Micro-Relief Surface Depression Storage: Changes During Rainfall Events And Their Application To Rainfall-Runoff Models

Micro-relief surface depression storage is one of the dynamic components of the rainfall-runoff process. The quantification of the effect of rainfall intensity and duration on the micro-relief was the subject of this study. Micro-relief measurements were made on 88 soil bin samples before and after the application of simulated rainfall events. The surface depression changes are described with empirical equations, using basic rainfall, surface hydrology, and soil parameters and their cross products as independent variables. A rainfall-runoff model demonstrates the value of a dynamic description of the surface depression storage function

Micro-Relief Surface Depression Storage: Changes During Rainfall Events And Their Application To Rainfall-Runoff Models

Micro-relief surface depression storage is one of the dynamic components of the rainfall-runoff process. The quantification of the effect of rainfall intensity and duration on the micro-relief was the subject of this study. Micro-relief measurements were made on 88 soil bin samples before and after the application of simulated rainfall events. The surface depression changes are described with empirical equations, using basic rainfall, surface hydrology, and soil parameters and their cross products as independent variables. A rainfall-runoff model demonstrates the value of a dynamic description of the surface depression storage function

Theory and Application of Dissociative Electron Capture in Molecular Identification

The coupling of an electron monochromator (EM) to a mass spectrometer (MS) has created a new analytical technique, EM-MS, for the investigation of electrophilic compounds. This method provides a powerful tool for molecular identification of compounds contained in complex matrices, such as environmental samples. EM-MS expands the application and selectivity of traditional MS through the inclusion of a new dimension in the space of molecular characteristics--the electron resonance energy spectrum. However, before this tool can realize its full potential, it will be necessary to create a library of resonance energy scans from standards of the molecules for which EM-MS offers a practical means of detection. Here, an approach supplementing direct measurement with chemical inference and quantum scattering theory is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of directly calculating resonance energy spectra. This approach makes use of the symmetry of the transition-matrix element of the captured electron to discriminate between the spectra of isomers. As a way of validating this approach, the resonance values for twenty-five nitrated aromatic compounds were measured along with their relative abundance. Subsequently, the spectra for the isomers of nitrotoluene were shown to be consistent with the symmetry-based model. The initial success of this treatment suggests that it might be possible to predict negative ion resonances and thus create a library of EM-MS standards.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure

Logical design of a decision support system to forecast technology, prices and costs for the National Communications System

http://archive.org/details/logicaldesignofd00willNAN

Why Are Students Not Majoring in Information Systems?

The purpose of this study was to examine some of the factors that influence and impact business students when they select their major and, more particularly, to examine why students are not majoring in information systems. Students in an entry level business class responded that they were more knowledgeable about careers in management, marketing, accounting, and finance than they were about careers in information systems. These business students indicated that they are looking for majors that will be interesting, provide them with job security initially and over their careers, and pay them well. The most important information sources used by these students in their major selection decision were information on college/department websites, brochures about the major, and information on the Internet. When asked why they were not majoring in information systems, the top two reasons given were not what I wanted to do and subject not of interest

Fertility and Childbearing Among American Female Physicians

Background: Female physicians may experience unique challenges regarding fertility and family planning. We sought to determine childbearing patterns and decision-making among American female physicians. Materials and Methods: In 2012?2013, we surveyed a random sample of 600 female physicians who graduated medical school between 1995 and 2000. Primary outcome measures included fertility and childbearing history, reflections regarding decision-making, perceptions of workplace support, and estimations of childbearing potential. Results: Response rate was 54.5% (327/600). A majority (82.0%) of the sample were parents, 77.4% had biological children with an average of 2.3 children. Average age at medical school graduation was 27.5 years, at completion of training (completion of medical school, residency, and/or fellowship) was 31.6 years, and at first pregnancy was 30.4 years. Nearly one quarter (24.1%) of respondents who had attempted conception were diagnosed with infertility, with an average age at diagnosis of 33.7 years. Among those with infertility, 29.3% reported diminished ovarian reserve. When asked what they would do differently in retrospect, most respondents (56.8%) would do nothing differently regarding fertility/conception/childbearing, 28.6% would have attempted conception earlier, 17.1% would have gone into a different specialty, and 7.0% would have used cryopreservation to extend fertility. Fewer of those whose first pregnancy was in medical school perceived substantial workplace support (68.2%) than those whose first pregnancies followed training (88.6%). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of female physicians have faced infertility or have regrets about family planning decisions and career decision-making. Combining a medical career with motherhood continues to pose challenges, meriting further investigation and targeted support.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140144/1/jwh.2015.5638.pd

Micro-Hall Magnetometry Studies of Thermally Assisted and Pure Quantum Tunneling in Single Molecule Magnet Mn12-Acetate

We have studied the crossover between thermally assisted and pure quantum tunneling in single crystals of high spin (S=10) uniaxial single molecule magnet Mn12-acetate using micro-Hall effect magnetometry. Magnetic hysteresis experiments have been used toinvestigate the energy levels that determine the magnetization reversal as a function of magnetic field and temperature. These experiments demonstrate that the crossover occurs in a narrow (~0.1 K) or broad (~1 K) temperature interval depending on the magnitude and direction of the applied field. For low external fields applied parallel to the easy axis, the energy levels that dominate the tunneling shift abruptly with temperature. In the presence of a transverse field and/or large longitudinal field these energy levels change with temperature more gradually. A comparison of our experimental results with model calculations of this crossover suggest that there are additional mechanisms that enhance the tunneling rate of low lying energy levels and broaden the crossover for small transverse fields.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Photogrammetric system and method used in the characterization of a structure

A photogrammetric system uses an array of spaced-apart targets coupled to a structure. Each target exhibits fluorescence when exposed to a broad beam of illumination. A photogrammetric imaging system located remotely with respect to the structure detects and processes the fluorescence (but not the illumination wavelength) to measure the shape of a structure

Telerehabilitation for people with physical disabilities and movement impairment: development and evaluation of an online toolkit for practitioners and patients.

PURPOSE: Telerehabilitation has increasingly been used since the COVID-19 pandemic but with limited guidance available on undertaking physical assessments using remote methods. We aimed to provide such guidance by developing a Telerehab Toolkit, an online information and training resource for practitioners, patients, and carers on telerehabilitation for people with physical disabilities and movement impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Development and evaluation of the toolkit were informed by the Knowledge to Action framework and took place iteratively in two phases-knowledge creation and action. Information was collated from various sources including literature review, online survey, service evaluation, and focus group discussions. The toolkit has been evaluated using think-aloud interviews, e-mail and social media feedback from users, and analytics data on user engagement with the website. RESULTS: The Telerehab Toolkit focuses on remote physical assessments, and contains information on technology, digital skills, remote assessment tools, information governance, and safety for telerehabilitation. Resources include top tips from practitioners and patients, how-to guides, checklists, videos, and links to evidence. CONCLUSIONS: The Telerehab Toolkit has been well-received by practitioners, healthcare students, patients, and carers, is being disseminated widely, and is freely available (www.plymouth.ac.uk/research/telerehab). IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONTelerehabilitation has been increasingly used since the COVID-19 pandemic, but with limited guidance and training for practitioners on undertaking safe and effective remote physical assessments.The Telerehab Toolkit has been developed iteratively using the Knowledge to Action framework; it is a free online resource for practitioners and patients with specific guidance on telerehabilitation for physical disabilities and movement impairment.It is anticipated that the resource will help to improve the knowledge, skills, and confidence of the current and future rehabilitation workforce