<i>acn-1</i> RNAi caused resistance to oxidative and heat stress.

<p><i>acn-1</i> RNAi caused resistance to oxidative and heat stress.</p

Captopril extended the adult lifespan.

<p>(A) Structure of captopril. (B) Survival curves of wild-type (WT) hermaphrodites cultured at 20°C with no drug or captopril (Cap) at concentrations of 1.9 mM, 2.54 mM and 3.18 mM in the NGM medium. Hermaphrodites were exposed to captopril starting at the L4 stage (day 0) and monitored regularly until death. (C) Wild-type hermaphrodites were treated with no drug or 2.54 mM captopril at 20°C. These data represent the analysis of 500 animals in 10 trials, whereas the data in panel B represent 58 animals in 2 trials. (D) WT hermaphrodites were cultured at 15°C. See <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005866#pgen.1005866.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for summary statistics, number of animals and number of independent experiments.</p

Captopril interactions with longevity pathways.

<p>Survival curves of mutant hermaphrodites cultured at 20°C with no drug or 2.54 mM captopril (Cap). Hermaphrodites were exposed to captopril starting at the L4 stage (day 0) and monitored regularly until death. Genotypes were (A) <i>eat-2(ad1116)</i>, (B) <i>isp-1(qm150)</i>, (C) <i>sir-2</i>.<i>1(ok434)</i>, (D) <i>daf-2(e1370)</i> and (E) <i>daf-16(mu86)</i>. See <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005866#pgen.1005866.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for summary statistics, number of animals and number of independent experiments.</p

Special Attributes of Adolescent Behaviour and Communication

This thesis is based on theoretical findings in the area of developmental psychology and focuses on the period of adolescence. The aim of the thesis is the description of specific features of adolescence as a developmental period typically associated with certain types of behaviour and typical language usage, mainly in the area of vocabulary. The thesis aims at linking description of intellectual development with linguistic alasysis to specify norms of communication within the youth subculture. Theoretical claims are verified by data from empirical research in the form of a survey and linguistic analyses of both audio and video recordings and samples of written communication between adolescents. The thesis accentuates the term youth subculture and puts forward that one of its main characteristics is a specific area of vocabulary which helps to strengthen peer relationships

Genetic analysis of reproductive aging in <i>C. elegans</i>.

<p>(A) <i>C. elegans</i> displays a series of age-related degenerative changes including loss of self-fertile reproduction (red), mated reproduction (blue), pharyngeal pumping (green), and survival (black). (B) Three major discovery approaches have been used to identify genes that influence reproductive aging.</p

<i>acn-1</i> RNAi delayed age-related degenerative changes.

<p><i>rrf-3(pk1426)</i> mutant hermaphrodites were cultured at 20°C with bacteria containing the control RNAi plasmid (L4440, blue) or the <i>acn-1</i> RNAi plasmid (red) starting at the embryonic stage. (A) Body movement was assessed by counting body bends with a dissecting microscope. (B) Images show bacterial lawns. Day 15 adults were cultured on fresh, smooth lawns for two hours–lines are tracks caused by moving worms. Animals treated with <i>acn-1</i> RNAi generated more tracks than control animals, and the tracks are suggestive of more coordinated sinusoidal movement compared to control animals. (C) Pharyngeal pumping was assessed by counting pumps with a dissecting microscope. n.s., <i>P</i> > 0.05; *, <i>P</i> < 0.05; **, <i>P</i> < 0.005; ***, <i>P</i> < 0.0001.</p

<i>acn-1</i> RNAi increased stress resistance.

<p>Hermaphrodites were cultured at 20°C with bacteria containing the control RNAi plasmid (L4440, blue) or the <i>acn-1</i> RNAi plasmid (red) starting at the embryonic stage. (A) <i>rrf-3</i> mutant animals were shifted to 34°C, a heat stress, and scored hourly for survival starting at 6 hours. <i>rrf-3</i> mutant (B) or WT (C) animals were transferred to NGM dishes with 40 mM paraquat, an oxidative stress, and scored every 12 hours for survival. (D) <i>rrf-3</i> mutant animals were transferred to liquid medium containing 240 uM juglone, another oxidative stress, and scored for survival after 9 hours. Bars indicate percent survival and standard deviation. See <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005866#pgen.1005866.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> for summary statistics, number of animals and number of independent experiments. *, <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p

<i>acn-1</i> RNAi interactions with longevity pathways.

<p>Survival curves of mutant hermaphrodites cultured at 20°C with bacteria containing the control RNAi plasmid (L4440, blue) or the <i>acn-1</i> RNAi plasmid (red). Hermaphrodites were exposed to RNAi bacteria starting at the embryonic stage and monitored regularly until death. Genotypes were (A) <i>eat-2 (ad1116)</i>, (B) <i>isp-1 (qm150)</i>, (C) <i>sir-2</i>.<i>1 (ok434)</i>, (D) <i>daf-2 (e1370)</i>, (E) <i>daf-16 (mu86)</i>, (F) <i>age-1 (hx546)</i>, (G) <i>rict-1 (mg360)</i> and (H) <i>hsf-1 (sy441)</i>. See <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005866#pgen.1005866.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a> for summary statistics, number of animals and number of independent experiments.</p

Captopril extended adult lifespan.

<p>Captopril extended adult lifespan.</p

Reproductive Aging Is Independent of Early Progeny Production

<p>Wild-type (A), <i>spe-8(hc50)</i> (B), or <i>fog-2(q71)</i> (C) hermaphrodites were mated to wild-type (WT) males for 24–48 h starting with the day specified. Graphs show daily progeny production, and (D) shows the average total progeny production (+/−standard error) for days 1–7 and days 8–12. N, the number of animals examined. * and ** represent a <i>p</i>-value of 0.01−0.05 and <0.01, respectively, compared to the mated day 1 value of the same genotype. (E) A summary of the effects on early and late reproduction of an anticonvulsant drug, temperature, and mutations that affect mitochondrial function, caloric intake, and IGF signaling.</p