Sin memoria no somos nadie

En humanos, los fármacos que tratan el déficit de la memoria solo han conseguido ralentizar su perdidad. Con el descubrimiento de la proteína RGS14 como potenciador de la memoria, se abre una nueva puerta para los enfermos de alzheimer y otra enfermedades neurológicas, y para la población ancian

Implication of GluR2 subunit of AMPA receptor in RGS14(414)-mediated memory enhancement

Ongoing quest for finding treatment against memory loss seen in aging and in many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, so far has been unsuccessful and memory enhancers are seen as a potential remedy against this brain dysfunction. Recently, we showed that gene corresponding to a protein called regulator of G-protein signaling 14 of 414 amino acids (RGS14414) is a robust memory enhancer (Lopez-Aranda et al. 2009: Science). RGS14414-treatment in area V2 of visual cortex caused memory enhancement to such extent that it converted short-term object recognition memory (ORM) of 45min into long lasting long-term memory that could be traced even after many months. Now, through targeting of multiple receptors and molecules known to be involved in memory processing, we found that GluR2 subunit of AMPA receptor might be key to memory enhancement in RGS-animals. RGS14-animals showed a progressive increase in GluR2 protein expression while processing an object information which reached to highest level after 60min of object exposure, a time period required for conversion of short-term ORM into long-term memory in our laboratory set up. Normal rats could retain an object information in brain for 45min (short-term) and not for 60min. However, RGS-treated rats are able to retain the same information for 24h or longer (long-term). Therefore, highest expression of GluR2 subunit seen at 60min suggests that this protein might be key in memory enhancement and conversion to long-term memory in RGS-animals. In addition, we will also discuss the implication of Hebbian plasticity and interaction of brain circuits in memory enhancement.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. This work was supported by project BFU2013-43458-R from MINECO, P12-CTS-1694 from JA

Castleman\u27s disease -- a rare disease of lymph nodes

Castleman\u27s disease is a rare disorder of unknown etiology and different clinical manifestations, occurring in young adults (usually prior to age 30 years). In this case report we present one such case who was a 16 years old male with abdominal pain, weight loss, cervical lymph adenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. Lymph node biopsy revealed hyaline-vascular type of Castleman\u27s disease. He was put on chemotherapy but was lost to follow-up

Role of RGS14(414) in object recognition memory and regulation of synaptic plasticity in perirhinal cortex

Participation of perirhinal and frontal cortices in processing of object recognition memory has long been recognized, however, recently our laboratory extended this to area V2 of visual cortex. We observed that RGS14414-mediated activation of area V2 neurons leads to an enormous increase in object recognition memory. This memory enhancement was of such extent that it converted short term memory of 45 minutes into long lasting long-term memory that could be traced even after many months. Here, we have tested the memory enhancer effect of RGS14414 in perirhinal cortex, an area intimately involved in processing of object memory. A relationship of behavioral performance of RGS14414-treated rats with electrophysiological synaptic plasticity was investigated. Stimulation of perirhinal cortex with RGS14414 produced an equally robust increase in object recognition memory as was observed in area V2. Further, we found that RGS14414-mediated activation of perirhinal cortex, (i) blocked the depotentiation induced by 1Hz stimulation during 10min; (ii) blocked the LTP induced by 20Hz stimulation while showed no effect at 100Hz stimulation; and (iii) reduced the LTD induced by the application of 20µM carbachol, a cholinergic receptor agonist, during 10min, however no effect was observed at a higher concentration (50µM). Furthermore, we also observed that phosphorylated isoforms of AMPA receptor 1 and 2 (iGluR1 & iGluR2) were significantly reduced. Thus, our results indicate that iGluRs reflects the level of synaptic plasticity (LTP and LTD) observed in RGS-animals but lack this correlation with enhanced memory behavior. This work was supported by projects from MINECO, Junta de Andalucía y NIH.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Giant Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in a Pakistani Patient

“Giant hyperplasia” of the prostate is a rare pathology of the prostate gland. We report one such case, in which a successful retropubic prostatectomy was performed on an elderly male patient in Pakistan. The weight of the resected prostate was 700 g, which is the eighth largest prostate with benign prostatic hyperplasia reported

ROLE OF RGS14 PROTEIN IN VISUALMEMORYAND THE REGULATION OF SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY IN PERIRHINAL CORTEX

Though the concept of participation of perirhinal cortex and frontal cortex in the processing of object memory has long been appreciated, but recently our laboratory extended this to area V2 of visual cortex. We found that activation of area V2 neurons by overexpression of RGS14 protein led to an enhancement of object recognition memory. The memory enhancement was of such extent that it converted the short term memory of 45 minutes into long lasting long-term memory that could be traced even after many months. Here, we have tested the memory enhancer effect of RGS14 in perirhinal cortex (PRh), an area known to be involved in object memory processing, and further explored the relationship of behavioral memory performance with synaptic plasticity within this area. Stimulation of PRh with RGS14 protein produced an equally robust increase in object memory as was observed in area V2. In addition, we found that RGS14-mediated activation of PRh, (i) blocked the depotentiation induced by 1Hz stimulation during 10min; (ii) blocked the LTP induced by 20Hz stimulation while showed no effect at 100Hz stimulation; and (iii) reduced the LTD induced by the application of 20 µM of carbachol, a cholinergic agonist, during 10min, however no effect was observed at a higher concentration (50 µM). Furthermore, we also observed that phosphorylated isoforms of AMPA receptor 1 (iGluR1) were significantly reduced. Thus, our results indicate that iGluR1 reflects the level of synaptic plasticity (LTP and LTD) observed in RGS-animals but lack this correlation in behavioral outcome. This work was supported by projects from MINECO, Junta de Andalucía y NIH.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech