KREDIT BERMASALAH DALAM LIKUIDITAS DENGAN PERSPEKTIF CARACTER, CAPITAL, CAPASITY, COLLETERAL DAN CONDITION OF ECONOMIC (5C) (Studi Naratif pada PD.BPR Bank Gresik)

This study aims to analyze the meaning of the relationship of problem loans with liquidity in the perspective of 5C in PD. BPR. Bank Gresik uses a narrative study approach. This study analyzes non-performing loans and liquidity with the perspectives of 5C (Character, Capital, Capacity, Colleteral and Condition of Economic. The results of the analysis show that non-performing loans are one of the causes of the decline in bank income or profits

Bancassurance and the Consumers’ Perspective on Bank Service Quality

This article elaborates the perspective and quality of bank services between private and state-owned bank companies in Indonesia. The empirical result shows that consumers’ perspectives on service quality remain constant and has big influence on the banks’ performances. There are no changes for knowledge aspect from consumer. After product knowledge explanation to consumer, inconveniences of consumer reduce significantly for positive perspective. In addition, tools of marketing effect are documented, two factors have contributed to the process. Repeated information and language simplicity shows negative relation with consumer perspective. These results suggest that the bancassurance architectural structure for banks does offer some benefits and thus may become more prominent in future years.     Keywords: bancassurance, service quality, consumer perspective

KREDIT BERMASALAH DALAM LIKUIDITAS DENGAN PERSPEKTIF CARACTER, CAPITAL, CAPASITY, COLLETERAL DAN CONDITION OF ECONOMIC (5C) (Studi Naratif pada PD.BPR Bank Gresik)

This study aims to analyze the meaning of the relationship of problem loans with liquidity in the perspective of 5C in PD. BPR. Bank Gresik uses a narrative study approach. This study analyzes non-performing loans and liquidity with the perspectives of 5C (Character, Capital, Capacity, Colleteral and Condition of Economic. The results of the analysis show that non-performing loans are one of the causes of the decline in bank income or profits

Steganography A Data Hiding Technique

Steganography implements an encryption technique in which communication takes place by hiding information. A hidden message is the combination of a secret message with the carrier message. This technique can be used to hide the message in an image, a video file, an audio file or in a file system. There are large variety of steganography techniques that will be used for hiding secret information in images. The final output image is called as a stego-image which consists of a secret message or information. Imperceptibility, payload, and robustness are three most important parameters for audio steganography. For a more secure approach, encryption can be used, which will encrypt the secret message using a secret key and then sent to the receiver. The receiver after receiving the message then decrypts the secret message to obtain the original one. In this paper, compared steganography with cryptography, which is an encrypting technique and explained how steganography provides better security in terms of hiding the secret message. In this paper, the various techniques are illustrated, which are used in steganography and studying the implementation of those techniques. Also, demonstrated the implementation process of one of the steganography techniques. A comparative analysis is performed between various steganographic tools by using the sample test images and test data. The quality metrics such as PSNR and SSIM are calculated for the final output images which are used for rating the tools. This paper also discusses about the Steganalysis which is known as the process of identifying the use of steganography

The importance of effective cultural diversity training programmes for hotels

Abstract: This paper aims to establish the importance of implementing cultural diversity training programmes in South African hotels in order to assist both manager and general staff better deal with culturally associated dilemmas faced in the working environment. The paper reports on the extent of cultural diversity within South African hotels by exploring the various dimensions of cultural diversity found within the hotel workforce, the organisational stance on cultural diversity as well as cultural diversity challenges faced by both mangers and general employees. There have been many studies conducted in continents such as North America and Europe on the importance of cultural diversity, but few studies have been conducted on the importance of management participation within these studies (Reynold, Raham, & Bradetich,2013: 430). Managers participation in cultural diversity training is then vital in order to be sensitive to cultural differences so that they can review their own perceptions and behaviours making it easier to manage their diverse employees more efficiently, otherwise these cultural barriers may cause discomfort and stress for the judged party involved (Baum, Devine & Hearns, 2007). Using quantitative approach a five- point Likert – scale questionnaire was utilized in order to provide clarity on the views of managers and employees in regards to cultural diversity and the challenges both parties faced

Analisis kemandirian keluarga muda terhadap pemenuhan ekonomi keluarga perspektif Hukum Perkawinan

ABSTRAK Bentuk keluarga yang ideal adalah dapat berjalan sendiri tanpa adanya ketergantungan dari orang lain, dalam artian menjadi keluarga yang mandiri. Salah satu bentuk kemandirian yang harus dipenuhi oleh keluarga yaitu terhadap pemenuhan ekonomi keluarga yang menjadi tugas dari seorang suami. Berdasarkan hukum perkawinan yang berlaku Indonesia, maka kelurga muda sejak terjadinya akad yang sah, dituntut untuk dapat mandiri secara ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses terjadinya kemandirian ekonomi keluarga muda di Kecamatan Batukliang Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dalam rangka melaksanakan hukum perkawinan Indonesia dan untuk mendeskripsikan serta mengkaji kemandirian keluarga muda di Kecamatan Batukliang Kabupaten Lombok Tengah terhadap pemenuhan ekonomi keluarga perspektif hukum perkawinan Indonesia. Pendekatan penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian empiris. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan 3 metode yaitu observasi, wawancara terstruktur dan dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis data, penelitian ini menggunakan 3 tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Untuk mendapatkan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan meningkatkan ketekunan dan tehnik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) seluruh suami dari 12 sampel keluarga muda di Kecamatan Batukliang Kabupaten Lombok Tengah telah menjalankan semua aspek kewajiban pemenuhan ekonomi berdasarkan kemampuannya dan dilakukan dengan beragam upaya di antaranya yaitu: pertama, pada pemenuhan kediaman tetap dengan menabung, mengambil hutang di bank dan membangun secara bertahap. Kedua, pemenuhan nafkah istri diberikan dengan rentang waktu yang berbeda-beda dengan didominasi nafkah menjadi satu dengan biaya rumah tangga. Ketiga, pemenuhan biaya rumah tangga dengan memberikan uang ataupun barang sesuai dengan kebutuhan rumah. Keempat, pemenuhan kiswah atau pakaian dominan telah tergabung dengan nafkah serta biaya rumah tangga atau diberikan pada saat istri meminta. Kelima, pemenuhan kesehatan dengan upaya membuat BPJS ataupun membelikan obat. Keenam, pemenuhan biaya pendidikan anak upaya yang dilakukan dengan membelikan kebutuhan penunjang pendidikan anak serta menyiapkan anggaran khusus. (2) Berdasarkan hukum perkawinan Indonesia yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam, didapatkan bahwa terjadi ketidaksesuaian antara aturan yang berlaku dengan praktik yang dilakukan oleh 12 pasangan keluarga muda di Kecamatan Batukliang Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Dari semua pasangan keluarga muda tersebut dalam rangka memenuhi aspek kewajiban pemenuhan ekonomi dilakukan berdasarkan kadar kemampuan masing-masing, akan tetapi masih banyak ketergantungan kepada orang tua, terutama dalam hal pemenuhan kediaman tetap atau rumah dominan mengalami kesulitan untuk dipenuhi. Sehingga jika dihitung berdasarkan usia perkawinan, kemandirian ekonomi keluarga muda dapat tercapai pada usia perkawinan 6 tahun serta penghasilan dari suami sangat mempengaruhi pemenuhan ekonomi keluarga. ABSTRACT The ideal form of family is to be independent without being dependent on other people, in the sense of being an independent family. One form of independent family that must be fulfilled is the fulfillment of the family economy which is the duty of the house holder (husband). Based on Indonesian Marriage Law, young family is required to be economically independent since the akad nikah (marriage contract) being lawful. This research aimed to analyze the process of young family economy independent in Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency in order to implement Indonesian Marriage Law, to describe and to examine the autonomy of young family towards family economic fulfillment on Marriage Law Perspective. This research approach was qualitative empirical research. Data collection method were observation, structured interview, and documentation. Then, data were analyzed by using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Moreover, the data validity was done by increasing the persistence and triangulation techniques. The result showed that: (1) all young families house holders (husbands) in Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency had carried out all aspects of fulfilling economic obligations based on their abilities. It all carried out with various efforts included: First, husbands saved the money to fulfil the permanent residence, or he took debt at bank and build gradually. Second, husbands fulfilled their wife’s stuffs by including them in household expenses and provided on different time-frames. Third, husbands fulfilled the household expenses by giving money or things according to the needs of the family. Fourth, husbands fulfilled the kiswah (clothing for wife) by including it to the household expenses, or whenever their wife’s asked. Fifth, husbands fulfilled the health insurance by joining Government Health Insurance (BPJS-Kesehatan) or bought medicines at drugstore. Sixth, husband fulfilled the child education by preparing the education insurance and school stuffs. (2) Based on Indonesian marriage law, namely Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and Compilation of Islamic Law, it was found that there was a discrepancy between the applicable rules and the practices carried out by 12 young family couples in Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency. Of all the young family couples in order to fulfill the aspect of economic fulfillment obligations are carried out based on the level of ability of each, however there is still a lot of dependence on parents, especially in terms of fulfilling permanent residence or dominant homes which experience difficulties to fulfill. So if calculated based on the age of marriage, the independent of young family could be achieved at the age of six years of marriage and the husband's income extremely affects the fulfillment of the family's economy. مستخلص البحث الشكل المثالي للعائلة هو أن تكون قادرًا على المشي بمفردك دون الاعتماد على أشخاص آخرين ، بمعنى أن تكون أسرة مستقلة. أحد أشكال الاستقلال التي يجب أن تحققها الأسرة هو تحقيق اقتصاد الأسرة الذي هو واجب الزوج. بناءً على قانون الزواج الإندونيسي المعمول به ، يتعين على العائلات الشابة أن تكون مستقلة اقتصاديًا من وقت سريان العقد. هدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل عملية الاستقلال الاقتصادي للعائلات الشابة في منطقة باتوكليانج ، مقاطعة لومبوك الوسطى من أجل تنفيذ قانون الزواج الإندونيسي ووصف وفحص استقلالية العائلات الشابة في منطقة باتوكليانج ، مقاطعة لومبوك الوسطى تجاه تحقيق اقتصاد الأسرة من منظور قانون الزواج الإندونيسي. نهج البحث هذا نوعي مع نوع البحث التجريبي. جمع بيانات البحث باستخدام 3 طرق وهي الملاحظة والمقابلات المنظمة والتوثيق. في تحليل البيانات ، استخدمت هذه الدراسة 3 مراحل ، وهي تقليل البيانات وعرض البيانات واستخلاص النتائج. للحصول على صحة البيانات يتم عن طريق زيادة تقنيات المثابرة والتثليث. نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى ما يلي: (1) قام جميع الأزواج من العائلات الشابة في منطقة باتوكليانغ ، مقاطعة لومبوك الوسطى ، بتنفيذ جميع جوانب الوفاء بالالتزامات الاقتصادية بناءً على قدراتهم ونفذوا بجهود مختلفة بما في ذلك: أولاً ، تحقيق الإقامة الدائمة عن طريق الادخار وأخذ الديون في البنوك والبناء التدريجي. ثانيًا ، يتم توفير أطر زمنية مختلفة لاستيفاء نفقة الزوجة مع غلبة الدخل على المصاريف المنزلية. ثالثاً: الوفاء بمصروفات المنزل بإعطاء مال أو سلعة حسب حاجة المنزل. رابعًا ، تم الجمع بين الوفاء بالكسوة أو الثياب السائدة مع نفقات المعيشة ونفقات المنزل أو إعطائها عندما تطلب الزوجة. خامساً ، تحقيق الصحة عن طريق صنع تامين صحي أو شراء الأدوية, سادسا, يتم بذل الجهود لتغطية تكاليف التعليم الأطفال من خلال شراء الاحتياجات الداعمة لتعليم الأطفال وإعداد ميزانية خاصة. (2) استنادًا إلى قانون الزواج الإندونيسي ، أي القانون رقم 1 لعام 1974 بشأن الزواج وتجميع الشريعة الإسلامية ، وجد أن هناك تناقضًا بين القواعد المعمول بها والممارسات التي يقوم بها 12 زوجًا من الأسرة الشابة في مقاطعة باتوكليانغ ، مقاطعة لومبوك المركزية. من بين جميع الأزواج في الأسرة الشابة من أجل الوفاء بالتزامات الوفاء الاقتصادي يتم تنفيذها على أساس مستوى قدرة كل منهم ، ومع ذلك لا يزال هناك الكثير من الاعتماد على الوالدين ، خاصة فيما يتعلق بالوفاء بالإقامة الدائمة أو المنازل المهيمنة التي تعاني صعوبات في الوفاء. لذلك إذا تم حسابه على أساس سن الزواج ، فيمكن تحقيق الاستقلال الاقتصادي للأسر الشابة في سن 6 سنوات من الزواج ويؤثر دخل الزوج بشكل كبير على تحقيق اقتصاد الأسرة

The fourth industrial revolution: Implications for hotels in South Africa and Kenya

In this research note we seek to highlight the implications of the fourth industrial revolution for hotels in South Africa (SA) and Kenya. We have demonstrated that South Africa has excelled in mobile phone penetration as well as social media use compared to Kenya. However, Kenya is ahead of South Africa in mobile money transfer systems and has the fastest and lowest internet rates in Africa. It is evident that tourist arrivals are being consumed by uncontrolled sectors fuelled by online marketing agencies, which are gradually replacing the traditional distribution channels in the hotel industry. In addition hotels in SA and Kenya are experiencing a sharp escalation in web-based bookings. The first implication of this is that established hotel companies are facing competition from facilities that cannot be regularized particularly for the leisure travelers. Secondly, web-based booking has made it necessary for new tech savvy talent to be recruited at the expense of the erstwhile-preferred extrovert tourism executive. We have also found out that hotels use mobile social media in communication, sales promotions, relationship development and loyalty programs as well as marketing research. The spontaneous and unpredictable aspect of social media represents a real challenge for hoteliers

The fourth industrial revolution: Implications for hotels in South Africa and Kenya

In this research note we seek to highlight the implications of the fourth industrial revolution for hotels in South Africa (SA) and Kenya. We have demonstrated that South Africa has excelled in mobile phone penetration as well as social media use compared to Kenya. However, Kenya is ahead of South Africa in mobile money transfer systems and has the fastest and lowest internet rates in Africa. It is evident that tourist arrivals are being consumed by uncontrolled sectors fuelled by online marketing agencies, which are gradually replacing the traditional distribution channels in the hotel industry. In addition hotels in SA and Kenya are experiencing a sharp escalation in web-based bookings. The first implication of this is that established hotel companies are facing competition from facilities that cannot be regularized particularly for the leisure travelers. Secondly, web-based booking has made it necessary for new tech savvy talent to be recruited at the expense of the erstwhile-preferred extrovert tourism executive. We have also found out that hotels use mobile social media in communication, sales promotions, relationship development and loyalty programs as well as marketing research. The spontaneous and unpredictable aspect of social media represents a real challenge for hoteliers