Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (ESBL) üreten ve üretmeyen klebsiella pneumoniae kökenlerinde plazmid profillerinin saptanması ve antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçları ile ilişkisinin araştırılması

ÖZETBu çalışmada Marmara Üniversitesi Hastanesi Yoğun Bakım, Çocuk Cerrahisi, Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon, Kadın Doğum, Ortopedi, Yeni Doğan, Genel Cerrahi, Plastik Cerrahi ve Nöroşirürji servislerinde yatmakta olan hastalardan izole edilen 38 Klebsiella pneumoniae kökeni incelemeye alınmıştır.Kökenlerin seftazidim, sefotaksim ve aztronam gibi beta-laktamlara ve amikasin, gentamisin streptomisin'e karşı MİK (mg/ml) değerleri mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile saptanmıştır. Ayrıca tetrasiklin ve trimetoprim sülfametoksazol'e duyarlılıklar, disk difüzyon yöntemi ile saptanmıştır.Kökenlerin 16'sı (%42,1) ESBL (genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz) pozitif bulunurken, 22(%57,9) ESBL negatif olarak değerlendirilmiştir.ESBL (genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz) üreten ve üretmeyen kökenlerin plazmid içeriği modifiye fenol-kloroform yöntemi ile araştırılmış ve 15 ayrı profil elde edilmiştir. Kökenlerin %92,1'inde büyük plazmidlere (>20Kb) rastlanırken, %7,9'unda hiç plazmid bandı görülmemiştir. Kökenlerin 35'i en fazla 5(%2,8), en az 1 (%68,6) plazmid taşımaktadır. Aminoglikozidlerle elde ettiğimiz antibiyotik duyarlılık profiline bakarak kökenlerin %13,2'si amikasine dirençli ve orta derece duyarlı iken, kökenlerin %29'u gentamisine ve %36,8'i streptomisine dirençli veya orta derece duyarlı bulunmuştur.Kökenlerin %29'u trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol dirençli iken, %42,1'i tetrasikline dirençli bulunmuştur.Kökenlerin plazmid profilleri ile antibiyotik duyarlılık paternleri arasında bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.ESBL üretmeyen kökenlerin %90,9'unda büyük plazmidlerin bulunması, bu tür bakterilerin hastane ortamında direnç geliştirme ve yaymasında potansiyellerinin iyi olduğunun göstergesidir. SUMMARYIn this study, 38 nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from patients in the Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Surgery, Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Orthopedics, General Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Neurosurgery Departments of Marmara University Hospital were examined.MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values were determined by microdilution test for the following antibiotics: ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam, amikacin, gentamicin and streptomycin. Susceptibility to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfametoxasole was determined by disc diffusion method. ESBL producing strains were detected by double disc diffusion method.Sixteen (42,1%) strains strains were found to be ESBL (extended spectrum beta-lactamase) positive, while 22 (57,9%) were ESBL negative.The strains' plasmid contents were investigated by a modified phenol-chloroform method and 15 different profiles were obtained. 35 (92,1%) of the strains were found to contain large plasmids (>20Kb) while only 3 (7,9%) had displayed no plasmid bands on jel electrophoresis. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles obtained by aminoglycosides were as follows: %13,2 of the strains were resistant or intermediate to amikacin while 29% and %36,8 of the strains were resistant or intermediate to gentamicin and streptomycin respectively.Twentynine percent of the strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole while %42,1 were resistant to tetracycline.The plasmid profiles of the strains were not found to be associated with antibiotic susceptibility patterns.Ninetyone percent of the ESBL negative strains contained large plasmids, such strains can be said to have a good potential to aquire resistance to broad spectrum beta-lactams and other antibiotics

The Effect of Regular Moderate Exercise on miRNA-192 Expression Changes in Kidney of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the regular moderate exercise effect on the miR-192 expression changes in kidney of Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 10, including Sedentary Control group, Healthy 60 days Exercise group, diabetic group and Diabetic 60 days Exercise. Diabetes was induced by injection of 60 mg/kg Streptozotocin and after 48 hour blood glucose levels higher than 250 mg/dl were included to diabetic rats. After 48 hour of induction diabetes, exercise protocol was begun. Animals performed 5 days of consecutive treadmill exercise (60 min/day) with 22 m/min speeds for 60 days. Kidney of the rats has removed and MicroRNA was extracted from kidney using miRCURYTM RNA isolation kit. Results: Exercise upregulated miR-192 expression level significantly in the kidney of diabetic rats in comparison to healthy group. There is not any significant change in miR-192 expression in diabetic 60 days exercise compared to control group. Conclusion: These results may indicate that exercise can help to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy

Terminalia Catappa Extract (TCE) Reduces Proliferation Of Lung And Breast Cancer Cell By Modulating miR-21 And miR-34a Expressions

After cardiovascular illness, cancer is the one of the main and second cause of death in the worldwide. Despite significant advances in this field, low survival, drug resistance, and side effects of chemotherapy remain an unsolved problem. Due to the high mortality rate among cancer patients, finding the new substance to treatment with low side effects is important. Previous studies have been informed that positive effects of herbal medicines on cancer patients, which are very efficient in the treatment of cancer. Methods: In this study, the antitumor effect of ethanolic Terminalia catappa leaf extract (TCE) on MCF-7, MDA-231, and A549 cell lines was examined. For this reason, the effects of TCE on cell migration, gene expression, and growth were investigated by scratch, test, real-time PCR (qPCR) qPCR, and MTT tests respectively. Results: As a reported by the MTT outcomes, TCE significantly decreased the viability of A549, MCF-7, and MDA-231 cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, genes expression patterns that are related to proliferation (miR-21, miR-34a), migration (MMP-13, Vimentin), and apoptosis (Cas-3, Cas-8, Cas-9, Bcl-2, Bax) also have changed significantly after treatment with TCE. Also, in the A549 cell line, Bax (p value: 0.029), Cas-9 (p value: 0.00023), miR-34a (p value: 0.031), Bcl-2 (p value: 0.0076), MMP-13 (p value: 0.041), Cas-3 (p value: 0.00051) and in MCF-7 cell line Bax (p value: 0.0004), Cas-3 (p value: 0.0003), Cas-9(p value: 0.037), miR-34a (p value: 0.005), Bcl-2(pvalue:0.0007), mir-21(p value:0.016), MMP-13(p value: 0.011) and in MDA-231 cell line Bax(p value<0.0001), Cas-3(p value: 0.003), Cas-9(p value: 0.0004). mir-34a (p value:0.0019), Bcl-2(p value:0.0023), MMP-13(p value: 0.032) have significantly changed compare to control group. Conclusion: The outcomes of this research determined that T. Catappa might be a potential source of antitumor compounds and could be a candidate for further research. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.This study was supported by a grant from research deputy of Department of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, University Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Complementing the pulp proteome via sampling with a picosecond infrared laser (PIRL)

Objectives!#!The aim of this investigation was the detailed analysis of the human pulp proteome using the new picosecond infrared laser (PIRL)-based sampling technique, which is based on a completely different mechanism compared to mechanical sampling. Proteome analysis of healthy pulp can provide data to define changes in the proteome associated with dental disease.!##!Material and methods!#!Immediately after extraction of the entire, undamaged tooth, 15 wisdom teeth were deep frozen in liquid nitrogen and preserved at -80°C. Teeth were crushed, and the excised frozen pulps were conditioned for further analysis. The pulps were sampled using PIRL, and the aspirates digested with trypsin and analyzed with mass spectrometry. Pulp proteins were categorized according to their gene ontology terminus. Proteins identified exclusively in this study were searched in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for gaining information about the main known localization and function.!##!Results!#!A total of 1348 proteins were identified in this study. The comparison with prior studies showed a match of 72%. Twenty-eight percent of the proteins were identified exclusively in this study. Considering HPA, almost half of these proteins were assigned to tissues that could be pulp specific.!##!Conclusion!#!PIRL is releasing proteins from the dental pulp which are not dissolved by conventional sampling techniques. Clinical Relevance The presented data extend current knowledge on dental pulp proteomics in healthy teeth and can serve as a reference for studies on pulp proteomics in dental disease

Two-stage optimal risk management of large electricity consumer using second-order stochastic dominance

Various energy consumers, such as large energy consumers (LEC), are targeted to procure the demanded energy from various power markets such as the pool market and different energy resources, including renewable energy resources (RES), and conventional energy resources optimize the traded energy. In this article, a novel decision-making framework is proposed to schedule the LEC. The proposed technique in this article is based on the second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) to investigate the uncertainty in the total operation cost of the LEC. It is assumed that the market price, pool price, electricity load, and the power output of renewable energy sources (RES), including PV and WT, are uncertain parameters. In the proposed SSD-constrained stochastic programming, demand response programming (DRP) is provided to decrease the operation cost of the LEC. A case study is used to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the novel SSD approach. According to the simulation results, the operation cost of LEC is remarkably decreased from 62,960 to 59,550 in the risk-neutral case (without including risk factor) and SSD case (worst case) with considering DRP, respectively

The Effects of Vitamin B-Complex Supplementation on Serum Homocysteine Levels and Migraine Severity in Children A Randomized Controlled Trial: The Effects of Vitamin B-Complex Supplementation on Serum Homocysteine Levels and Migraine Severity in Children A Randomized Controlled Trial

ObjectivesGiven that deficiency in B vitamins can lead to the accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy), and hyperhomocysteinemia may have a role in migraine pathogenesis, the present prospective randomized doubleblinded placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin B-complex supplementation on the alleviation of migraine in children through a possible reduction in Hcy levels.Materials &amp; MethodsNinety children under 15 years of age suffering from typical migraine were included in the present trial. They were randomly assigned into two groups (forty-five patients in each group) to receive either vitamin B-complex or a matching placebo for six months. Serum Homocysteine levels and headache characteristics were evaluated and compared before and after administering vitamin B-complex or placebo. ResultsUnlike the placebo group, the monthly headache frequency, severity of headache, headache disability, and serum Hcy levels were significantly decreased after the vitamin administration. The headache duration was not significantly different before and after the treatment. In the vitamin group, there were significant positive correlations between the frequency and severity, frequency and disability, and severity and disability of headaches. Hcy also had significant positive correlations with the frequency and disability of headaches. In the placebo group, the only found significant correlation was between headache frequency and disability ConclusionThe administration of vitamin B-complex might effectively relieve migraine severity in children by reducing serum Hcy. However, further studies are needed to confirm the results. &nbsp

Two-stage Optimal Risk Management of Large Electricity Consumer Using Second-order Stochastic Dominance

Various energy consumers, such as large energy consumers (LEC), are targeted to procure the demanded energy from various power markets such as the pool market and different energy resources, including renewable energy resources (RES), and conventional energy resources optimize the traded energy. In this article, a novel decision-making framework is proposed to schedule the LEC. The proposed technique in this article is based on the second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) to investigate the uncertainty in the total operation cost of the LEC. It is assumed that the market price, pool price, electricity load, and the power output of renewable energy sources (RES), including PV and WT, are uncertain parameters. In the proposed SSD-constrained stochastic programming, demand response programming (DRP) is provided to decrease the operation cost of the LEC. A case study is used to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the novel SSD approach. According to the simulation results, the operation cost of LEC is remarkably decreased from 62,960 to 59,550 in the risk-neutral case (without including risk factor) and SSD case (worst case) with considering DRP, respectively