9,329 research outputs found
The Simple Life in a Nutshell
Book promoting vegetarianism as part of a healthy lifestyle. Not a cookbook, but does contain suggestions on which foods to eat and which foods to avoid. Also includes suggestions for general health such as exercise and rest.https://knowledge.e.southern.edu/foodiesguide-1910/1005/thumbnail.jp
Solar Wind Electric Fields in the Ion Cyclotron Frequency Range
Measurements of fluctuations of electric fields in the frequency range from a
fraction of one Hz to 12.5 Hz are presented, and corrected for the Lorentz
transformation of magnetic fluctuations to give the electric fields in the
plasma frame. The electric fields are large enough to provide the dominant
force on the ions of the solar wind in the region near the ion cyclotron
frequency of protons, larger than the force due to magnetic fluctuations. They
provide sufficient velocity space diffusion or heating to counteract
conservation of magnetic moment in the expanding solar wind to maintain nearly
isotropic velocity distributions
Measurement of the electric fluctuation spectrum of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the solar wind is observed to show
the spectral behavior of classical Kolmogorov fluid turbulence over an inertial
subrange and departures from this at short wavelengths, where energy should be
dissipated. Here we present the first measurements of the electric field
fluctuation spectrum over the inertial and dissipative wavenumber ranges in a
plasma. The inertial subrange is observed and
agrees strikingly with the magnetic fluctuation spectrum; the wave phase speed
in this regime is shown to be consistent with the Alfv\'en speed. At smaller
wavelengths the electric spectrum is softer and is consistent
with the expected dispersion relation of short-wavelength kinetic Alfv\'en
waves. Kinetic Alfv\'en waves damp on the solar wind ions and electrons and may
act to isotropize them. This effect may explain the fluid-like nature of the
solar wind.Comment: submitted; 4 pages + 3 figure
Vanishing Hall Resistance at High Magnetic Field in a Double Layer Two-Dimensional Electron System
At total Landau level filling factor a double layer
two-dimensional electron system with small interlayer separation supports a
collective state possessing spontaneous interlayer phase coherence. This state
exhibits the quantized Hall effect when equal electrical currents flow in
parallel through the two layers. In contrast, if the currents in the two layers
are equal, but oppositely directed, both the longitudinal and Hall resistances
of each layer vanish in the low temperature limit. This finding supports the
prediction that the ground state at is an excitonic superfluid.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Development of Replacement Heifers using Combinations of Three Forage Types and Feed Supplements (with or without Broiler Litter)
The proper management of replacement heifers is an essential component of successful cow/calf operations. The level of management and nutrition applied to replacement heifers as calves and yearlings can impact their subsequent reproductive performance and productivity
Chandra detection of extended X-ray emission from the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi
Radio, infrared, and optical observations of the 2006 eruption of the
symbiotic recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) showed that the explosion
produced non-spherical ejecta. Some of this ejected material was in the form of
bipolar jets to the east and west of the central source. Here we describe Xray
observations taken with the Chandra X-ray Observatory one and a half years
after the beginning of the outburst that reveal narrow, extended structure with
a position angle of approximately 300 degrees (east of north). Although the
orientation of the extended feature in the X-ray image is consistent with the
readout direction of the CCD detector, extensive testing suggests that the
feature is not an artifact. Assuming it is not an instrumental effect, the
extended X-ray structure shows hot plasma stretching more than 1,900 AU from
the central binary (taking a distance of 1.6 kpc). The X-ray emission is
elongated in the northwest direction - in line with the extended infrared
emission and some minor features in the published radio image. It is less
consistent with the orientation of the radio jets and the main bipolar optical
structure. Most of the photons in the extended X-ray structure have energies of
less than 0.8 keV. If the extended X-ray feature was produced when the nova
explosion occurred, then its 1".2 length as of 2007 August implies that it
expanded at an average rate of more than 2 mas/d, which corresponds to a flow
speed of greater than 6,000 km/s (d/1.6 kpc) in the plane of the sky. This
expansion rate is similar to the earliest measured expansion rates for the
radio jets.Comment: accepted in Ap
Putting theory oriented evaluation into practice
Evaluations of gaming simulations and business games as teaching devices are typically end-state driven. This emphasis fails to detect how the simulation being evaluated does or does not bring about its desired consequences. This paper advances the use of a logic model approach which possesses a holistic perspective that aims at including all elements associated with the situation created by a game. The use of the logic model approach is illustrated as applied to Simgame, a board game created for secondary school level business education in six European Union countries
Madagascar's grasses and grasslands:anthropogenic or natural?
Grasses, by their high productivity even under very low pCO2, their ability to survive repeated burning and to tolerate long dry seasons, have transformed the terrestrial biomes in the Neogene and Quaternary. The expansion of grasslands at the cost of biodiverse forest biomes in Madagascar is often postulated as a consequence of the Holocene settlement of the island by humans. However, we show that the Malagasy grass flora has many indications of being ancient with a long local evolutionary history, much predating the Holocene arrival of humans. First, the level of endemism in the Madagascar grass flora is well above the global average for large islands. Second, a survey of many of the more diverse areas indicates that there is a very high spatial and ecological turnover in the grass flora, indicating a high degree of niche specialization. We also find some evidence that there are both recently disturbed and natural stable grasslands: phylogenetic community assembly indicates that recently severely disturbed grasslands are phylogenetically clustered, whereas more undisturbed grasslands tend to be phylogenetically more evenly distributed. From this evidence, it is likely that grass communities existed in Madagascar long before human arrival and so were determined by climate, natural grazing and other natural factors. Humans introduced zebu cattle farming and increased fire frequency, and may have triggered an expansion of the grasslands. Grasses probably played the same role in the modification of the Malagasy environments as elsewhere in the tropics
The role of packaged water in meeting global targets on improved water access
Packaged water (as either refill, bottled, or sachet water) has become an important element of water
security in many low- and middle-income countries, owing to poor reliability and lack of piped water
infrastructure. However, over time and across countries, the Demographic and Health Surveys
monitoring program has inconsistently classified packaged water components as either improved or
unimproved. Using data collected as part of the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020
(PMA2020) surveys on water options in nine study geographies across eight countries, we identified
five geographies where packaged water constituted one of several options for 5% or more of users.
In this study, four scenarios were designed in which packaged water components were variously
classified as either improved or unimproved. Unimproved water use was highest in scenarios where
sachet or refill water was classified as an unimproved source. Across the four scenarios, the
difference in the use of unimproved water as the main option was highest (65%) in Nigeria (Lagos).
That difference increased to 78% when considering all regular options. The development of these
scenarios highlights the importance of classifying a source as improved or unimproved in the overall
metric that indicates progress at national and international levels.IS
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