Model Prediction-Based Approach to Fault Tolerant Control with Applications

Abstract— Fault-tolerant control (FTC) is an integral component in industrial processes as it enables the system to continue robust operation under some conditions. In this paper, an FTC scheme is proposed for interconnected systems within an integrated design framework to yield a timely monitoring and detection of fault and reconfiguring the controller according to those faults. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF)-based fault detection and diagnosis system is initially run on the main plant and parameter estimation is being done for the local faults. This critical information\ud is shared through information fusion to the main system where the whole system is being decentralized using the overlapping decomposition technique. Using this parameter estimates of decentralized subsystems, a model predictive control (MPC) adjusts its parameters according to the\ud fault scenarios thereby striving to maintain the stability of the system. Experimental results on interconnected continuous time stirred tank reactors (CSTR) with recycle and quadruple tank system indicate that the proposed method is capable to correctly identify various faults, and then controlling the system under some conditions

Bibliographic Review on Distributed Kalman Filtering

In recent years, a compelling need has arisen to understand the effects of distributed information structures on estimation and filtering. In this paper, a bibliographical review on distributed Kalman filtering (DKF) is provided.\ud The paper contains a classification of different approaches and methods involved to DKF. The applications of DKF are also discussed and explained separately. A comparison of different approaches is briefly carried out. Focuses on the contemporary research are also addressed with emphasis on the practical applications of the techniques. An exhaustive list of publications, linked directly or indirectly to DKF in the open literature, is compiled to provide an overall picture of different developing aspects of this area

The Government Role in Creating Innovation Technological Clusters in Developing Countries (The Case of Saudi Arabia)

Many governments around the world are committed to the idea of creating high-tech industries in their territories. Often they do so by imitating other well-recognized models such as the Silicon Valley. This dissertation investigated three countries economic development plans to understand how government policies could support or hinder the establishment of an Innovation Systems in developing countries. This dissertation claims that to create a successful high technological innovation cluster in any area, a successful innovation needs to be existed to support these clusters. This study used a comparative qualitative pragmatic method that implemented both case study and process tracing to unfold the policies that led to create successful innovation systems. Comparing these cases created an understanding of how the success could begeneralized and replicated to the case of Saudi Arabia

The Themes of 'Proactivity' and 'Reactivity' in Achebe's 'Marriage is a Private Affair'

The present study sets out to investigate the themes of 'proactivity' and 'reactivity' in Chinua Achebe's 'Marriage is a Private Affair'. First, definitions for these concepts are established, and then the main characters' responses which run in their speeches and actions are pored over considering these definitions. Throughout the present study, 'proactivity' and 'reactivity' are construed as conscious cognitive choices rather than personality traits and acting proactively or reactively (assertively or submissively) is beheld as contextually bound and as determined by what floats on the surface rather than by what hides in the unconscious. Drawing upon the critiques of the concepts of 'proactivity' and 'reactivity', and having in mind that 'proactivity' and 'reactivity', as their lexical meanings may suggest, are two ends for the same dimension of doing something, one could safely claim that despite all Nene's(a character) proactive efforts to cultivate friendship with her in-laws, only after going some way towards the traditional position and reacting positively to the socially- imposed patterns considered to be crucial determinants of her acceptance in the extended family network she is admitted in the cosmopolitan Ibo community. Finding her feet there, she partakes in the construction of a new more open and accommodating Ibo identity. Two other important themes that seem to emerge strongly in the present study are that marriage is a tribal matter that should be framed within allegiance and respect for family traditions and religious affiliation, and that family can tackle any problem if its members stand as one strong front against any external antagonistic power

The Organizational Fitness Navigator: Creating and Measuring Organizational Fitness for Fast-Paced Transformation

In the fast-changing environment of today dynamic capabilities to manage organizational transformation are regarded as crucial for business survival and improved performance. Although dynamic organizational capabilities have been receiving intense scrutiny by researchers and practitioners in the past few years, relatively little attention has been directed towards creating a systemic model of dynamic capabilities, and how to effectively measure what the authors call organizational fitness capabilities. This paper builds on the concepts of organizational fitness and its profiling (OFP), and proposes the organizational fitness navigator (OFN) as a systemic model of dynamic organizational capabilities. Part of the OFP model is a systemic scorecard (SCC) as a measurement tool for organizational fitness - in contrast to the well-known balanced scorecard (BSC) - for improving business survival and performance in increasingly networked environments.dynamic capabilities, organizational fitness, organizational fitness profiling, organizational fitness navigator, systemic scorecard

Reward-based Crowdfunding Technological Projects Determinants of Success: A Quantitative Study

Crowdfunding success in terms of the achievement of target capital in reward-based crowdfunding projects is impacted by many factors (e.g., past created projects, campaign duration, pledged capital). This paper studies the determinants of success rate (pledged capital/target capital) or (P/T) in successful technological crowdfunding projects. The quantitative study started by data collection of 328 successful Kickstarter technological crowdfunding campaigns which are later decreased to 289 due to model censorship. Tobit model was adopted as the censored linear regression model to determine the existence of relationships between the dependent variable (P/T) and the independent variables. Results suggest that success rate is associated with 7 independent variables: visuals, duration, internal social capital, comments and education are found to impact success rate positively while target capital and past created projects are found to impact success rate negatively. The study contributes to the literature in crowdfunding by paving the path to study success factors that might impact successful technological projects, and to investigate the significance of backers’ feedback and project creators’ education in maximizing their campaign’s outcome

Improved Distributed Estimation Method for Environmental\ud time-variant Physical variables in Static Sensor Networks

In this paper, an improved distributed estimation scheme for static sensor networks is developed. The scheme is developed for environmental time-variant physical variables. The main contribution of this work is that the algorithm in [1]-[3] has been extended, and a filter has been designed with weights, such that the variance of the estimation errors is minimized, thereby improving the filter design considerably\ud and characterizing the performance limit of the filter, and thereby tracking a time-varying signal. Moreover, certain parameter optimization is alleviated with the application of a particular finite impulse response (FIR) filter. Simulation results are showing the effectiveness of the developed estimation algorithm

Restrictive Voting Technique for Faces Spoofing Attack

Face anti-spoofing has become widely used due to the increasing use of biometric authentication systems that rely on facial recognition. It is a critical issue in biometric authentication systems that aim to prevent unauthorized access. In this paper, we propose a modified version of majority voting that ensembles the votes of six classifiers for multiple video chunks to improve the accuracy of face anti-spoofing. Our approach involves sampling sub-videos of 2 seconds each with a one-second overlap and classifying each sub-video using multiple classifiers. We then ensemble the classifications for each sub-video across all classifiers to decide the complete video classification. We focus on the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) metric to highlight the importance of preventing unauthorized access. We evaluated our method using the Replay Attack dataset and achieved a zero FAR. We also reported the Half Total Error Rate (HTER) and Equal Error Rate (EER) and gained a better result than most state-of-the-art methods. Our experimental results show that our proposed method significantly reduces the FAR, which is crucial for real-world face anti-spoofing applications

Gravity Data Interpretation Using Different New Algorithms: A Comparative Study

Gravity data interpretation is useful in exploring regions that have different geological structures, which contain minerals, ores and oil deposits. There are different numerical methods for the model parameters (depth (z), origin location (xo), shape parameter (q) and amplitude coefficient (A)) evaluation of a covered structure such as gradient method, particle swarm optimization technique and Werner deconvolution method. In this study, application of these methods is utilized to appraise the model parametric quantity of the covered structures. The application of these methods was demonstrated by different engineered data without and with various range of noise (5%, 10%) and applied for a real example from Egypt. The result values of each method were compared together and with those published and drilling information