Esthetic Management of Maxillary Midline Diastema (MMD) using Composite Restoration: A Case Report

Treatment of a Maxillary Midline Diastema (MMD) poses a challenge to the clinician, especially when time is a constraint. The use of composite resins provide a conservative approach with minimal tooth loss is less time consuming, and requires fewer dental visits. The present case report describes the closure of MMD in a patient using bulk filled composite resins with favourable results

To Assess the Level of IgG among Smokers: A Clinical Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulins shows a significant increase especially among smokers and gutka chewers.AIM: The present study aimed at estimation of immunoglobulins in smokers.MATERIALS & METHODS: The present study was conducted on 80 subjects and divided into two groups A and B where serum level was estimated by automated Nephelometry method.RESULTS: The mean level of IgG was 11.34 in group A and 5.89 in group B which was statsically significant (P< 0.05).CONCLUSION: The raised level of IgG in smokers as compared to control increase the possibility of detecting the lesions at early stages and act as alarming approach for many of the dentists

Tobacco Use and its Dental Implications: A Review

Use of tobacco can be attributed to oral diseases and disorders like oral cancer, periodontal disease, caries and gingival recession along with various other benign mucosal disorders as well as failure of implants. The need for specific attention is given to the impact of tobacco cessation on oral health outcomes. This review concluded that severe robust epidemiologic evidence exists for the adverse oral health effects of tobacco smoking and other types of tobacco use

Dentistry at the Nano Level: The Advent of Nanodentistry

One of the revolutions in the filed of dentistry is nanodentistry. It has the power to completely revolutionized the field of dentistry through use of nano particles that shall guide and help maintain one’s overall oral health. Painful procedures shall be a thing of the past as nanomaterials shall reduce pain during various dental procedures, help remineralise tooth and associated structures and help maintain oral hygiene. This review focusses on the various aspects of nanodentistry and how it can revolutionize dentistry

To Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Oral Hygiene Protocols Among Patients Having Orthodontic Treatment

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic treatment is widely acknowledged and accepted in everyday dental practice due to the positive effects it has on the dentofacial complex. Importance of oral hygiene in orthodontic patients is also important to prevent any further oral diseases.AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral hygiene protocols among patients having orthodontic treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 90 patients who had permanent dentition from the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics and various questions were asked regarding the knowledge, attitude and practice on oral hygiene during the time of orthodontic treatment. All the responses were analysed statistically.RESULTS: The results of the study showed that nearly 40% of the patients were unaware about gingival health, 65% did not follow the oral hygiene instruction. Despite being given instructions, most of them were reluctant in practicing them strictly.CONCLUSION: The knowledge, attitude, practice of oral hygiene among orthodontic patients were poor and showed the need of better education and motivation. Many factors may be responsible for the non-maintenance of gingival health practices. There is a need to incorporate and evaluate more intense oral hygiene programs in the future

The Prevalence of OSMF among Biscuit Factory Workers in Delhi NCR Region: A Cross-Sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: The consumption of tobacco and related products is on the rise and promotes various medical/oral conditions that leads to increased morbidity/mortality in people.AIM: To assess the prevalence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) among biscuit factory workers in Delhi NCR region, IndiaMATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 496 biscuit factory workers in Delhi NCR region, were interviewed and examined for OSMF and associated lesions with the help of a preformed, pre-tested questionnaire. The population was divided into four stratas according to age(≤34 years, 35- 44 years, 45-60 years and >60 years). Data was entered into Microsoft Excel. Descriptive statistics were applied and statistics (t-test) was done using SPSS 19.0.RESULTS: OSMF was observed in 173(34.9%)[ males 116 (23.4%), females 57(11.5%)] and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.02). The majority of subjects having OSMF (48, 27.8%) were seen in the age group of ≤34 years. Male: Female predilection was observed as 2.03CONCLUSION: Efforts and strategies need to be directed to reduce the overall consumption of tobacco and related products in both urban and rural areas

Teledentistry: A New Evolution in Dentistry

Teledentistry is a new field that combines telecommunication to advanced dental care. Most of the dentists are not aware about the goals, advantages of teledentistry and how it can be used to improve the delivery of oral healthcare and lower its costs. It also has the potential to eliminate the disparities in oral health care between rural and urban communities. In dentistry, it can be used by specialists in various branches and can serve the general dentist too. Some barriers still exist for teledentistry practice, which includes legal, educational and insurance issues. In spite of these barriers, telemedicine and teledentistry have showed tremendous growth in recent years . This article places emphasis on how teledentistry can be a cost effective answer to the dentists and their patients

Evaluating the use of Audio-Visual Aids in Knowledge Gained among Patients Visiting a Dental College in Greater Noida

INTRODUCTION: It is an important part of dentistry to inform and educate the patient about the dental procedure he/she is about to undergo and there are three main methods viz. audio, visual and audio-visual.AIM: To assess the knowledge gained through dental health education in a randomly assigned group before and after undergoing a Dental Procedure.METHODOLOGY: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study and were given a 12 item standardised questionnaire (pre-validated, pre-tested, responses based on likert scale) to assess their knowledge prior to the provision of oral health related knowledge. After this, they received an audio-visual based explanation (laptop presentation, model based and verbal explanation of the undergoing procedure and were again given a 21 item questionnaire to assess the changes in knowledge gained by the patients. Data was tabulated and the Chi Square test and Spearman’s Correlation were applied to find out significant associations, if any. Data was analysed using SPSS version 21.0.RESULTS: Post-explanation, significant differences were seen in knowledge gained (p=.024, r=.70) by the patients.CONCLUSION: Dentists are advised to use audio-visual aids for imparting knowledge regarding the dental procedure as it makes the patient more comfortable while undergoing the procedure

Preliminary analysis of Ku-Band rain fade data for earth-to-satellite path measured in Malaysia

The dynamic characteristics of rain fade slope are one of the important factors in the determination of the earth-to-space communication system availability. It is also useful in the design of the fade countermeasures. This paper investigates the rain fade slope which is one of the main features of fade dynamics with 0.1s, 0.5s, 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s sampling time intervals. The rain fade slope model proposed by the ITU-R was compared with the corresponding statistics obtained from rain attenuation data measured using MEASAT3 downlink at Ku-band in Malaysia during May 2010 – June 2011. Significant discrepancies have been observed between the measured fade slope data and that predicted by the ITU-R prediction model with different sampling time interval

Review of Erbium-doped fiber amplifier

Data communication systems are increasingly employing optical fiber communication systems (OFCS) as the transmission paths for information. Various types of optical amplifiers have been developed in OFCS to amplify optical signals. In particular, the Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is one example of an optical fiber amplifier that is widely known for use in amplifying optical signals. The most significant points in any optical amplifier design are gain and noise figure (NF). They are closely related to each other. Low NF and high gain are the main features for optimum amplifier (Desurvire, 1987). On the other hand, the gain and NF have very strong impact with EDFA’s configurations. Therefore, changes in EDFA’s configuration play very important role during the designing of optical amplifier. The literature shows that there is no study that has been done to review the EDF configuration. Therefore, in this paper we are presenting an overview of most of the EDFA’s configurations that have been proposed in order to provide the researchers with a clear view of what has been done in this field