Effects of Heavy Metal (Pb) on the Growth of Algae Microcystis sp. & Chroococcus sp. Roaa Jafar El-Khairalla

The Study dealing with the influence of heavy metal(Pb) separately in the growth of the algae Microcystis & chroococcus (cyanophyta)under lab. Conditions,the parameters were total cell count by slid chamber.The results indicates that the toxic effect of studied heavy metals depend upon metal construction,lowest total cell count . lead ions was added to the culture media as aconcetration (0.5, 1, 2,4)mg/l . the (4)mg/l concentration was more toxicity for both algae , the minimum chroococcus colonies count was (62) colony and (66) colony in microcystis at (4) mg/l concentration. By measuring inhibit rate for both algae,found , Microcystis was more resistant lead than other algae.Obsorved increase toxisity increased period was concentration of 4% toxcisity for both algae

Effects of Heavy Metal (Pb) on the Growth of Algae Microcystis sp. & Chroococcus sp. Roaa Jafar El-Khairalla

The Study dealing with the influence of heavy metal(Pb) separately in the growth of the algae Microcystis & chroococcus (cyanophyta)under lab. Conditions,the parameters were total cell count by slid chamber.The results indicates that the toxic effect of studied heavy metals depend upon metal construction,lowest total cell count . lead ions was added to the culture media as aconcetration (0.5, 1, 2,4)mg/l . the (4)mg/l concentration was more toxicity for both algae , the minimum chroococcus colonies count was (62) colony and (66) colony in microcystis at (4) mg/l concentration. By measuring inhibit rate for both algae,found , Microcystis was more resistant lead than other algae.Obsorved increase toxisity increased period was concentration of 4% toxcisity for both algae

A saúde como um bem meritório: a dicotomia da indústria do tabaco

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Sócio-Econômico. Economia.A estratégia da indústria do tabaco é a mesma no mundo inteiro e vai de encontro à saúde pública e ao bem estar das populações. A Organização Mundial da Saúde identifica o tabagismo como um fator de risco à vida que deve ser combatido com alta prioridade, tendo em vista o uso do tabaco ser a maior causa de mortes prematuras do planeta, provocando o óbito de cerca de 5 milhões de pessoas por ano. Como resultado dessa preocupação, foi criado o primeiro tratado internacional no âmbito da saúde, a Convenção Quadro para Controle do Tabaco, que fixa padrões mínimos de controle e combate do consumo do tabaco no mundo. O Brasil reconhece esse problema e vem desenvolvendo ações nesse sentido, através de políticas públicas de saúde, como a conscientização da população dos malefícios e a proibição da propaganda. Embora o Estado obtenha uma elevada arrecadação tributária, de cerca de R$8,5 bilhões, dessa cadeia produtiva, além de outras receitas como as exportações e os empregos gerados; o custo social e econômico do seu uso é grande, devido principalmente às doenças tabaco-relacionadas, como os diversos tipos de câncer, as patologias respiratórias e cardiovasculares. Dentre estas, destaca-se o câncer de pulmão, com um custo médio de R$ 28.902,09 por pessoa, o qual é conseqüência tanto do tabagismo ativo quanto do passivo. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o tabagismo é um grave problema de saúde pública mundial, e que cuidar da saúde da população é dever dos governantes. Portanto, quando estes adotam medidas de proteção à saúde, estão cumprindo seu papel de promover o bem-estar social

Respiratory medicine in Iraq – from the primitive to the advanced

Healthcare in Iraq has seen significant decline over the past few decades. Political instability coupled with austerity due to conflict and war has become a major obstacle in the transition needed to restore acceptable healthcare standards. Respiratory medicine had remained under developed despite the potential benefit it could offer to many people suffering diseases of high prevalence. A dedicated team of experts carried out a feasibility study to create a specialist respiratory centre, ThiQar lung diseases (TQLD). Equipped with advanced diagnostic equipment, a paperless hospital information system and staff trained by specialists from the UK, the centre has reduced a significant healthcare gap. It now serves a large population catchment area and has helped offer people an alternative to seeking healthcare abroad

Inclusión de indicadores sociales en el análisis de requerimientos energéticos : El caso de la provincia de Salta

Pese a que desde hace casi veinte años, y como parte de la etapa de privatización del suministro eléctrico disperso, existen en el NOA programas de electrificación rural, el objetivo central de los mismos solo se cumplió parcialmente. En esta región habitan casi cinco millones de habitantes y representan más del diez por ciento de la población total del país. En la región, más del ochenta y cinco por ciento de la población posee redes convencionales de energía, pero el NBI promedio es de algo menos del 28%. Desde el programa PERMER y otros, se asignan recursos para instalar electricidad con paneles fotovoltaicos, y con mini redes de diferentes tipos, en un esfuerzo notable de gobiernos y empresas. Es de destacar, que no todos los sitios habitados podrán gozar del “beneficio”, dado que las solicitudes son numerosas. En otro orden de cosas, la radiación solar promedio en la región es muy adecuada para su aprovechamiento, por lo que con ella se puede paliar la situación pese a lo elevado de la inversión inicial. Se propone un mecanismo para poder seleccionar objetivamente las localidades que puede servir de herramienta para la toma de decisiones, en el marco de un programa de aplicación regional. Conviene aclarar que existen otros, igualmente valiosos.There are almost twenty years in the NOA rural electrification programs, as part of a process of privatization of companies. The central objective of these only partially fulfilled. This region is home to nearly five million people, representing more than ten percent of the total population. In the region, more than eighty-five percent of the population owns conventional 08.09 energy networks, but the average NBI is just under 28%. Since the program PERMER and others, resources are allocated to electrifies with photovoltaic panels, and mini networks of different types, in a remarkable effort of governments and businesses. It is noteworthy that not all inhabited sites may enjoy the "benefit", given that applications are numerous. In another vein, the average solar radiation in the region is very good for its use, so that it can alleviate the situation despite the high level of initial investment. A mechanism is proposed to objectively select locations that can serve as a tool for decision making in the context of a regional implementation program. It should be clear that there are other, equally valuable.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Inclusión de indicadores sociales en el análisis de requerimientos energéticos : El caso de la provincia de Salta

Pese a que desde hace casi veinte años, y como parte de la etapa de privatización del suministro eléctrico disperso, existen en el NOA programas de electrificación rural, el objetivo central de los mismos solo se cumplió parcialmente. En esta región habitan casi cinco millones de habitantes y representan más del diez por ciento de la población total del país. En la región, más del ochenta y cinco por ciento de la población posee redes convencionales de energía, pero el NBI promedio es de algo menos del 28%. Desde el programa PERMER y otros, se asignan recursos para instalar electricidad con paneles fotovoltaicos, y con mini redes de diferentes tipos, en un esfuerzo notable de gobiernos y empresas. Es de destacar, que no todos los sitios habitados podrán gozar del “beneficio”, dado que las solicitudes son numerosas. En otro orden de cosas, la radiación solar promedio en la región es muy adecuada para su aprovechamiento, por lo que con ella se puede paliar la situación pese a lo elevado de la inversión inicial. Se propone un mecanismo para poder seleccionar objetivamente las localidades que puede servir de herramienta para la toma de decisiones, en el marco de un programa de aplicación regional. Conviene aclarar que existen otros, igualmente valiosos.There are almost twenty years in the NOA rural electrification programs, as part of a process of privatization of companies. The central objective of these only partially fulfilled. This region is home to nearly five million people, representing more than ten percent of the total population. In the region, more than eighty-five percent of the population owns conventional 08.09 energy networks, but the average NBI is just under 28%. Since the program PERMER and others, resources are allocated to electrifies with photovoltaic panels, and mini networks of different types, in a remarkable effort of governments and businesses. It is noteworthy that not all inhabited sites may enjoy the "benefit", given that applications are numerous. In another vein, the average solar radiation in the region is very good for its use, so that it can alleviate the situation despite the high level of initial investment. A mechanism is proposed to objectively select locations that can serve as a tool for decision making in the context of a regional implementation program. It should be clear that there are other, equally valuable.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Augmented reality applications in the automotive industry

This research paper examines the implications and transformative capabilities of Augmented Reality (AR) within the automotive landscape. We examine how AR catalyses radical changes across various automotive functions, from design and manufacturing to customer engagement and vehicle operation. While AR is poised to elevate operational efficiencies significantly, it also presents challenges, such as AR content authoring complexity and hardware constraints that restrict mass consumer adoption. This paper surveys the current AR state-of-the-art technology, systems and pivotal automotive applications. The primary objective is to offer a thorough comprehension of the underlying concepts, methodologies, and applications that underpin the integration of AR within the automotive industry. It concludes by discussing potential barriers to AR implementation and outlines future avenues for research, including software scalability and the integration of cloud and edge computing to alleviate device limitations

Nuclear trafficking, histone cleavage and induction of apoptosis by the meningococcal App and MspA autotransporters

Neisseria meningitidis, a major cause of bacterial meningitis and septicaemia, secretes multiple virulence factors, including the adhesion and penetration protein (App) and meningococcal serine protease A (MspA). Both are conserved, immunogenic, type Va autotransporters harbouring S6-family serine endopeptidase domains. Previous work suggested that both could mediate adherence to human cells, but their precise contribution to meningococcal pathogenesis was unclear. Here, we confirm that App and MspA are in vivo virulence factors since human CD46-expressing transgenic mice infected with meningococcal mutants lacking App, MspA or both had improved survival rates compared with mice infected with wild type. Confocal imaging showed that App and MspA were internalized by human cells and trafficked to the nucleus. Cross-linking and enzyme-linked immuno assay (ELISA) confirmed that mannose receptor (MR), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and histones interact with MspA and App. Dendritic cell (DC) uptake could be blocked using mannan and transferrin, the specific physiological ligands for MR and TfR1, whereas in vitro clipping assays confirmed the ability of both proteins to proteolytically cleave the core histone H3. Finally, we show that App and MspA induce a dose-dependent increase in DC death via caspase-dependent apoptosis. Our data provide novel insights into the roles of App and MspA in meningococcal infection