Effect of type of explosives and physical-mechanical properties of explosive rock on formation of toxic gases in atmosphere of shafts

The quality of toxic gases formed during explosive work in underground shafts depends upon the type of explosives and the conditions of explosion. Several types of explosives and rocks were examined. All remaining conditions were maintained the same (sandy-argillaceous stemming, electrical method of explosions, diameter of blast holes, and the direct triggering of charges)

Structural and topological analysis of electric energy consumption of municipalities as the basis for the development of the regional energy efficiency strategy

The amplifying polarization of the development of municipalities, the concentration of megalopolises' development possibilities and the decrease of potential of the development of small territories make it urgent to create tools for monitoring, estimating and forecasting of the electric energy consumption in order to develop the regional energy efficiency strategy, which will facilitate the sustainable development of municipalities. The paper gives the authors' definition of the energy efficiency of municipal units as the degree of real electric energy consumption compliance with the indicators of efficient energy consumption, along with providing comfortable habitation for the residents. The target indicators of municipal units' energy efficiency can be achieved by the efficient consumption and usage of electric energy. The authors carried out structural and topological analysis of electric energy consumption municipal units of the region, based on the sustainable development methodology. The formulated S-distributions of electric energy consumption of municipal units revealed a self-organization regularities in the region, which were reflected in municipal units' three-zone rating, formulated in accordance with electric energy consumption intensity. The results of the structural and topological analysis of electric energy consumption in absolute indicators and competitive speed indexes (intensity of electric energy consumption) are the basis for electric energy consumption forecasting of the region, as an integral structure formed by municipal units. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering;International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

From a forecasting methodology for the electric energy consumption of mono-towns to its sustainability

The need of Russia for a resource-innovative energy strategy for the period up to 2035 makes it urgent to create a methodology of strategic forecasting for the electric energy consumption of mono-towns, which will result in the efficient development of a power supply system, ensuring territories’ sustainability. For this purpose, it is necessary to consider a mono-town as a complete system, a living organism with a definite life cycle and structure of energy consumers. The authors offer a technocoenosis approach to carry out the ranking and structural analysis of the electric energy consumption of one of the Sverdlovsk region’s mono-towns, taking into account dynamics in population, enterprises, organizations and institutions for the period of 5 years. The provided analysis makes it possible to judge the technocoenosis optimality using characteristic exponent β, depending on the structural features of the territory. The authors developed an algorithm for electric energy consumption forecasting, based on Support Vector Machines (SVM), which takes into account the electric energy of mono-towns’ consumers and the climatic factors. Forecasting accuracy was achieved using cross-validation of the input data in order to optimize the training model. The corresponding changes in electric energy consumption, when a characteristic exponent is optimal, will result in a target forecast that provides the sustainable development of mono-towns. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Finite element modeling of multiple electrode submerged arc welding of large diameter pipes

For the process of multiple-electrode submerged arc welding (MESAW) of large- diameter pipes (LDP) a mathematical model has been developed with a numerical solution in the software product "SYSWELD". The paper defines the parameters of double ellipsoid model of heat sources by J. Goldak. Using regression analysis of experimental data empirical formulas for calculating geometrical parameters of heat sources model by J. Goldak and deposition rate were developed for welding with direct current on positive polarity and alternating current. The model allows to predict the shape of weld and to estimate analytically the cooling rate in the heat affected zone (HAZ). The developed model and its numerical solutions with sufficient accuracy for practical calculations reflect the process of longitudinal welding of LDP. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd

Experimental investigation of the high-temperature air heating effect on the model artificial gas combustion process

A description of the experimental rig is presented. The effect of combustion air high-temperature (up to 800?C) heating on the model artificial gas combustion process is described. The model artificial gas is a CO-N2 mixture. A comparison of the premixed and diffusion flame lower explosive limits is carried out. Experimental data are compared with open access published data of production of artificial gas-fired CCPP. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006

Efficient error correction and haplotypes reconstruction for deep sequencing of hepatitis c amplicons

Секция 1. Защита информации и компьютерный анализ данныхWe present two new highly efficient pyrosequencing error correction algorithms: (i) k-mer – based error correction (KEC); and (ii) empirical frequency threshold (ET). Both were compared to the recently published clustering algorithm SHORAH to evaluate the relative performance using 24 experimental datasets obtained by 454-sequencing of amplicons with known sequences. We found that all three algorithms showed similar performance in terms of finding true haplotypes, but KEC and ET methods significantly outperformed SHORAH both in terms of their ability to remove false haplotypes and to estimate the frequency of true ones

Raman and XANES Spectroscopic Study of the Influence of Coordination Atomic and Molecular Environments in Biomimetic Composite Materials Integrated with Dental Tissue

In this work, for the first time, the influence of the coordination environment as well as Ca and P atomic states on biomimetic composites integrated with dental tissue was investigated. Bioinspired dental composites were synthesised based on nanocrystalline calcium carbonate-substituted hydroxyap-atite (Formula presented) (nano-cHAp) obtained from a biogenic source and a set of po-lar amino acids that modelled the organic matrix. Biomimetic composites, as well as natural dental tissue samples, were investigated using Raman spectromicroscopy and synchrotron X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Molecular structure and energy structure studies revealed several important features related to the different calcium atomic environments. It was shown that biomimetic composites created in order to reproduce the physicochemical properties of dental tissue provide good imitation of molecular and electron energetic properties, including the carbonate anion CO32− and the atomic Ca/P ratio in nanocrystals. The features of the molecular structure of biomimetic composites are inherited from the nano-cHAp (to a greater extent) and the amino acid cocktail used for their creation, and are caused by the ratio between the mineral and organic components, which is similar to the composition of natural enamel and dentine. In this case, violation of the nano-cHAp stoichiometry, which is the mineral basis of the natural and bioinspired composites, as well as the inclusion of different molecular groups in the nano-cHAp lattice, do not affect the coordination environment of phosphorus atoms. The differences observed in the molecular and electron energetic structures of the natural enamel and dentine and the imitation of their properties by biomimetic materials are caused by rearrangement in the local environment of the calcium atoms in the HAp crystal lattice. The surface of the nano-cHAp crystals in the natural enamel and dentine involved in the formation of bonds with the organic matrix is character-ised by the coordination environment of the calcium atom, corresponding to its location in the CaI posi-tion—that is, bound through common oxygen atoms with PO4 tetrahedrons. At the same time, on the surface of nano-cHAp crystals in bioinspired dental materials, the calcium atom is characteristically lo-cated in the CaII position, bound to the hydroxyl OH group. The features detected in the atomic and molecular coordination environment in nano-cHAp play a fundamental role in recreating a biomimetic dental composite of the natural organomineral interaction in mineralised tissue and will help to find an optimal way to integrate the dental biocomposite with natural tissue. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.This work was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 21-75-10005; The access to scientific equipment and methodology was provided under support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, Agreement N 075-15-2021-1351

What factors determine the severity of hepatitis A‐related acute liver failure?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87020/1/j.1365-2893.2010.01410.x.pd