Diasporic Consciousness in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Fiction

Jhumpa Lahiri has faithfully converted her experiences as an expatriate Indian writer in her literary works- novels and short stories. Identity crisis, sense of displacement and alienation are some of the common experiences that have been shared by the first generation and the second-generation immigrants. But the identity crisis and the issues faced by both generation immigrants differ from each other. The former is still tied to its roots and is more or less baffled by the American experience. They still consider India as their homeland and are bound to its culture and traditions. The later faces a new crisis as the culture at their home widely differs from that of the society around them. They constantly have to negotiate and make adjustments between the two worlds. The present article attempts to analyse the dilemma and crisis faced by both generations of immigrants as well as their hopes and expectations in an alien land

Victimization of Women in the Writings of Saadat Hasan Manto

Saadat Hasan Manto is considered as a great artisan of short stories and an analyst of human passion and social hypocrisy. He surpassed his time and nationality through the sensitive portrayals of human tragedy. His stories are beyond the limits of nationalistic borders and ages. The partition of the subcontinent witnessed the most gory and gruesome violence against women. The country, which considers a woman as goddess saw their victimization openly. The great divide of India and Pakistan blemished the essence of womankind. Large number of people became the witness of partition but women were the most victimized of all. During the communal riot, woman’s body became a cultural symbol, and a territory to be conquered and dishonouring it became the symbol of dishonouring the entire community. Saadat Hasan Manto’s stories have projected how women were victimized and denigrated as mere territory. Being a Progressive writer, Manto has displayed women`s oppression in a patriarchal society

Censorship and literature

In this digital age, where we are in a free and democratic society, we have a long history of literary censorship. In an age of unparalleled freedom and free exchange of ideas, free speech faces a grave threat from intolerant religious and cultural groups Censorship in the 20th and 21st century is not as it was practiced in middle-ages imposed by the state machinery, but it is more of a systematic silencing. The present paper discusses the need for artistic freedom, how the artist/ writer must be free to create his own creative world without being bothered by the social norms and standards

Assessment of On-going tectonic deformation in the Goriganga River Basin, Eastern Kumaon Himalaya Using Geospatial Technology

The Goriganga river basin lies in the Northeast Kumaon Himalaya and is found suitable for assessing active tectonics at different scales. In addition, this study focuses on the assessment of ongoing tectonic activity through morphotectonic measurement of the Goriganga river basin, which is an ideal location for such analysis and Goriganga river basin transects with three major domains of Himalaya’s lithotectonic structures viz., Tethys, Vaikrita, and Lesser Himalayan Domain. To realize this task, the ASTER Digital Elevation Model was used and found suitable to extract different morphotectonic indices such as Stream Length Gradient (SL), Hypsometric Integral (HI), Length of Overland Flow (Lg), Drainage Density (Dd) and Channel Sinuosity (Cs).  Results of these important indices, including SL (18- 4737) HI (0.26- 0.57), and Lg (0.08- 0.19) depict greater variability in the tectonics activity while these values are correspondingly high in the close proximity of lithotectonic units, showing strong tectonic activity. In the extreme south, the Rauntis Gad basin strongly influences tectonism due to transecting syncline and anticline as well as unknown active faults.

The clinical efficacy of oral P2Y12 inhibitor antiplatelet therapies during an acute myocardial infarction in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Introduction: In patients who present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), primary percutaneous coronary intervention and the administration of dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus a P2Y12 inhibitor) are recommended. This thesis aimed to determine the extent to which oral P2Y12 inhibitors (clopidogrel/prasugrel/ticagrelor) exert their antiplatelet effect during the acute phase of a STEMI compared to non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods: The degree and time-course of platelet inhibition following oral administration of P2Y12 inhibitors was determined in 87 patients from their pharmacokinetic (plasma concentration) and pharmacodynamic (degree of platelet inhibition) profiles at 20 minutes, balloon inflation, 60 and 240 minutes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, VerifyNow and VASP-phosphorylation assays. Results: In STEMI patients, oral P2Y12 inhibitors do not provide adequate levels of platelet inhibition at the time of angioplasty and have a limited effect at 240 minutes. The NSTEMI group displayed a marked and rapid antiplatelet effect at all time points. A significant difference in the acute efficacy of oral P2Y12 inhibitors in STEMI vs NSTEMI patients (p < 0.001) was seen. Conclusion: Oral P2Y12 inhibitors display delayed and attenuated antiplatelet effects in STEMI patients in the immediate period following administration of a loading dose when compared with NSTEMI patients

A Convenient Approach for the Synthesis of Ingenous Imidazole Derivatives Using Microwaves

Imidazole  is  a  planar, five  membered  heteroaromatic  molecule  with  pyrrole  type  and  pyridine  type  annular  nitrogens.  It  is  the  constituent  of  several natural  compounds  like histamine,  histidine,  biotin,  alkaloids  and  nucleic acid  and  a  very  important  class  among  the  medicinal  compounds. Imidazole  moiety  has  been  established  as  the  potential  entity  in  the  large  growing  chemical  world  of  heterocyclic  compounds  possessing  promising  pharmacological  characterstics,  therefore  this  article  aims  to review  the  work  reported  on  the  synthesis  of  imidazole  derivatives  using microwave  reactions  as  a  modern  method  for  synthesis,  to  get  better yield,  economic  and  environment  friendly  reaction. Keywords:  Heterocycle,  Imidazole  ,  Microwave Techniques,  Green Chemistry, Ecofriendl

Therapeutic Approaches of Some Novel Glyoxaline Derivatives

Gloxaline have occupied a unique position in heterocyclic chemistry, and its derivatives have attracted considerable interests in recent years for their versatile properties in chemistry and pharmacology. Gloxaline is nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which possesses biological and pharmaceutical importance. Thus, Gloxaline compounds have been an interesting source for researchers for more than a century.   The Gloxaline ring is a constituent of several important natural products, including purine, histamine, histidine, and nucleic acid. Being a polar and ionisable aromatic compound, it improves pharmacokinetic characteristics of lead molecules and thus is used as a remedy to optimize solubility and bioavailability parameters of proposed poorly soluble lead molecules. There are several methods used for the synthesis of gloxaline -containing compounds, and also their various structure reactions offer enormous scope in the field of medicinal chemistry. The Gloxaline derivatives possess extensive spectrum of biological activities such as antibacterial, anticancer, antitubercular, antifungal, analgesic, and anti-HIV activities. This paper aims to review the biological activities of gloxaline during the past years

EXPLORING THE BARRIERS TO FEMALE-LITERACY FROM PARENTS AND TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE: A REVIEW STUDY OF SCATTERED LITERATURE

The article was a review study. This is an approach which allows the researcher to understand the phenomenon in depth (Karamustafaoglu, 2009). The researchers have adopted the literature review approach to investigate the problem in depth. The structures of literature have been analyzed through the handbooks mostly in the field of teacher education on literacy terms. This was a review study about exploring barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective. This was linked to the current literature in understanding about the phenomenon which was investigated. This study, therefore, relied on different kinds of literature such as published articles, theses and, books. Majority of them were obtained from research databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar. Namamba and Rao (2017), and Manzar-Abbas and Lu (2013) followed the same method of review in conducting their review studies. In order to obtain relevant literature, search words such as “barriers to literacy” and “parents and teachers’ perspective” were used. In addition, books on teacher education were also consulted. All the obtained literature was summarized according to the search words of the study. All the obtained literature was cited properly in text and in the list. This allowed the researchers to extract and incorporate key information about exploring barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective into this article. The studies drawn in this review article reflect the learning about barriers to literacy from parents and teachers’ perspective in diverse directions.  Article visualizations

Preparation of Nano-Particles and Their Applications in Adsorption

The nano-technologies and nano-materials draw incredible consideration in recent years. Nano-particles are the particles having size ranging from 1 to 100 nm. The nano-particles are usually categorized into different classes, and their classification is based on size, shape, material production, and dimension. They show superior properties, i.e., enhanced reactivity, high BET surface area, sensitiveness, and steadiness as compared to their bulk materials. In this chapter, different approaches of synthesizing nano-particles, including sol gel, chemical vapor deposition, and biosynthesis are talked over. In the treatment of wastewater, nano-particles offer a possibility for effective adsorption of contaminants organic as well as inorganic. This chapter presents an overview on nano-particles, their types, characteristics, synthetic approaches, and applications in the field of surface chemistry

STEC-HUS; Unusual presentation in an elderly female

Background: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a multisystem disease presenting as renal impairment, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and thrombocytopenia with a peak incidence of 2.1 cases per 100,000 persons/year in general population. Case Description: 81-year-old female with history of Diabetes, presented to us with non-bloody emesis and loose stools. Labs on admission were significant for WBC 17000, Hb 12.5, PLT 241, BUN 74, Cr 8.9 and Lactate 12. She was admitted for severe metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure attributed to metformin use and undifferentiated shock. Patient developed acute worsening of respiratory status due to increasing acidosis requiring intubation. Bicarbonate infusion was started however patient had to undergo emergent dialysis for refractory acidosis. On 3rd day of admission patient developed dysentery which led to Hb drop to 7.1 and platelets to 96. Peripheral smear revealed thrombocytopenia and schistocytes. GI panel was positive for ETEC, EIEC, Shigella toxin producing E. coli (STEC) and Campylobacter. Diagnosis of STEC-HUS was made. Patient was supportively managed with fluid resuscitation, pressors, antibiotics, hemodialysis and transfusions. She demonstrated significant improvement, attained hemodynamical stability off pressors and was eventually extubated. Patient was discharged few days later at her baseline health. Conclusion: It is challenging to diagnose STEC-HUS in older patients as the prevalence is higher in children and adults present with higher hemoglobin and fibrinogen levels. However, we emphasize on considering it as a differential diagnosis especially in elderly presenting with acute renal failure and history of gastroenteritis