Strategic Development Trends in the World Pharmaceutical Industry

The main purpose of the paper is to research and evaluate the strategic development trends in the world pharmaceutical industry in the period 1996–2006.We aim to find that mergers and acquisitions prevail as a vital strategic development option in the world pharmaceutical industry. The research examines the exploratory hypothesis that the intensive globalization process, increased competitiveness and changed structure of competitors, strongly influence the consolidation development trends in the world pharmaceutical industry which result in an increased number of mergers and acquisitions. The intensive consolidation of the world pharmaceutical industry is a market driven process and conditioned by several strategic issues, such as lack of brand new products, increased competitiveness, fast globalization process, intensive global marketing and sales activities, changed structure of competitors, fight for global market shares and customers’ loyalty. There is clear evidence that the world pharmaceutical industry and market are both becoming more oligopolistic and monopolistic.world pharmaceutical industry, globalization, consolidation, mergers and acquisitions

INVESTIGATING THE POWER IN FREIGHT TRANSPORT COMMUNICATION NETWORK STRUCTURE

The business of freight transportation is undergoing a technological revolution at it moves toward the 21st century. New technologies are being developed and adopted in each mode of freight transportation. The one technology that affects all modes is information technology. Information technology related to the coordination of logistics and supply chain management, has the capability of affecting all the modes in a similar way. This technology in the form of electronic data interchange has begun to automate, and reduce the costs of, paper flow required to move goods from shippers, through carriers and transfer points, to consignees. Surveys of the freight transportation industry indicate that the adoption of EDI has not been nearly universal in any dimension. The paper investigates the structure of the communication system used for transport supply chain.POWER electronic commerce freight transport network structure

Research of the Power in the Supply chain

With the recent advent of computer-based communication technologies, communication networks have become an important factor in global interaction. The world in the information age may be described as being connected by a lattice of networks. The analysis of the communication network in the supply chain is one of the major goals in the project currently in research at the Rijeka College of Maritime Studies , Croatia. Network analysis begins with data that describes the set of relationships among the organisations - members of a system. The goal of analysis is to obtain from the low-level relational data a higher-level description of the structure of the system. The higher-level description identifies various kinds of patterns in the set of relationships. These patterns will be based on the way individual organisations are related to other organisations in the network. Some approaches to network analysis look for clusters of firms who are tightly connected to one another; some look for sets of firms who have similar patterns of relations to the rest of the network. The power of each organisation in the network is also calculated and discussedtransaction costs transport corridors electronic commerce

The continuing persistence and biomagnification of DDT and metabolites in American robin (Turdus migratorius) fruit orchard food chains

DDT is an organochlorine insecticide that was widely used in fruit orchards in the South Okanagan Valley from the late 1940s and in the 1990s, this was documented to have caused extensive contamination of American robin (Turdus migratorius) food chains. Due to the environmental persistence of DDT and its metabolite, p,p’-DDE, the objective of this study was to re-sample previous orchards, as well as several new agricultural areas with the prediction that DDT and metabolite concentrations would significantly decline twenty-six years after a similar sample collection was conducted in 1993-1995. This was done by: 1) collecting soil, earthworms and American robin eggs from orchard and non-orchard areas in the South Okanagan Valley, 2) comparing previous and current contaminant burdens for DDE, DDT and DDD metabolites, and 3) calculating biomagnification factors for earthworms and robins on a lipid normalized basis. All robin eggs contained DDE, DDT and DDD, with the highest concentration being p,p’-DDE at 107 ug/g (wet weight), confirming that contamination is still present at similar and high levels relative to the 1990s. DDE and DDT levels in robins were significantly higher than Aporrectodea and Lumbricidae earthworms, and earthworm-robin regressions for DDE showed a significant positive relationship. Biomagnification factors were generally > 1 and were higher for DDE than DDT and DDD. Concentrations of p,p’-DDE in American robins in this study were comparable to and/or exceeded published levels in other migratory birds nesting in fruit orchards, including the eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis), where reproductive and immunostimulation effects were observed. The relatively high concentrations of DDE in the South Okanagan Valley may pose a health risk to local predators and birds of prey, such as Accipiter hawks and falcons, who often feed at higher trophic levels where DDE and other contaminants are biomagnified

A Response to Catharine MacKinnon\u27s Article Turning Rape Into Pornography: Postmodern Genocide

Catharine MacKinnon, as is widely known, has instituted a civil lawsuit against Radovan Karadzic, the leader of the Bosnian Serbs, for genocidal acts of rape, forced pregnancy, enforced prostitution, other forms of torture, and extrajudicial killings. I fully support this action, as do the women\u27s groups with which I work and, presumably, all feminist organizations in Croatia and the rest of the world, including those in Belgrade. We all are working to have war rape recognized and prosecuted as a war crime and to expose the inadequate recognition and treatment of these violations of women\u27s human rights under current international and national laws

QUESTIONING DEFENDANTS VIA SKYPE DURING THE STATE OF EMERGENCY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

The state of emergency was declared in the Republic of Serbia on 15 March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which lasted until 6 May 2020. During the state of emergency, certain human rights were restricted and suspended, which are otherwise protected and guaranteed by the Constitution. One of the measures introduced by the state was the possibility for the defendant to attend the main hearing via Skype. The basic question arises whether the right to a fair trial is violated in this way, since it is one of the rights that cannot be limited or suspended even during a state of emergency. In this regard, this paper addresses the national legal framework under which trials are permitted and conducted via Skype during a state of emergency and relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights

Gaseous plume diffusion characteristics within model PEG canopies: Task IIB research technical report, Deseret Test Center

CER68-69RNM-DK-TY-3.September 1968.Wind tunnel studies and simulations of turbulent shear flows related to atmospheric science and associated technologies.For Atmospheric Science Laboratory, U.S. Army Electronics Command, Fort Monmouth, N. J.A point source of an air-helium mixture was released continuously at various positions within a simulated canopy composed of 9 cm high pegs, 0.48 cm diameter, spaced in several arrays (2.54 x 2.54, 3.55 x 3. 55, and 5.08 x 5.08 cm). Variations of the vertical location of the source revealed the strongly non isotropic character of diffusion within a canopy with respect to the relative diffusion rates in the lateral and vertical directions. When the source was placed at various downstream distances from the edge of the canopy, it displayed a tendency to exhale the plume near the front of the model canopy and to inhale the plume at distances further downstream. Calculations of tile turbulent diffusion coefficient, K, within and above the canopy from the experimental data, reveal both a constant region and a region of linear increase with height increase as suggested by previous author.Under contract no. DAAB07-68-C-0423