Reform of police custody: piecemeal tweaks, defunding, abolition or transformation?

This paper argues for the substantial reduction of the ambit of police custody, and for the regulation of police conduct in custody blocks. Detention in custody is widely used by the police to apply pressure on suspects to make confessions. This is oppressive and wasteful. Custody should be used much more sparingly and only where detention is necessary for safety reasons. Custody can in any case be a dangerous place for detainees. An average of up to 23 people die in police custody every year, including four detainees from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Heritage, a greater proportion than their percentage of the population. Regulation of police conduct in custody blocks is supposed to be carried out by the little-known statutory Independent Custody Visiting Scheme. The scheme enables members of the public to make unannounced visits to police stations and to check and report on the welfare of detainees. As the result of government policy and the power of the police, the visiting scheme is neither independent nor effective, fails to challenge the police, makes no discernible impact on their behaviour or on the deaths in custody figures, provides no measure of police accountability, and obscures the need for urgent reform. This paper recommends immediate implementation of these reforms because they would save lives

The Apprasial Of the Physical Education Program in the 9th District Of Arkansas

The earliest forerunner of Modern Physical Education was undoubtedly a matter of learning and applying skills of survival. To a greater extent than is ordinarily necessary today, men of the past dealt with life on a physical basis, thus, education for life was to a large extent a kind of physical education, which accounts for the contention that physical education is the oldest form of education. Colonial and pioneer schools were designed solely for mental education. This was partly due to then-current religious beliefs which greatly retarded the development of any type of play in the schools. This belief held that play if it existed at all, should be reserved for after school and holidays. It also taught that chores and work would be sufficient for any physical development. Physical educators have in their history and in their future a great challenge and responsibility. The modern labor-saving devices which have eliminated many of our physical activities and made the working day much shorter have confronted this generation (and future generations) with the great possibility of physical weakness or softness. And all indications are that this country will continue to become more highly mechanized with each passing year. As this happens and the working day is continually shortened, there will be less actual need for physical exertion. With this decrease in activity, nervous tension will increase. Nervous tension and the lack of adequate physical activity are great contributors to the rapidly growing rate of disease of the heart and blood vessels

Remarks on the Prevailing Custom of Attending Stage Entertainments: Also on the Present Taste for Reading Romances and Novels: And on Some Other Customs: Submitted, with a Heart Overflowing with Good Will, to the Notice and Consideration of the Professors of the Christian Name, in the Different Religious Societies

Inscription on t.p.: Thomas Scattergood to Rebecca Scattergood, 1812. 31 pages, 15 cm.https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/quakerbooks/1048/thumbnail.jp