Gallic acid

Anhydrous 3,4,5-trihy­droxy­benzoic acid, C7H6O5, is essentially planar, with its non-H atoms exhibiting mean and maximum deviations from coplanarity of 0.014 and 0.0377 (5) Å, respectively. The C—C—C—OH torsion angle about the bond linking the carboxyl group to the benzene ring is −0.33 (10)°. In the crystal, the –COOH groups form centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded cyclic dimers [graph set R 2 2(8)] and the phenolic –OH groups participate in both intra- and inter­molecular hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network structure

Inhibition of iNOS induction and nf-κΒ activation by taste compounds from the edible mushroom tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) ricken

© 2019 ACG Publications. All rights reserved. Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken is an edible mushroom that belongs to matsutake group. The first chemical investigation of the three different extracts of Tricholoma caligatum resulted in two new compounds, 8-demethoxylascivol (1) and 8-epi-lascivol (2) and six known compounds, lascivol (3), trametenolic acid (4), ergosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), 5α, 6α-epoxyergosterol (7), and cerebroside B (8). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR data. The biological activities of all the compounds were evaluated toward multiple targets related to inflammation and metabolic disorder such as NF-κΒ, iNOS and ROS. The findings of this study reveal that the edible mushroom Tricholoma caligatum could be a potential source for anti-inflammatory bioactive metabolites

Phytochemical investigation of Striga asiatica

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Ahmed Elbermawi, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2022/1006/thumbnail.jp

Potential utility of natural products as regulators of breast cancer-associated aromatase promoters

Aromatase, the key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis, converts androstenedione to estrone and testosterone to estradiol. The enzyme is expressed in various tissues such as ovary, placenta, bone, brain, skin, and adipose tissue. Aromatase enzyme is encoded by a single gene CYP 19A1 and its expression is controlled by tissue-specific promoters. Aromatase mRNA is primarily transcribed from promoter I.4 in normal breast tissue and physiological levels of aromatase are found in breast adipose stromal fibroblasts. Under the conditions of breast cancer, as a result of the activation of a distinct set of aromatase promoters (I.3, II, and I.7) aromatase expression is enhanced leading to local overproduction of estrogen that promotes breast cancer. Aromatase is considered as a potential target for endocrine treatment of breast cancer but due to nonspecific reduction of aromatase activity in other tissues, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are associated with undesirable side effects such as bone loss, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Inhibition of aromatase expression by inactivating breast tumor-specific aromatase promoters can selectively block estrogen production at the tumor site. Although several synthetic chemical compounds and nuclear receptor ligands are known to inhibit the activity of the tumor-specific aromatase promoters, further development of more specific and efficacious drugs without adverse effects is still warranted. Plants are rich in chemopreventive agents that have a great potential to be used in chemotherapy for hormone dependent breast cancer which could serve as a source for natural AIs. In this brief review, we summarize the studies on phytochemicals such as biochanin A, genistein, quercetin, isoliquiritigenin, resveratrol, and grape seed extracts related to their effect on the activation of breast cancer-associated aromatase promoters and discuss their aromatase inhibitory potential to be used as safer chemotherapeutic agents for specific hormone-dependent breast cancer

Neo-clerodanes from Teucrium divaricatum and their potential antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activities

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Fadime Aydoğan, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2022/1000/thumbnail.jp

Chemical Analysis and Biological Activities of Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl. Essential Oil

Genus Salvia is one of important genera belonging to family lamiaceae. Most of reported biological activities of Salvia usually attributed to its volatile oil. The chemical composition of essential oil from Salvia lavandulifolia was analyzed by GC/MS. A total of sixty seven components were identified in the oil of S. lavandulifolia representing 95.78% of the total oil. β-caryophyllene (11.87%), spathulenol (8.13%), neomenthol (7.75%), pulegone (6.97%), hexadecanoic acid (6.85%), germacrene-D (5.70%), bicyclogermacrene (4.53%), caryophyllene oxide (3.97%) and humulene (3.29%) were found to be the major constituents. The oil showed no antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities in a concentration up to 200 and20 µg/mL, respectively. It displayed a weak antimalarial activity (47 % inhibition) against P. flaciparium.The oil exhibited anti-inflammatory activity adopting iNOS inhibition assay with IC50of 30 µg/mL, but there is no cytotoxicity demonstrated by the oil at tested concentration of 100 µg/mL. Keywords: S. lavandulifolia, essential oil, antimalaria, antimicrobial, antiinflammtory, anticancer

R11. Challenges and future directions of potential natural products leads against 2019-nCoV outbreak

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Mohamed A. Ibrahim, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters/1010/thumbnail.jp

Biological and Phytochemical Studies on Six Astragalus Taxa from Anatolia

Corresponding author (NCNPR): Fadime Aydoğan, [email protected]://egrove.olemiss.edu/pharm_annual_posters_2022/1001/thumbnail.jp

Hoodigogenin A from Hoodia gordonii

The title mol­ecule (systematic name: 12-O-β-tigloyl-3β,14β-dihydroxy­pregn-5-en-20-one), C26H38O5, isolated from aerial parts of Hoodia gordonii, has its steroid A and C rings in chair conformations, its B ring in a half-chair conformation, and its five-membered ring in an envelope conformation. The OH group at the C/D ring junction forms an intra­molecular hydrogen bond with the keto substituent. The OH group on the A ring forms an inter­molecular hydrogen bond with the tiglate C=O group, propagating [010] chains in the crystal structure