15,633 research outputs found
Silence at a Price? Judicial Questionnaires and the Independence of Alaskaâs Judiciary
The real estate industry is facing a major change. The activity based working is promoted heavily by real estate companies, brokers and consultants as the future workplace. Knowledge and information is however limited. Many concepts have a tendency to get mixed up when companies on the market choose to formulate their own concepts. The research is neglected, and more focused on health and design. This thesis focuses on describing how the market may evolve the knowledge and how to implement the activity based working in the workplaces. Purpose The thesis aims to conduct a study to clarify the question of what activity based working means. The focus will be to examining the current work that is proceeding on the market but also explore if it would be possible to facilitate the implementation of the activity based working by using explorative factor analysis. Primary questions âą How to define activity based working? âą Which theories support the discussion and definition of activity based working? âą Which concepts are available on the market today and how are these promoted? âą Can the implementation of the activity based working be facilitated by using an activity based scale that measures needs and reactions in different workplace environments? Method The thesis consists of both a qualitative and a quantitative study. The qualitative study is based on interviews and a survey of how the market perceive the activity based working and with which keywords associated with the concept. In total, seven interviews were conducted. The quantitative survey consised of approximately 1000 surveys. Conclusions âą Importance of a common definition and market approach for activity based working âą Manage the self interest in the market to ensure a good development of activity based working âą Activity based working is not just about design and floorlayouts. âą Knowledge sharing should be prioritized âą Organization, Technology and Premises are all very influencing aspects âą The implementation requires a lot of time and effort âą Through exploratory factor analysis, is it possible to define the driving forxes within the organization. âą The workplace is no longer a specific place. It is an activity that can be performed in multiple places. Future research Future research should focus to continuing efforts on create an overall overview of the activity based working, but also develop clear and efficient processes for the implementation of the activity based working. Other interesting aspects are the international dimension of the work. The development with activity based working will in the future not only be applied on offices. To therefore explore how various industries work with the concepts and if there are any specific needs to develop in the future. Definition In the analysis chapter the author presents a comprehensive definition of activity based working which is developed with the support by the qualitative and quantitative research: âBased on the activities that occur in the workplace, teadership, facilities, and technology are customized to effectively and in a structured way maximize the benefits and value of the work that the individuals performsâFastighetsbranschen stĂ„r inför en förĂ€ndring. Det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€ttet marknadsförs starkt av fastighetsbolag, mĂ€klare och konsulter som det framtida arbetssĂ€ttet. Kunskapen och informationen Ă€r dock bristfĂ€llig. MĂ„nga begrepp har en tendens att blandas ihop dĂ„ aktörer vĂ€ljer att formulera sina egna begrepp. Forskningen Ă€r eftersatt och mer fokuserad pĂ„ hĂ€lsa och design. Detta examensarbete fokuserar dĂ€rför pĂ„ att redogöra för hur arbetssĂ€ttet kan utvecklas och hur arbetet i framtiden skall pĂ„ ett effektivt sĂ€tt implementera det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€ttet inom svenska företag och organisationer. Syfte Syftet med examensarbetet Ă€r att bringa klarhet i frĂ„gan om vad ett aktivitetsbaserat arbetssĂ€tt Ă€r. Fokus kommer Ă€ven ligga i att undersöka det pĂ„gĂ„ende arbetet pĂ„ marknaden och olika aktörers syn pĂ„ arbetssĂ€ttet. I arbetet undersöks Ă€ven om det skulle vara möjligt att underlĂ€tta implementeringen av ett aktivitetsbaserat arbetsĂ€tt med hjĂ€lp av en aktivitetsbaserad skala som mĂ€ter reaktioner pĂ„ olika arbetsmiljöer. FrĂ„gestĂ€llningar âą Hur definieras aktivitetsbaserat arbetsĂ€tt? âą Vilka teorier stödjer diskussionen och definitionen av aktivitetsbaserat arbetssĂ€tt? âą Vilka koncept finns idag pĂ„ marknaden inom aktivitetsbaserat arbetsĂ€tt och hur preciseras och presenteras dessa? âą Kan implementeringen av ett aktivitetsbaserat arbetsĂ€tt underlĂ€ttas med hjĂ€lp av en aktivitetsbaserad skala som mĂ€ter behov och reaktioner pĂ„ arbetsplatsmiljöer? Metod Undersökningen bestĂ„r dels av en kvalitativ samt en kvantitativ del. Den kvalitativa delen baseras pĂ„ intervjuer och en marknadsundersökning över hur aktörer pĂ„ marknaden uppfattar det aktivitetsbaserade begreppet och vilka nyckelord som anvĂ€nds frekvent. Sammanlagt har sju Ă€ven intervjuer genomförts med framstĂ„ende personer inom Ă€mnesomrĂ„det. Den kvantitativa undersökningen bestĂ„r av ett 100-tal enkĂ€ter som undersökt kunskapen om det aktivitetsbaserade begreppet inom marknaden och Ă€ven hĂ€r vilka nyckelord som anvĂ€nds frekvent. Slutsatser âą Samtliga aktörer bör enas om gemensam definition, information och kommunikation av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€ttet âą Hantera marknadens starka egenintresse av arbetssĂ€ttets utvekcling för att sĂ€kerstĂ€lla en en seriös och förtreoendegivande bild av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€tt âą Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssĂ€tt har mĂ„nga fler dimensioner Ă€n design och planlösningar âą Kunskapsspridning inom Ă€mnesomrĂ„det bör prioriteras och sĂ€kerstĂ€llas âą Organisation, Ledarskap, Medarbetare, Teknik och Lokal Ă€r samtliga aspekter som bör beaktas vid implementeringen av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€ttet âą Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssĂ€tt Ă€r en förĂ€ndringsprocess som krĂ€ver kraft, engagemang och tid âą Genom explorativ faktoranalys kan tydliga drivande aspekter urskiljas inom organisationer (AktivitetsBaserad Skala) âą Arbetsplatsen Ă€r inte lĂ€ngre en specifik plats utan en aktivitet som kan utföras pĂ„ mĂ€ngder av platser. Framtida forskning Den framtida forskningen bör fokuseras pĂ„ att dels fortsĂ€tta arbetet med att skapa en helhetsbild av arbetssĂ€ttet men Ă€ven möjliggöra tydliga och effektiva processer för implementering av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssĂ€ttet. Det internationella perspektivet Ă€r idag mindre utforskat. Ytterliggare ett omrĂ„de som Ă€r av intresse Ă€r hur olika branscher ser pĂ„ utveckling av arbetssĂ€ttet och vilka specifika behov dessa branscher möjligen har. Definition I det avslutande kapitlet redogörs en samlad definition av aktivitetsbaserat arbetsssĂ€tt som Ă€r framtagen med stöd av den kvalitativa och kvantitativa forskningen: â UtifrĂ„n de aktiviteter som sker pĂ„ arbetsplatsen anpassas ledarskap, lokaler och teknik för att pĂ„ ett effektivt och strukturerat sĂ€tt maximera nyttan och vĂ€rdet i det arbete som individerna utför
Censorship challenges to books in Scottish public libraries
Censorship challenges to books in UK public libraries have received renewed attention recently. This study sought to establish the incidence of censorship challenges to books in Scottish public libraries in the years 2005-2009 and the actions taken in response to these challenges. It was found that eight local authorities in Scotland had received formal censorship challenges to books, with a total of 15 challenges throughout the country. The most common action taken in response to these challenges was for the book to be kept in stock in its original position with the rationale for this explained to the complainer, with the second most common action being taken to move the title to another section of the library. Two books were removed from the library in response to a censorship challenge. The largest numbers of challenges were made against books on the basis of sexual material
Social norms and human normative psychology
Our primary aim in this paper is to sketch a cognitive evolutionary approach for developing explanations of social change that is anchored on the psychological mechanisms underlying normative cognition and the transmission of social norms. We throw the relevant features of this approach into relief by comparing it with the self-fulfilling social expectations account developed by Bicchieri and colleagues. After describing both accounts, we argue that the two approaches are largely compatible, but that the cognitive evolutionary approach is well- suited to encompass much of the social expectations view, whose focus on a narrow range of norms comes at the expense of the breadth the cognitive evolutionary approach can provide
Iron metabolism in trypanosomatids, and its crucial role in infection.
Iron is almost ubiquitous in living organisms due to the utility of its redox chemistry. It is also dangerous as it can catalyse the formation of reactive free radicals - a classical double-edged sword. In this review, we examine the uptake and usage of iron by trypanosomatids and discuss how modulation of host iron metabolism plays an important role in the protective response. Trypanosomatids require iron for crucial processes including DNA replication, antioxidant defence, mitochondrial respiration, synthesis of the modified base J and, in African trypanosomes, the alternative oxidase. The source of iron varies between species. Bloodstream-form African trypanosomes acquire iron from their host by uptake of transferrin, and Leishmania amazonensis expresses a ZIP family cation transporter in the plasma membrane. In other trypanosomatids, iron uptake has been poorly characterized. Iron-withholding responses by the host can be a major determinant of disease outcome. Their role in trypanosomatid infections is becoming apparent. For example, the cytosolic sequestration properties of NRAMP1, confer resistance against leishmaniasis. Conversely, cytoplasmic sequestration of iron may be favourable rather than detrimental to Trypanosoma cruzi. The central role of iron in both parasite metabolism and the host response is attracting interest as a possible point of therapeutic intervention
The role of merchandise exports to Mexico in the pattern of Texas employment
In 1987, Texas exported 6.5 billion, of those exports went south to Mexico. By 1994, Texas merchandise exports to Mexico had grown to more than $18.5 billion per year (in 1987 constant dollars). Texas merchandise exports to Mexico (in real terms) have grown more than 10 percent a year for six of the last seven years. ; Using input-output analysis, Kelly George and Lori Taylor find that merchandise exports to Mexico, while representing only about 5 percent of Texas output, have grown in ways that have substantially influenced the composition of the state's economy. The authors attribute a small portion of the state's overall job gains since 1987 to rising merchandise exports to Mexico but find that almost all Texas employment growth in high-tech manufacturing sectors stems from trade with Mexico.Employment (Economic theory) ; Exports ; Mexico ; Texas
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Drug-induced anti-Ro positive subacute cutaneous lupus in a man treated with olmesartan
A 66-year-old man presented to the outpatient dermatology clinic with a chief complaint of a pruritic rash on his upper trunk and proximal upper extremities, which had been present for three weeks. Upon examination, he was found to have an erythematous, annular, and polycyclic eruption on the chest, upper back, and proximal extremities. A clinical diagnosis of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) was made. The patient was found to have a positive anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in a speckled pattern and a positive anti-Ro antibody. A biopsy revealed an interface and lichenoid dermatitis with dermal mucin deposition, consistent with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. The patient reported that he had recently been diagnosed with hypertension and began treatment with olmesartan, a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks the angiotensin II receptor, commonly used as an antihypertensive or in patients with heart failure. Cutaneous reactions to olmesartan are rare and reported in <1% of patients in post-marketing surveillance. The patient discontinued use of olmesartan and the rash completely resolved within three weeks. To date, there are no other reported cases of drug induced SCLE in patients taking olmesartan to our knowledge
A Trickle Of Cash For The River Of Grass: Federal Funding Of Comprehensive Everglades Restoration, A Critique And A Proposal
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