient\u27s receiving trustworthy information concerning the nursing plan. This highlights the importance of reviewing how preoperative patient guidance is given

The Malaria Testing and Treatment Market in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2013

Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is one of the two most leading contributors to the global burden of disease due to malaria. This paper describes the malaria testing and treatment market in the nation’s capital province of Kinshasa, including availability of malaria testing and treatment and relative anti-malarial market share for the public and private sector. Methods A malaria medicine outlet survey was conducted in Kinshasa province in 2013. Stratified multi-staged sampling was used to select areas for the survey. Within sampled areas, all outlets with the potential to sell or distribute anti-malarials in the public and private sector were screened for eligibility. Among outlets with anti-malarials or malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) in stock, a full audit of all available products was conducted. Information collected included product information (e.g. active ingredients, brand name), amount reportedly distributed to patients in the past week, and retail price. Results In total, 3364 outlets were screened for inclusion across Kinshasa and 1118 outlets were eligible for the study. Among all screened outlets in the private sector only about one in ten (12.1%) were stocking quality-assured Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) medicines. Among all screened public sector facilities, 24.5% had both confirmatory testing and quality-assured ACT available, and 20.2% had sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) available for intermittent preventive therapy during pregnancy (IPTp). The private sector distributed the majority of anti-malarials in Kinshasa (96.7%), typically through drug stores (89.1% of the total anti-malarial market). Non-artemisinin therapies were the most commonly distributed anti-malarial (50.1% of the total market), followed by non quality-assured ACT medicines (38.5%). The median price of an adult quality-assured ACT was $6.59, and more expensive than non quality-assured ACT ($3.71) and SP ($0.44). Confirmatory testing was largely not available in the private sector (1.1%). Conclusions While the vast majority of anti-malarial medicines distributed to patients in Kinshasa province are sold within the private sector, availability of malaria testing and appropriate treatment for malaria is alarmingly low. There is a critical need to improve access to confirmatory testing and quality-assured ACT in the private sector. Widespread availability and distribution of non quality-assured ACT and non-artemisinin therapies must be addressed to ensure effective malaria case management