11 research outputs found
Dental management of a patient with down syndrome: a case report and review of literature
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality which affects numerous organs, including the orofacial region. Patients with DS may not be cooperative during dental treatment, and in cases of complex treatment, it is necessary to use oral or inhaled sedation and/or general anesthesia, which represents safe and efficient treatment resources. This article reports a management of DS in a 7-year-old male patient who came to the Hospital of New Delhi with the chief complaint of pain in lower right back tooth region. Due to the uncooperative nature of the patient, dental treatment was done under general anesthesia in which multiple dental restoration and extraction were done
Morphological, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) Germplasms
The sweet potato is considered as an excellent source of β-carotene and anthocyanins and has a considerable value in the functional food market. In this report, 21 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) germplasms were evaluated for genetic diversity using morphological and biochemical and molecular markers. Ten morphological traits were studied, and the mean squares due to germplasm were highly significant for storage root number per plant, individual root weight, storage root (fresh) per plant, storage root (dry) per plant, storage root yield, and storage root length. UPGMA cluster analysis based on morphological traits separated the germplasm into three groups. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.00 to 0.50 with an average of 0.176. Biochemical analysis, viz. total phenol and antioxidant, was performed to find out superior genotype at biochemical level under given conditions. Maximum total phenol was observed in the genotype “V-12” (1.39 mg), whereas maximum total antioxidant was observed in “Samrat” (0.30 mg). RAPD analysis was carried out, and out of 15 RAPD primers, 10 primers produced 96 reproducible and polymorphic bands. UPGMA cluster analysis based on RAPD data also separated the genotypes into three clusters. The results of the present study can be used for sweet potato crop improvement through molecular breeding and marker-assisted selection for desired traits in future
Application of life cycle assessment in municipal solid waste management: A worldwide critical review
The whopping increase in solid waste generation all over the world calls for the development of waste
management strategies for a sustainable environment. By the quantification of environmental impacts,
life cycle assessment (LCA) tool can help in answering the call. It evaluates the environmental performance
of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system which helps decision-maker in selecting
the best management strategy with minimum impacts on the environment. But, up to what extent the
LCA methodology can be applied to MSWM systems? To address this question, the present study
analyzed the 153 LCA studies published till date since 2013 all over the world. The present study
analyzed the time evolution, geographical distribution, and methodology applied in LCA studies. It
summarized the use of the functional unit, LCA model, Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method,
MSWM options, and the critical findings of the selected LCAs, along with MSW composition, income
group, and the gaps in the application of the studies. For evaluating the dependence of publication of
studies and country's economic condition, the countries in which LCA studies were conducted are
classified into four groups on the basis of income level viz., lower income, lower middle income, upper
middle income, and higher income countries. In terms of technological coverage, 1 ton of MSW was the
most used functional unit. SimaPro was the majorly used LCA model while 56 of the total studies didn't
mention about the use of LCA model, only 66 of the total studies included sensitivity analysis in the
assessment. Integrated solid waste management was found to be the most preferred waste management
option. Also, a very limited number of studies have included life cycle costing and social aspects of
MSWM system. The results indicated that the majority of the LCA studies are based in Europe and Asia.
Shockingly, 178 out of the total countries in the world have not published a single LCA study on MSWM
since 2013. Also, it was found that the effect of increasing Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the publication
of LCA studies is irrelevant, possible reasons being the lack of data, time and economic constraints.
Establishment of environment-friendly policies and initiatives by the Government along with the
participation of public, non-government and private organizations through training courses and seminars
might help in improving the LCA applicability in the field of MSWM
A Tandem and Domino Protocol for Synthesis of Chromeno-, Pyrano- and Quinolinofused Spiro[pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-indolines]
Measuring and improving customer retention at authorised automobile workshops after free services.
Customer retention is vital for businesses with much research literature now available. But nothing has been investigated regarding measuring and improving customer retention at authorised automobile workshops after free services. Even after providing extensive warranties and other free service benefits, customers don’t use authorised workshops although their vehicles are still under warranty. By not arranging regular maintenance services, customers lose warranty benefits, with product performance and safety related awareness undermined; companies lose huge business potential. Therefore, this study aims to measure and improve customer retention at authorized automobile workshops after free services. To achieve this, a four-phased study has been conducted. In phase one, a combination of a literature review and expert opinions is used to identify customers’ retention factors. The second and third phases describe how data is collected from industry experts and customers. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Decision Making Trial & Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) are used to prioritise and examine inter-relationships among factors. In the last phase, the study recommends three business strategies to help a company to improve customer retention and make their Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) product more customer friendly.N
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Not AvailableViruses are obligate intracellular parasites; they heavily depend on the host cell machinery to effectively replicate
and produce new progeny virus particles. Following viral infection, diverse cell signaling pathways are
initiated by the cells, with the major goal of establishing an antiviral state. However, viruses have been shown to
exploit cellular signaling pathways for their own effective replication. Genome-wide siRNA screens have also
identified numerous host factors that either support (proviral) or inhibit (antiviral) virus replication. Some of the
host factors might be dispensable for the host but may be critical for virus replication; therefore such cellular
factors may serve as targets for development of antiviral therapeutics. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)
is a major cell signaling pathway that is known to be activated by diverse group of viruses. MAPK interacting
kinase 1 (MNK1) has been shown to regulate both cap-dependent and internal ribosomal entry sites (IRES)-
mediated mRNA translation. In this review we have discuss the role of MAPK in virus replication, particularly
the role of MNK1 in replication and translation of viral genNot Availabl
Not Available
Not AvailableA small molecule chemical inhibitor CGP57380 that blocks activation of MAPK interacting kinase 1 (MNK1) was
found to significantly suppress buffalopox virus (BPXV) replication. BPXV infection was shown to induce MNK1
activation. Depletion of MNK1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA), blocking activation of extracellular regulated
kinase (ERK, an upstream activator of MNK1) and disruption of eIF4E/eIF4G interaction (downstream substrate
of MNK1 which plays a central role in cap-dependent translation initiation), resulted in reduced BPXV replication,
suggesting that ERK/MNK1/eIF4E signaling is a prerequisite for BPXV replication. With the help of
time-of-addition and virus step-specific assays, CGP57380 treatment was shown to decrease synthesis of viral
genome (DNA). Disruption of ERK/MNK1/eIF4E signaling resulted in reduced synthesis of viral proteins, suggesting
that BPXV utilizes cap-dependent mechanism of translation initiation. Therefore, we concluded that
decreased synthesis of viral genome in presence of MNK1 inhibitor is the result of reduced synthesis of viral
proteins. Furthermore, BPXV was sequentially passaged (P=40) in presence of CGP57380 or vehicle control
(DMSO). As compared to P0 and P40-control viruses, P40-CGP57380 virus replicated at significantly higher
(∼10-fold) titers in presence of CGP57380, although a complete resistance could not be achieved. In a BPXV egg
infection model, CGP57380 was found to prevent development of pock lesions on chorioallantoic membrane
(CAM) as well as associated mortality of the embryonated chicken eggs. We for the first time demonstrated in
vitro and in ovo antiviral efficacy of CGP57380 against BPXV and identified that ERK/MNK1 signaling is a
prerequisite for synthesis of viral proteins. Our study also describes a rare report about generation of drugresistant
viral variants against a host-targeting antiviral agent.Not Availabl