Energy Efficiency and Quality of Services in Virtualized Cloud Radio Access Network

Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is being widely studied for soft and green fifth generation of Long Term Evolution - Advanced (LTE-A). The recent technology advancement in network virtualization function (NFV) and software defined radio (SDR) has enabled virtualization of Baseband Units (BBU) and sharing of underlying general purpose processing (GPP) infrastructure. Also, new innovations in optical transport network (OTN) such as Dark Fiber provides low latency and high bandwidth channels that can support C-RAN for more than forty-kilometer radius. All these advancements make C-RAN feasible and practical. Several virtualization strategies and architectures are proposed for C-RAN and it has been established that C-RAN offers higher energy efficiency and better resource utilization than the current decentralized radio access network (D-RAN). This project studies proposed resource utilization strategy and device a method to calculate power utilization. Then proposes and analyzes a new resource management and virtual BBU placement strategy for C-RAN based on demand prediction and inter-BBU communication load. The new approach is compared with existing state of art strategies with same input scenarios and load. The trade-offs between energy efficiency and quality of services is discussed. The project concludes with comparison between different strategies based on complexity of the system, performance in terms of service availability and optimization efficiency in different scenarios

The views and experiences of adolescents with ‘communication and interaction needs’ of using communication technologies: a small-scale qualitative study

Background Communication technologies can provide children and young people (CYP) with communication and interaction needs novel opportunities for social interactions. Initial studies suggest that communication technologies can provide unique, virtually enabled social opportunities for CYP with communication and interaction needs due to adaptability features and ability of technology to suit unique communicative styles (van Schalkwyk et al., 2017; Zilka, 2018). Research Aim This study explored how adolescents with communication and interaction needs used technology to access social opportunities as well as what types of support they found most useful in regard to online activity. The study adds to current understanding by directly exploring the experiences of 8 adolescents with communication and interaction needs and their own experiences of using communication technologies. Research design Descriptive data about participants main reasons for using communication technologies was collated using an online survey. Semi-structured interviews were then used to explore the reported experiences and perceptions of eight adolescents who have identified communication and interaction needs and use technology to socialise. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the transcripts within each case, and then across the aggregated cases. Key findings The findings from this study suggested participants valued the autonomy with which they could participate in social interactions online, as well as the choices they could make related to their own personal interests. Synchronous communication with new and existing friends was important to participants and was viewed as valuable social time. However, increased opportunities for social interaction also presented increased chances of misinterpreting online communication and others’ intent, which related to feelings of upset and instances of cyberbullying. Social support from family members, such as parents and elder siblings, were described to be valuable in dealing with online harm and managing negative experiences effectively. The relevance of such findings and the implications for schools and educational psychologists are considered. The thesis concludes with future directions for study

Influence of Demographic Variables on Consumer Ethnocentrism: Case of Rajasthan, India

This research will attempt to explore and analyse the belongings of several demographic variables i.e. gender, age, education level, income level, and nature of dwelling on the consumer ethnocentric tendencies among consumers of Rajasthan. Five independent variables gender, age, education level, income level, and nature of dwelling are taken to check the ethnocentric behaviour of respondents towards buying Fast Moving Consumer Goods. Respondents were approached from Jaipur, Rajasthan and 5-point Likert was used to measure the variables. SPSS version 21 was used for data analyses to instigate with the demographic profile of the respondents. The investigation of the differences between subgroups in the demographic variables was tested using independent sample T-test and one-way ANOVA. From results it was concluded that Indians above 31 years were more ethnocentric then younger generation and no significant relation was found between other demographic variables and ethnocentric tendencies of the consumer of Rajasthan. Keywords: Consumer Ethnocentrism, Demographic characteristics – age, gender, income level, education level, Nature of dwelling DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/55-01 Publication date: April 30th 201

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF NIDANAS OF ASRIGDARA IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE DISEASE

Woman's health is point of concern for her family, society and culture because any physical or mental disturbance can disturb her normal menstrual cycle. Asrigdara is the common gynecological problem from menarche to menopause affecting her day to day activities. It is one of the Raktadoshaja Vikara manifesting as excessive menstrual bleeding or intermenstrual bleeding different from the features of normal menstrual blood. On the basis of its symptomatology, it can be compared with abnormal uterine bleeding. It is a debilitating disorder affecting the physical and psychological health of women which finally results in hysterectomy if not treated properly. Nidana is the main causative factor in initiating the Samprapti of the disease. In Samprapti of Asrigdara, various etiological factors such as Lavana, Amla and Katu Rasa, Guru, Vidahi and Snigdha Annapana, Dadhi, Sukta, Mastu etc leads to vitiation of Vata Pitta Dosha and Rakta Dhatu resulting in Asrigdara Vyadhi. In the present study an effort was made to analyse Nidanas in the pathogenesis of the disease on the basis of involvement of Doshas and Dhatus. In Ayurveda classics, Nidana Parivarjan is mentioned as the first line of treatment for any disease. Understanding the Nidanas of Asrigdara plays a major role in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the disease

Novel Synthesis of a Solid Silver Oxalate Complex Used for Printing Conductive Traces.

A solid silver – ligand complex, m-oxolato-bis(ethylenediaminesilver(I)) was developed for formulating particle-free conductive inks. The complex has approximately 47% silver content by weight and is soluble in ink-jet compatible polar solvents. Aqueous ink formulations for the inkjet printing was developed to print uniform films on glass and polyimide substrates. When cured, printed films comprising crystalline metallic silver was determined by XRD. Optimized curing conditions were found to be 120°C for less than five minutes, which may be compatible with high throughput printing. Cured films demonstrated better adhesion on polyimide substrates than on glass. This study has improved the state of the art material used for MOD inks and provided a method for printing on a variety of flexible electronic form factors

COVID-19 Policies & Their Impact on Housing and Health Outcomes in the City of Chicago

The COVID-19 mandates and policies that were implemented by both the state of Illinois and the City of Chicago, such as the eviction moratorium, dramatically improved health outcomes by alleviating the financial stress of many households. Discussing social determinants of health and evaluating the impact that each social determinant had on housing and health outcomes allows for an in-depth look at the overall concept of housing in Chicago and the health outcomes of low-income individuals. Comparing the housing laws in place before COVID-19 at the federal, state, and local levels allows for analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 policies and state mandates in response to the pandemic. This paper will discuss the positive and negative impact of these policies and executive orders on housing in Chicago. Thus, highlighting the future importance of affordable housing in Chicago and health outcomes

Cloud Computing and its Challenges

The term CLOUD means, In today’s world we cannot imagine our life without internet. The whole data is now shifting towards “cloud”. The term cloud (Common Location Independent Online Utility on Demand) computing explains how a “cloud” holds millions of data with safety and it provides data to users whenever it necessary. So the term cloud computing also explains the concept of virtualization. But with increasing its usage the threats with cloud computing also increasing, these issues like privacy, data handling, data stealing, etc. In this paper we are explaining the concept of identity based mRSA algorithm where our SEM server is never compromised and security issues are increased at great level. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150511

Perception of Lighting and Reflectance in Real and Synthetic Stimuli

The human visual system estimates the proportion of light reflected off of a surface despite variable lighting in a scene, a phenomenon known as lightness constancy. Classically, lightness constancy has been explained as a 'discounting' of the lighting intensity (Helmholtz, 1866), and this continues to be a common view today (e.g., Brainard & Maloney, 2011). However, Logvinenko and Maloney (2006) have made a radically different claim that the human visual system does not have any perceptual access to an estimation of lightness. The experiments described in Chapter 2 use a novel experimental paradigm to test this new theory proposed by Logvinenko and Maloney. We provide evidence against Logvinenko and Maloney's theory of lightness perception while adding to existing evidence that the visual system has good lightness constancy. In Chapter 3, we manipulate screen colour and texture cues to test the realism of computer-generated stimuli. We find that by matching the chromaticity of an LCD screen to the surrounding lighting and using a realistic texture, LCD screens can be made to appear similar to physical paper. Finally, Chapter 4 is an extension of the ideas from Chapter 3, in which the knowledge about how to adjust color and texture cues on an LCD monitor is applied to a lightness matching task. Here, the LCD screen is a small part of a larger physical setup. Additionally, levels of lightness constancy are compared across physical and simulated surfaces in the same novel experimental paradigm in Chapters 2 and 4. We find that physical and simulated surfaced elicit different levels of lightness constancy on the same task

A Selectivity based approach to Continuous Pattern Detection in Streaming Graphs

Cyber security is one of the most significant technical challenges in current times. Detecting adversarial activities, prevention of theft of intellectual properties and customer data is a high priority for corporations and government agencies around the world. Cyber defenders need to analyze massive-scale, high-resolution network flows to identify, categorize, and mitigate attacks involving networks spanning institutional and national boundaries. Many of the cyber attacks can be described as subgraph patterns, with prominent examples being insider infiltrations (path queries), denial of service (parallel paths) and malicious spreads (tree queries). This motivates us to explore subgraph matching on streaming graphs in a continuous setting. The novelty of our work lies in using the subgraph distributional statistics collected from the streaming graph to determine the query processing strategy. We introduce a "Lazy Search" algorithm where the search strategy is decided on a vertex-to-vertex basis depending on the likelihood of a match in the vertex neighborhood. We also propose a metric named "Relative Selectivity" that is used to select between different query processing strategies. Our experiments performed on real online news, network traffic stream and a synthetic social network benchmark demonstrate 10-100x speedups over selectivity agnostic approaches.Comment: in 18th International Conference on Extending Database Technology (EDBT) (2015