Role of Effective Feed Back in Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Designing for Faculty Development

errors in multiple choice questions (MCQs) designing by the faculty members and to obtain need assessment feedback for faculty development for MCQ designing. Methods: In this study, all MCQs submitted by faculty members of Islamic International Medical College (IIMC) over a period of one year and three months from January 2009 to April 2010 were reviewed from time to time by the assessment committee. A total of 922 MCQs were reviewed. The reviews were compiled and analyzed to find out the frequency and types of errors made inadvertently in the structure and design of MCQs. Results: During the study period, the faculty members submitted a total of 922 MCQs. Spectrum of errors in MCQs ranged from spellings to complex questions to question cues. A total of 40% items qualified for being included in final assessment Conclusion: Review process is very important in improving the quality of items

Mechanical and Microstructural Analysis of Waste Ceramic Optimal Concrete Reinforced by Hybrid Fibers Materials: A Comprehensive Study

Combining different types of fibers inside a concrete mixture was revealed to improve the strength properties of cementitious matrices by monitoring crack initiation and propagation. The contribution of hybrid fibers needs to be thoroughly investigated, considering various parameters such as fibers type and content. The present study aims to carry out some mechanical and microstructural characteristics of Waste Ceramic Optimal Concrete (WOC) reinforced by hybrid fibers. Reinforcement materials consist of three different fiber types: hook-ended steel fiber (HK), crimped steel fiber (CR) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and the effect of their addition on the waste ceramic composites’ mechanical behaviour. Furthermore, a microstructural analysis was carried out to understand the waste ceramic matrix composition and its bonding to hybrid fibers. Results showed that the addition of hybrid fibers improved the strength characteristics of the ceramic waste composites. For instance, the existence of PVA-CR increased the tensile and flexural strength of the waste ceramic composite by 85.44% and 70.37%, respectively, with respect to the control sample (WOC). As well as hybrid fiber exhibits improved morphological properties as a result of increased pore filling with dense and compact structure, as well as increased C–H crystals and denser structure in pastes as a result of the incorporation of hybrid fibers into the concrete mix. The present experimental research shows the choice of using steel fiber with PVA as a reinforcement material. The idea of adding hybrid fiber is to prepare the economic, environmental, and technological concrete. Moreover, it offers a possibility for improving concrete’s durability, which is vital. Finally, it was concluded that steel fiber is more durable, and stiffer and provides adequate first crack strength and ultimate strength. In contrast, the PVA fiber is relatively flexible and improves the post-crack zone’s toughness and strain capacity

Literature survey about elements of manufacturing shop floor operation key performance indicators

In the era of globalisation, manufacturing industries are compelled to continuously monitor their manufacturing operations to maintain competitiveness. As a result, manufacturers have integrated several measurement models to inspect their manufacturing operations. These models comprise of a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), which are capable to enumerate the effectiveness, competence, efficiency and proficiency of manufacturing operations. This paper presents a review of manufacturing shop floor operation KPIs that has been studied in the recent literature. Based on the reviewed literature author proposes various KPI elements such as: description, category, scope, formula, unit of measure, range, trend, mode of display, viewers and manufacturing approach. These elements can help manufacturers to better describe, classify, analyze and measure the appropriate KPIs for their shop floor operations. Thus, enabling manufacturers to accomplish and uphold great quality, increased productivity and throughput

Manufacturing enhancement through reduction of cycle time using time-study statistical techniques in automotive industry

Within the complex and competitive automotive manufacturing industry, manufacturing Cycle Time (CT) remains one of the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Its reduction is of strategic importance as it contributes to time-to-market shortening, faster bottleneck detection, achieving throughput targets and improving production-resource scheduling. This paper presents a case study on CT analysis for early stage identification of the bottleneck stations and the processes in a manual assembly line that is responsible for increased manufacturing CT. The case study is conducted on an automotive seat manufacturing plant in the UK. For detailed CT analysis, CT of each station is recorded. Results of the case study shows that bottlenecks identification at an early stage can significantly enhance the overall performance of the production line

Influence of Natural Zeolite and Mineral additive on Bacterial Self-healing Concrete: A Review

With time, the development of micro-cracks in concrete is a frequently reported problem in the structures due to the ingress of harmful substances, leading to the degradation of its quality and strength, which ultimately declines the construction. The present work is a review paper based on enhancing the self-healing property of concrete by inducing different bacteria alone or incorporating different mineral additives. It has been seen that various rehabilitated methodologies are in queue to surmount concrete’s weaknesses and to increase its strength and durability. The latest methodology includes using non-pathogenic microbes in concrete as Microbial induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICCP). The property of precipitating calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystals by their metabolic activities helps repair the cracks in harsh conditions and improve their strength. Ureolytic bacteria like Bacillus pasteurii/Sporosarcina pasteurii, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, etc., have a specific property by which they can excite urea when integrated with a calcium source and help in sealing the cracks by CaCO3 precipitation. Different studies have observed that specimens having a bacterial concentration of 105-107 cells/ml with Natural Zeolite (NZ) replacement (10%) represents better interaction of the microstructure of concrete because of the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel. Further, the reduction in CH bond with reduced pore space has also been observed. NZ alone enhances micro-structural property, but it shows CaCo3 precipitation and more densification of microstructure under bacterial combination. XRD also confirms an increase in the calcite composition when the bacterial concentration of 105-107 cells/ml is used. The overall properties of standard and high-strength bacterial concrete (105-107 cells/ml) with 10% Natural Zeolite replacement can provide a better option for the future of sustained and strong concrete. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-015 Full Text: PD

Razina imunoglobulina u odnosu na neonatalnu smrtnost janjadi pak- karakul ovaca.

The study was conducted on 85 neonatals of Pak-Karakul sheep at the Sheep and Goat Development Centre, Rakh Khairewala, District Layyah, Pakistan, with the aim of assessing the relationship of immunoglobulins to neonatal lamb mortality. Overall mortality in neonates was 8.24%. Surviving lambs (3.77±0.07 kg) were significantly (P<0.001) heavier than those that died during the neonatal period (2.79±0.018 kg). Males were significantly (P<0.05) heavier than females (3.84±0.11 vs. 3.52±0.09 kg). The lambs that survived the neonatal period had a significantly (P<0.001) higher level of immunoglobulins (30.89±0.87 ZST units) than those that died (7.08±1.99 ZST units). The mean total serum protein values for surviving and dead lambs, using a refractometer, were 78.51±1.86 and 47.14±4.84 g/l, respectively. The turbidity values below 10 ZST units and total serum protein level below 50 g/l may be considered as an indication of hypogammaglobulinemia and consequently an increased susceptibility to diseases and subsequent deaths.Istraživanje je provedeno na 85 novorođenčadi pak-karakul ovaca u Sheep and Goat Development Centru u Rakh Khairewala, u području Layyah u Pakistanu, s ciljem procjene odnosa imunoglobulina i neonatalne smrtnosti janjadi. Ukupna smrtnost novorođenčadi je bila 8,24%. Janjad koja je preživjela (3,77±0,07 kg) imala je značajno (P<0,001) veću masu od one koja je uginula u neonatalnom razdoblju (2,79±0,018 kg). Masa mužjaka bila je značajno (P<0,05) veća od mase ženki (3,84±0,11 prema 3,52±0,09 kg). Janjci koji su preživjeli neonatalno razdoblje imali su značajno (P<0,001) višu razinu imunoglobulina (30,89±0,87 ZST jedinica) od onih koji su uginuli (7,08±1,99 ZST jedinica). Prosječne vrijednosti ukupnih serumskih proteina preživjelih i uginulih janjaca, mjerene refraktometrom, bile su 78,51±1,86 odnosno 47,14±4,84 g/l. Vrijednosti za turbiditet ispod10 ZST jedinica i za ukupne serumske proteine ispod 50 g/l mogu se smatrati indikacijom hipogamaglobulinemije i posljedične povećane prijemljivosti za bolesti i smrtnost

Body Dysmorphic Disorder: a Comprehensive Review

DergiPark: 889274tmsjBody dysmorphic disorder is psychiatric morbidity that comes under the spectrum of obsessive-compulsive disorders. Individuals suffering from body dys- morphic disorder are incredibly concerned about their minor or so-called defects to such an extent that their lives may be affected drastically. As a result of continuously thinking about the asserted defect, the individuals end up suffering from major depression, anxiety, and self-harm. Diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder is based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition criteria. The management of body dysmorphic disorder consists of psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions. Body dysmorphic disorder is a hidden disorder and is often under-reported. It has been linked to muscle dysmorphia, substance abuse, and major depressive disorder. The lack of studies in different countries and populations has made this a topic that requires sub- stantial input from researchers

Magnetic field dependent viscous fluid-flow between squeezing plates with homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions

The impacts of magnetic field dependent viscous fluid is explored between squeezing plates in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. The unsteady constitutive equations of heat and mass transfers, modified Navier-Stokes, magnetic field and homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions are coupled as an system of ODE. The appropriate solutions are established for the vertical and axial induced magnetic field equations for the transformed and momentum as well as for the MHD pressure and torque exerted on the upper plate, and are in details. In the case of a smooth plate, the self-similar equation with acceptable starting assumptions and auxiliary parameters is solved by utilising a homotopy analytics method, to generate an algorithm with fast and guaranteed convergence. By comparing homotopy analytics method solutions with BVP4c numerical solver packaging, the validity and correctness of the homotopy analytics method findings are demonstrated. Magnetic Reynolds number have been shown to cause to decrease the distribution of magnetic field, fluid temperature, axial and tangential velocity. The magnetic field also has vertical and axial components with increasing viscosity. The applications of the investigation include car magneto-rheological shock absorbers, modern aircraft landing gear systems, procedures for heating or cooling, biological sensor systems, and bio-prothesis, etc

Geochemistry and Petrographical Study of Langrial Iron Ore from Tethyan Hazara Area Pakistan, with Emphasis on its Economic Characterization and Depositional Setting

The Langrial iron ore of Hazara area has been studied in detail at five locations for its geochemistry, genesis and economic potential investigations. A maximum of thirty samples were collected from iron ore bodies at different localities of Bagnotar, Danna Noral, Tatti Maira, Najafpur and Jabri for detailed analysis. The thick bedded iron ore has been deposited in the form of unconformity at Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary sandwiched between Kawagarh and Hangu formations (i.e. Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary). At the base of Hangu Formation variable thickness of these lateritic beds spread throughout the Hazara and Kohat-Potwar plateau. These iron ore bodies are studied by X-Ray Diffraction technique (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF), Petrographic studies and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). This XRD analysis indicated that iron bearing minerals are hematite with intercalation of chamosite, quartz and a proportion of impurities having albite, illite-montmorillonite, kaolinite, calcite, dolomite and ankerite. The X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) results show that total Fe2O3 ranges from 30 to 50% having high silica, while alumina to silica ratio is less than 1. The petroghraphic studies revealed concentration of Langrial iron beds as oolitic hematite nodule having variable concentric to composite structure. A high energy shallow marine depositional environment was deduced for Langrial iron ore, as inferred from SEM and mineralogical data. The overall results show that Langrial iron ore is a low-grade iron ore with average Fe2O3 of 52%, and can be upgraded by applying modern mining techniques to fulfill steel requirements of the country