APPLYING FREUDIAN PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY TO THE LITERATURE AND LIFE OF FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

As a writer who famously aimed to capture the essence of humanity in his literature, Fyodor Dostoevsky often created incredibly intriguing, yet quite complex characters to accomplish this goal. Though psychology had not yet grown into an independent discipline during Dostoevsky\u27s tenure as a novelist, as the field began to emerge it became clearer that his literature touched upon many psychological tenets. Specifically, the psychological theories of Sigmund Freud would prove to be very similar to Dostoevsky\u27s writing, prompting many comparisons. This paper aims to apply Freudian psychological theory to Dostoevsky\u27s Crime and Punishment and The Double in an attempt to understand the intricacies of the focal characters. Additionally, it intends to look at the life of Dostoevsky through a Freudian perspective while providing insight into how his personal experiences have influenced his literature

NIR/Optical Selected Local Mergers --- Spatial Density and sSFR Enhancement

Mergers play important roles in triggering the most active objects in the universe, including (U)LIRGs and QSOs. However, whether they are also important for the total stellar mass build-up in galaxies in general is unclear and controversial. The answer to that question depends on the merger rate and the average strength of merger induced star formation. In this talk, I will review studies on spatial density and sSFR enhancement of local mergers found in NIR/optical selected pair samples. In line with the current literature on galaxy formation/evolution, special attention will be paid to the dependence of the local merger rate and of the sSFR enhancement on four fundamental observables: (1) stellar mass, (2) mass ratio, (3) separation, and (4) environment.Comment: A review talk; 8 pages; to appear on the Conference Proceedings for "Galaxy Mergers in an Evolving Universe", held in Hualien, Taiwan (October 2011

A Case for Caution: An Evaluation of Calabrese and Baldwin\u27s Studies of Chemical Hormesis

Suggesting a need for more research, Mr. Elliott argues that it is too soon for risk-assessment policy to account for recent challenges to a toxicological linear dose-response assumption

The “Irish Born” One American Citizenship Amendment

Our Constitution has a deferred maintenance problem because we have fallen out of the habit of tending to its upkeep ourselves. The silver lining is a double benefit from any constitutional maintenance projects that we undertake now. These projects are good not only for what they do to our Constitution, but also for making us exercise self-government muscles that have atrophied from civic sloth. Fortunately, the time has never been better to repeal one of our Constitution’s most pointlessly exclusionary provisions. The President of the United States is married to a naturalized citizen. And nobody can legitimately question the patriotism of the First Lady of the United States, Melania Trump. She flies on Air Force One with the President and represents our country both at home and abroad. As an American citizen, she is as much an American as the President himself. This fortuitous circumstance is just one reason it might be possible to eliminate what the Supreme Court has identified as the only legal difference between naturalized and natural born citizens— eligibility for the presidency

Tests of In-Situ Formation Scenarios for Compact Multiplanet Systems

Kepler has identified over 600 multiplanet systems, many of which have several planets with orbital distances smaller than that of Mercury -- quite different from the Solar System. Because these systems may be difficult to explain in the paradigm of core accretion and disk migration, it has been suggested that they formed in situ within protoplanetary disks with high solid surface densities. The strong connection between giant planet occurrence and stellar metallicity is thought to be linked to enhanced solid surface densities in disks around metal-rich stars, so the presence of a giant planet can be a detectable sign of planet formation in a high solid surface density disk. I formulate quantitative predictions for the frequency of long-period giant planets in these in situ models of planet formation by translating the proposed increase in disk mass into an equivalent metallicity enhancement. I rederive the scaling of giant planet occurrence with metallicity as P_gp = 0.05_{-0.02}^{+0.02} x 10^{(2.1 +/- 0.4) [M/H]} = 0.08_{-0.03}^{+0.02} x 10^{(2.3 +/- 0.4) [Fe/H]} and show that there is significant tension between the frequency of giant planets suggested by the minimum mass extrasolar nebula scenario and the observational upper limits. This fact suggests that high-mass disks alone cannot explain the observed properties of the close-in Kepler multiplanet systems and that migration is still a necessary contributor to their formation. More speculatively, I combine the metallicity scaling of giant planet occurrence with recently published small planet occurrence rates to estimate the number of Solar System analogs in the Galaxy. I find that in the Milky Way there are perhaps 4 x 10^6 true Solar System analogs with an FGK star hosting both a terrestrial planet in the habitable zone and a long-period giant planet companion.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables in emulateapj format; submitted to Ap

PRECONDITIONING BEEF CALVES: ARE EXPECTED PREMIUMS SUFFICIENT TO JUSTIFY THE PRACTICE?

The concept of preconditioning calves has been around for a long time, yet adoption of the practice has been slow. Current trends in the beef industry likely will increase interest in preconditioning programs. This research estimates premiums received for preconditioned calves and the expected returns from a preconditioning program. Preconditioned calves sold in the fall received a premium of approximately $4.50-$5.50/cwt relative to non-preconditioned calves. Premiums were lower for calves sold in the winter, heavier calves, and when cattle markets were strong. Based on a 45-day post-weaning preconditioning program, cow-calf producers can increase returns about $14/head compared to selling calves at weaning.Livestock Production/Industries,