Study Fertility Levels on Women Infected by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: This study attempts to measure the total amounts of LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone, and fasting Blood Glucose (F.B.G) in diabetic Women. The specimen is divided into two classes; the first class consisted of forty women who have diabetes type 2 with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The second class is twenty (control) Material and method: The results in this work showed a successive increase (LH, Prolactin, Testosterone, and fasting Blood Glucose (F.B.G)) at (P <0.005) in women who have diabetes type 2 with polycystic ovary syndrome when compared to the control class, while the outcomes indicated a decrease in the level of (FSH Hormone) at (P <0.005) when compared healthy group. Statistics and Result: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 affects the levels of the LH Hormone (8.1±3.9), Prolactin (11.3±5.1), Testosterone Hormone (230±118.2), fasting Blood Glucose (222.1± 12.10), and the level of (FSH Hormone 5.6±1.3) in women. Hence, high blood sugar in women leads to infertility for them. Infertility affects a significant portion of women with type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovaries, which is why this issue has to be studied. One of the most crucial answers to this issue is to follow the advice given by the doctor and try to treat lowering blood sugar and reach the normal limit because high sugar affects the ovaries and thus causes infertility. &nbsp

Evaluation of Serum Visfatin and Chemerin Levels in Diabetes Patients in Mosul City

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern worldwide. Although there are many possible causes of diabetes, the three most prevalent ones are insulin resistance, pancreatic cell damage, and insulin insufficiency. Visfatin, an adipocytokine with insulin-mimicking characteristics, and chemerin, an adipokine responsible for maintaining normal cholesterol and glucose levels, are linked to inflammation and immunological dysfunction in metabolic illnesses. Hence, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the adipokines visfatin and chemerin. Methods and Results: This study was conducted at the Al-Salam Teaching Hospital in Mosul from December 1, 2022, to the end of June 2023. The study included 65 patients of both sexes with T2DM aged between 35 and 80. Twenty-five healthy individuals of both sexes were chosen for a control group. Visfatin and chemerin levels in the serum were measured using an ELISA kit (Koma biotech, ELISA, USA) per the manufacturer's instructions. The levels of visfatin and chemerin in T2DM patients were significantly higher than in controls (1.478±0.631ng/ml and 158.768±36.941pg/ml vs. 0.538±0.151ng/ml and 71.272±12.994pg/ml, respectively, P=0.000 in both cases). The study showed no significant difference in the levels of chemerin and visfatin between females and males in T2DM patients. Among men, the visfatin levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy than in T2DM patients with such complications as cardiovascular disease and diabetic nephropathy. These features also occurred among women. Men and women with T2DM did not differ in the chemerin levels, depending on the nature of the diabetes complication. Conclusion: T2DM patients are characterized by significantly higher visfatin and chemerin levels than healthy controls. No differences in the levels of these adipokines that depend on the gender of diabetic patients have been found

Shining a light on an additional clinical burden: work-related digital communication survey study – COVID-19 impact on NHS staff wellbeing

Work-related communication volume within the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) has had little systematic research previously. The impact of communication volume on work-life balance of healthcare staff in the NHS is also not known and has not been an area of focus or governance. COVID-19 led to a shift to non-physical work, with greater reliance on digital communication for clinical decision making. We sought to elucidate the relationship between communication, work-life balance, and COVID-19. An online survey was conducted to assess the platforms used to communicate professionally, the volume of and time spent on work-related communications, how this has changed from before to during COVID-19, and the effect on work-life balance. A total of 3047 healthcare staff provided consent and evaluable data. Emails were reported as the most frequently used communication tool, and the majority of staff asked, reported increased work-related communications due to COVID-19. Staff estimated receiving 14 emails on an average day before COVID-19. During the pandemic, staff estimated getting approximately 17 emails on an average day and 29 emails on a busy day. Work communications reportedly took up increased amounts of family and home time during COVID-19. A large proportion (36%) of staff were unable to switch off from work-related communications already before COVID-19, worsening (57%) during the pandemic. Work-related digital communication is a vital component of working in the NHS. We provide the first detailed data on the types, volume, and impact of such communication on NHS staff during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic levels. We found that 82% of staff support the need for NHS guidance on work-related communications to help manage overload, protect emotional wellbeing, and increase resilience. Further work is urgently needed in this area to tackle the negative impact of communication technologies (technostress) on work-life balance to reduce staff stress, burnout, and turnover or early retirement of some staff

Characterization of central and peripheral effects of septide with the use of five tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonists in the rat

1. Effects of two tachykinin NK(1) receptor selective agonists (septide and [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP) were compared on the increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and motor behaviour following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration in unanaesthetized rat, and on the vascular permeability increases to intradermal (i.d.) injection in the anaesthetized rat. Moreover, five tachykinin NK(1) receptor selective antagonists (LY303870, LY306740, LY303241, SR140333 and RP67580) were tested against the two agonists to compare their pharmacological profile. 2. [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP and septide (10–100 pmol per rat, i.c.v.) were equipotent in increasing MAP and HR, yet they had dissimilar time-course. Both agonists increased dose-dependently face washing and sniffing while [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP was the sole to produce grooming. septide was more potent than [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP (6.5–650 pmol) in increasing vascular permeability. 3. For most centrally mediated responses, LY303870 and RP67580 were significantly more potent in inhibiting septide than [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP. In some parameters, greater blockade was achieved when antagonists (particularly LY306740) were given 1 h instead of 10 min prior to i.c.v. septide. 4. All antagonists except LY303241 blocked dose-dependently the increases in vascular permeability to equipotent doses of [Sar(9), Met(O(2))(11)]SP and septide. LY303870 and LY306740 were more potent against septide. 5. The antagonism afforded by LY303870, LY306740 and LY303241 was stereoselective and only SR140333 was found to cause central and peripheral non specific effects. 6. The data confirm a distinct pharmacological profile for septide in vivo. RP67580 and LY306740 are currently the most valuable tachykinin NK(1) receptor antagonists for in vivo studies in rat