CuO Nanocatalyzed Improved Synthesis of Some 2- Aminopyrimidines

An effective and simple method for the synthesis of substituted 2- aminopyrimidines has been developed using chalcones, guanidine nitrate and aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of CuO nanoparticle as catalyst. The developed strategy has various advantages such as short reaction time, improved yields and the catalyst used is recyclable and inexpensive. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v13i3.162

Bis- and mono-substituted Chalcones exert anti-feedant and toxic effects on fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Spodoptera frugiperda is a highly polyphagous migratory lepidopteran pest species. It causes infestation in crops leading to the severe crop losses. Being a new invasive parasite, its susceptibility to insecticides needs to be explored; and therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the potent insecticides for the effective control of this insect pest. To attain the crop sustainability, the antifeedant, toxicity and nutritional effects on larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda were studied with six mono- and eight bis- substituted chalcones. The antifeedant activity was calculated when 50% of the larvae control ate 50% of the diet through the FR factor. Toxicity was assessed through larval, pupal mortality and the emergence of adults and nutritional effects with consumption rates (IC), growth (GR) and consumption efficiency (EIC). The bis-chalcones 6b, 6e, 6f and 6h caused lethal effect on S. frugiperda in the first larval stages, being 6b the most toxic (85%). Adults who survived showed malformations and decreased size, which led to death. The larvae fed with aggregate in the bis-chalcones diet: 6b, 6e and 6f had the highest percentage of intake and the poorest conversion of nutrient absorption (ECI), which suggests that the larva metabolizes food for energy and results in a decrease of growth and death in early stages. Bis-chalcones showed more toxicity than mono-chalcones and 6b causes the most toxic and dietary change.Fil: Priyanca Devi, Ahanthem. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Alsulimani, Ahmad. Jazan University; Arabia SauditaFil: Ruiz Hidalgo, José. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Sayyed, R. Z.. Psgvp Mandals Arts; IndiaFil: Hassan, Montaser. Taif University; Arabia SauditaFil: Ameta, Keshav Lalit. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Elshazly, Hayam. Qassim University; Arabia Saudit

4-Dimensional printing: exploring current and future capabilities in biomedical and healthcare systems—a Concise review

4-Dimensional Printing (4DP) is the latest concept in the pharmacy and biomedical segment with enormous potential in dosage from personalization and medication designing, which adopts time as the fourth dimension, giving printed structures the flexibility to modify their morphology. It can be defined as the fabrication in morphology with the help of smart/intelligent materials like polymers that permit the final object to alter its properties, shape, or function in response to external stimuli such as heat, light, pH, and moisture. The applications of 4DP in biomedicines and healthcare are explored with a focus on tissue engineering, artificial organs, drug delivery, pharmaceutical and biomedical field, etc. In the medical treatments and pharmaceutical field 4DP is paving the way with unlimited potential applications; however, its mainstream use in healthcare and medical treatments is highly dependent on future developments and thorough research findings. Therefore, previous innovations with smart materials are likely to act as precursors of 4DP in many industries. This review highlights the most recent applications of 4DP technology and smart materials in biomedical and healthcare fields which can show a better perspective of 4DP applications in the future. However, in view of the existing limitations, major challenges of this technology must be addressed along with some suggestions for future research. We believe that the application of proper regulatory constraints with 4DP technology would pave the way for the next technological revolution in the biomedical and healthcare sectors

Photocatalytic mineralization of brilliant green dye using bimetallic CeCuO3 nanoparticles in LEDs irradiations: A green and economically viable approach

The use of bimetallic nanoparticles in photocatalysis is one of the prominent techniques for the treatment of wastewater. Pure and N, S-co-doped bimetallic cerium copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by FTIR, X-ray diffraction and SEM. Newly synthesized N, S-co-doped CeCuO3 NP’s were used as photocatalysts for the degradation of Brilliant green dye in the presence of ecofriendly LEDs (250 W) irradiations. The values of rate constant for N, S co-doped and undoped CeCuO3 was observed individually. Brilliant green dye was effectively degraded by N, S doped CeCuO3 as compared to undoped CeCuO3 nanoparticles. Effect of doping and operating parameters e.g. pH, Intensity of light and amount of catalyst etc., on the rate of mineralization of dye was studied. Overall degradation of dye was confirmed by the determination of COD, CO2 and UV–Visible investigation of the samples. The mechanism of the mineralization of dye molecules was investigated by the formation of •OH radicals in the aqueous suspension. The reusability of catalyst was tested by different cycles

Mesoporous Silica-Based Catalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

High demand for energy consumption forced the exploration of renewable energy resources, and in this context, biodiesel has received intensive attention. The process of biodiesel production itself needs to be optimized in order to make it an eco-friendly and high-performance energy resource. Within this scheme, development of low-cost and reusable heterogeneous catalysts has received much attention. Mesoporous silica materials with the characteristics of having a high surface area and being modifiable, tunable, and chemical/thermally stable have emerged as potential solid support of powerful catalysts in biodiesel production. This review highlights the latest updates on mesoporous silica modifications including acidic, basic, enzyme, and bifunctional catalysts derived from varied functionalization. In addition, the future outlook for progression is also discussed in detail

Synthetic bis- and mono-chalcones with insecticide effects on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

This is the first report on the antifeedant, toxic and nutritional effects produced by the synthetic chalcones on the lepidopteran Spodoptera frugiperda followed by structure-activity relationship. Bis (5a-c) and mono (8a-d) chalcones have been synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation and have been purified and characterized. The mono chalcones 8b and 8d displayed toxic effects on early larval instars when incorporated to the larval diet at 100 µg per g of diet (40 and 60%, respectively) and low adults emergency with malformations leading to death. The remaining chalcones 8a, 8c, 5a, 5b and 5c do not displayed toxic effects at the same dose. The evaluation of nutritional indices indicated that 8a and 8c were the only tested chalcones to produce decrease in the growth rate and to reduce the efficiency with which larvae converted ingested food into biomass.Fil: Ruiz Hidalgo, José. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Santillan, Melina del Huerto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Bionanotecnología del Noa; ArgentinaFil: Khyaliya, Priyanka. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Neske, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Ameta, Keshav Lalit. Mody University Of Science And Technology; Indi

Squamocin, una acetogenina annonácea, estimula la degradación de naftaleno mediada por Bacillus atrophaeus CN4

Squamocin pertenece a un grupo de compuestos llamados acetogeninas annonáceas (ACG). Las ACG son productos secundarios del metabolismo de plantas de la familia Annonaceae y se pueden aislar a partir de semillas de Annona cherimola. Este artículo trata de la estimulación de la formación de biofilm de Bacillus atrophaeus CN4 mediante el empleo de bajas concentraciones de squamocin para optimizar la degradación de naftaleno. B. atrophaeus CN4, aislado de suelo contaminado, tiene la capacidad de emplear naftaleno como única fuente de carbono y energía. En ausencia de fuentes de carbono adicionales, la cepa degradó el 69% de la concentración inicial de naftaleno (aprox. 0,2 mmol/l) en las primeras 12 h de incubación. La adición de squamocin en medio LB estimula la formación de biofilm y la remoción naftaleno de B. atrophaeus CN4. Squamocin (2,5 μg/ml) no afecta al crecimiento planctónico y, por lo tanto, los incrementos observados se deben únicamente a la estimulación de la formación de biofilm.Squamocin belongs to a group of compounds called annonaceous acetogenins. They are secondary products of Annonaceae metabolism and can be isolated from Annona cherimolia seeds. This paper deals with the stimulation of biofilm formation of Bacillus atrophaeus CN4 by employing low squamocin concentrations to increase naphthalene degradation. Bacillus atrophaeus CN4, isolated from contaminated soil, has the ability to degrade naphthalene as the only source of carbon and energy. In the absence of additional carbon sources, the strain removed 69% of the initial concentration of naphthalene (approx. 0.2 mmol/l) in the first 12 h of incubation. The addition of squamocin in LB medium stimulated Bacillus atrophaeus CN4 biofilm formation and enhanced naphthalene removal. Squamocin (2.5 μg/ml) does not affect planktonic growth and therefore, the observed increases are solely due to the stimulation of biofilm formation.Fil: Parellada, Eduardo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Igarza, Mercedes. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Isacc, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Bardon, Alicia del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Química del Noroeste. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Ferrero, Marcela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Ameta, Keshav Lalit. Mody University of Science and Technolog; IndiaFil: Neske, Adriana Neske. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; Argentin

A novel synthesis of N-hydroxy-3-aroylindoles and 3-aroylindoles

A straightforward indole synthesis via annulation of C-nitrosoaromatics with conjugated terminal alkynones was realised achieving a simple, highly regioselective, atom- and step economical access to 3-aroylindoles in moderate to good yields. Further functionalizations of indole scaffolds were investigated and an easy way to JWH-018, a synthetic cannabinoid, was achieved

Cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides from plants: The future of antimicrobial therapy

There has been a spurt in the spread of microbial resistance to antibiotics due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents in human medicine, agriculture, and animal husbandry. It has been realized that conventional antibiotic therapy would be less effective in the coming decades and more emphasis should be given for the development of novel antiinfective therapies. Cysteine rich peptides (CRPs) are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents that modulate the innate immune system of different life forms such as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, plants, insects, and animals. These are also expressed in several plant tissues in response to invasion by pathogens, and play a crucial role in the regulation of plant growth and development. The present work explores the importance of CRPs as potent antimicrobial agents, which can supplement and/or replace the conventional antibiotics. Different plant parts of diverse plant species showed the presence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which had significant structural and functional diversity. The plant-derived AMPs exhibited potent activity toward a range of plant and animal pathogens, protozoans, insects, and even against cancer cells. The cysteine-rich AMPs have opened new avenues for the use of plants as biofactories for the production of antimicrobials and can be considered as promising antimicrobial drugs in biotherapeutics