Vocabulary size influences spontaneous speech in native language users: Validating the use of automatic speech recognition in individual differences research

Previous research has shown that vocabulary size affects performance on laboratory word production tasks. Individuals who know many words show faster lexical access and retrieve more words belonging to pre-specified categories than individuals who know fewer words. The present study examined the relationship between receptive vocabulary size and speaking skills as assessed in a natural sentence production task. We asked whether measures derived from spontaneous responses to every-day questions correlate with the size of participants’ vocabulary. Moreover, we assessed the suitability of automatic speech recognition for the analysis of participants’ responses in complex language production data. We found that vocabulary size predicted indices of spontaneous speech: Individuals with a larger vocabulary produced more words and had a higher speech-silence ratio compared to individuals with a smaller vocabulary. Importantly, these relationships were reliably identified using manual and automated transcription methods. Taken together, our results suggest that spontaneous speech elicitation is a useful method to investigate natural language production and that automatic speech recognition can alleviate the burden of labor-intensive speech transcription

Coherent multicarrier lightwave technology for flexible capacity networks (invited)

Highly flexible and survivable networks can be built by allocating optical carriers of heterodyne systems. The basic features of heterodyne systems are reviewed, especially the use of multicarriers, tunability, and selectivity. Then specific application areas that may benefit from flexible multicarrier allocation schemes are discussed. Examples are taken from the RACE Phase II project R2065, coherent optical systems implemented for business traffic routing and access (COBRA). Next, trends and progress in heterodyne systems in general and related key components are summarized, and then examples of ongoing field trials in Europe are discussed. Finally, the coherent multicarrier technology are compared briefly with direct detection multiwavelength technolog

Early Performance of Duong Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) on Three Rootstock under Acid Sulfate Soil Fields at Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Abstract About 1.6 billion hectare area of acid sulfate soils is at Mekong Delta of Vietnam, and Duong mandarin fruits are valued for the fresh market due to the easy peeling, attractive flavor, and health and nutritional properties; thereby, the investigation on early performance of Duong mandarin on three rootstock under acid sulfate soil fields (pH below 4) at Mekong Delta of Vietnam was undertaken from 2009 to 2012 for determination of the most promising scion stock combination of Duong mandarin, which introduced to growers for expanding citrus production to increase in income of farmers, and helping to use the sustainable and efficient land resource at acid sulfate soil region of Mekong Delta. Primary results showed that Duong mandarin grafted on Mat orange, Tau lemon and Carrizo citrange were significant differenence in vegetative parameters, fruit yield and quality. It proved that Duong mandarin trees grafted on Tau lemon were better growth and development on acid sulfate soil fields with below 4 pH in soil and water suspension of 1:2.5 ratio) as compared to those grafted on Mat orange and Carrizo citrange rootstocks; whereby, that induced trees with 171.48 cm height, 6.65 m3 canopy volume and 51.84 mm trunk diameter, 1.08 scion/ stock ratio in third year after growing. Moreover, Duong mandarin trees grafted on Tau lemon were with spreading growth performance. In regarding to fruit yield and quality, Duong mandarin trees grafted on Tau lemon produced highest fruit yield of 9.21 kg per tree per year in third year after planting, and fruit with 115.30g weight, 8.85 brix juice, thinner and somewhat easy peel rind.

APLIKASI INTERFACE SPTOOLS MATLAB DALAM MENDESAIN IIR DAN FIR DIGITAL FILTER

This paper discusses examples of lowpass, highpass and bandpass by using a variet of filter design algorithm are available in Matlab for both IIR and FIR filter. Matlab provides different option for digital filter design, which include function call to filter algorithm and a graphical user interface called sptool interfacing

Analisis Perhitungan Struktur Bangunan Tahan Gempa dengan Kolam Renang Berdasarkan SNI 1726:2019

The needs of Indonesian people for places to live and work keeps increasing along with the improvement of its population growth. Unfortunately, the areas for developing buildings get decreasing. One of solution for overcoming this problem is by conducting vertical development such as building an apartment. Many apartments with various innovations have been developed by developers to attract consumers such as the existence of swimming pool on the top of building. However, this sort of vertical development plan is very prone to earthquake as Indonesia has high potential of it. This research analyzed the structural behavior of buildings with and without swimming pool. In addition, it analyzed the need of reinforcement for apartment building structure with swimming pool on the top of building toward the seismic load based on SNI 1726:2019. The analysis of seismic load employed spectrum response method. Meanwhile, the need of reinforcement was analyzed based on the plan of dual system by combining Special Moment Resisting Frame System and Special Structural Wall System. The control upon the structural behavior involved the provision of greater drift and period of building structure with swimming pool than without it. The results of research demonstrated that the need of reinforcement for both floor plate thicknesses was Ø10-100. The needs of beam reinforcement in the dimension 350/500 were 5D19 for pedestal area and 3D19 for ground area. Besides, column 750/750 required reinforcement 28D32, whereas the area of beam-column connections necessitated reinforcement 3 feet Ø16-100. The shear wall in 350 mm thick needed 2 rows reinforcement of 28D36. The wall of swimming pool planned in 150 mm thick required reinforcement Ø10-100. Furthermore, the plate for swimming pool base in 200 mm thick demanded reinforcement of Ø10-50 for pedestal area and Ø10-100 for ground area

Immune development of children born from Caesarean section

Several studies results have shown that mode of delivery affects the health of children, and recent studies showed that elective cesarean section (CS) is associated with aberrant short-term immune responses in the newborn baby and an increased risk of developing immune disorders. This article focused on the effect and role of the C-section on the immune development in children. Begin at pregnancy, the infant's immune system is activated and develops years after birth. In this article we find that cesarean delivery mode will influence the offspring's immune system by disrupting the intestinal tract's bacterial colonization, different levels of birth adaptive stress, and altering gene expression epigenetic regulation. Some studies have found that gut microbiome composition plays a significant role in the development of immune system along with other factors such as diet/lifestyle, antibiotic use, formula feeding, vaccination with life vaccine, and pathogen exposure. In early life, disrupted colonization induced dysbiosis that was associated with lower Bifidobacteria and higher counts of C. difficile. These findings are related to infant immune disease and allergy. Dysbiosis following C-section has a huge effect of developing altered immune system, and this microbiome imbalance can be controlled by nutritional support such as maternal breast milk or the use of different combinations of prebiotics and probiotics (synbiotic) which could be beneficial for the immune and metabolic system