3,802 research outputs found
Early-type stars observed in the ESO UVES Paranal Observatory Project - V. Time-variable interstellar absorption
The structure and properties of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) on
small scales, sub-au to 1 pc, are poorly understood. We compare interstellar
absorption-lines, observed towards a selection of O- and B-type stars at two or
more epochs, to search for variations over time caused by the transverse motion
of each star combined with changes in the structure in the foreground ISM. Two
sets of data were used: 83 VLT- UVES spectra with approximately 6 yr between
epochs and 21 McDonald observatory 2.7m telescope echelle spectra with 6 - 20
yr between epochs, over a range of scales from 0 - 360 au. The interstellar
absorption-lines observed at the two epochs were subtracted and searched for
any residuals due to changes in the foreground ISM. Of the 104 sightlines
investigated with typically five or more components in Na I D, possible
temporal variation was identified in five UVES spectra (six components), in Ca
II, Ca I and/or Na I absorption-lines. The variations detected range from 7\%
to a factor of 3.6 in column density. No variation was found in any other
interstellar species. Most sightlines show no variation, with 3{\sigma} upper
limits to changes of the order 0.1 - 0.3 dex in Ca II and Na I. These
variations observed imply that fine-scale structure is present in the ISM, but
at the resolution available in this study, is not very common at visible
wavelengths. A determination of the electron densities and lower limits to the
total number density of a sample of the sightlines implies that there is no
striking difference between these parameters in sightlines with, and sightlines
without, varying components.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
-- mixing and oblique corrections in an model
A global fit for experiments is included in this revised version.Comment: IFP-460-UNC, TRI-PP-93-11, 20 pages, 2 figures are appende
What Should a Psychiatrist Know About Genetics? Review and Recommendations From the Residency Education Committee of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics.
The International Society of Psychiatric Genetics (ISPG) created a Residency Education Committee with the purpose of identifying key genetic knowledge that should be taught in psychiatric training programs. Thirteen committee members were appointed by the ISPG Board of Directors, based on varied training, expertise, gender, and national origin. The Committee has met quarterly for the past 2 years, with periodic reports to the Board and to the members of the Society. The information summarized includes the existing literature in the field of psychiatric genetics and the output of ongoing large genomics consortia. An outline of clinically relevant areas of genetic knowledge was developed, circulated, and approved. This document was expanded and annotated with appropriate references, and the manuscript was developed. Specific information regarding the contribution of common and rare genetic variants to major psychiatric disorders and treatment response is now available. Current challenges include the following: (1) Genetic testing is recommended in the evaluation of autism and intellectual disability, but its use is limited in current clinical practice. (2) Commercial pharmacogenomic testing is widely available, but its utility has not yet been clearly established. (3) Other methods, such as whole exome and whole genome sequencing, will soon be clinically applicable. The need for informed genetic counseling in psychiatry is greater than ever before, knowledge in the field is rapidly growing, and genetic education should become an integral part of psychiatric training
Software Citation Implementation Challenges
The main output of the FORCE11 Software Citation working group
(https://www.force11.org/group/software-citation-working-group) was a paper on
software citation principles (https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.86) published in
September 2016. This paper laid out a set of six high-level principles for
software citation (importance, credit and attribution, unique identification,
persistence, accessibility, and specificity) and discussed how they could be
used to implement software citation in the scholarly community. In a series of
talks and other activities, we have promoted software citation using these
increasingly accepted principles. At the time the initial paper was published,
we also provided guidance and examples on how to make software citable, though
we now realize there are unresolved problems with that guidance. The purpose of
this document is to provide an explanation of current issues impacting
scholarly attribution of research software, organize updated implementation
guidance, and identify where best practices and solutions are still needed
Rationale for and protocol of a multi-national population-based bacteremia surveillance collaborative
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bloodstream infections are frequent causes of human illness and cause major morbidity and death. In order to best define the epidemiology of these infections and to track changes in occurrence, adverse outcome, and resistance rates over time, population based methodologies are optimal. However, few population-based surveillance systems exist worldwide, and because of differences in methodology inter-regional comparisons are limited. In this report we describe the rationale and propose first practical steps for developing an international collaborative approach to the epidemiologic study and surveillance for bacteremia.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>The founding collaborative participants represent six regions in four countries in three continents with a combined annual surveillance population of more than 8 million residents.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Future studies from this collaborative should lead to a better understanding of the epidemiology of bloodstream infections.</p
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