MOXE: An X-ray all-sky monitor for Soviet Spectrum-X-Gamma Mission

A Monitoring Monitoring X-Ray Equipment (MOXE) is being developed for the Soviet Spectrum-X-Gamma Mission. MOXE is an X-ray all-sky monitor based on array of pinhole cameras, to be provided via a collaboration between Goddard Space Flight Center and Los Alamos National Laboratory. The objectives are to alert other observers on Spectrum-X-Gamma and other platforms of interesting transient activity, and to synoptically monitor the X-ray sky and study long-term changes in X-ray binaries. MOXE will be sensitive to sources as faint as 2 milliCrab (5 sigma) in 1 day, and cover the 2 to 20 KeV band

Density of bulk trap states in organic semiconductor crystals: discrete levels induced by oxygen in rubrene

The density of trap states in the bandgap of semiconducting organic single crystals has been measured quantitatively and with high energy resolution by means of the experimental method of temperature-dependent space-charge-limited-current spectroscopy (TD-SCLC). This spectroscopy has been applied to study bulk rubrene single crystals, which are shown by this technique to be of high chemical and structural quality. A density of deep trap states as low as ~ 10^{15} cm^{-3} is measured in the purest crystals, and the exponentially varying shallow trap density near the band edge could be identified (1 decade in the density of states per ~25 meV). Furthermore, we have induced and spectroscopically identified an oxygen related sharp hole bulk trap state at 0.27 eV above the valence band.Comment: published in Phys. Rev. B, high quality figures: http://www.cpfs.mpg.de/~krellner

The pregnant worker: how much is too much? Assessing safe activity levels.

Physicians should be able to advise pregnant women about safe amounts of physical activity in the workplace. A computerized literature search was used to review reproductive risks of physical activity, proper clinical evaluation and recommendations of the pregnant worker regarding physical activity, and current State of Hawaii disability legislation pertinent to pregnant workers. This article highlights the importance of making accurate clinical assessments regarding the continuation of work for the healthy pregnant worker and also provides physicians with an approach to assessing physical exposure risks of pregnant workers

Geometry-induced pulse instability in microdesigned catalysts: the effect of boundary curvature

We explore the effect of boundary curvature on the instability of reactive pulses in the catalytic oxidation of CO on microdesigned Pt catalysts. Using ring-shaped domains of various radii, we find that the pulses disappear (decollate from the inert boundary) at a turning point bifurcation, and trace this boundary in both physical and geometrical parameter space. These computations corroborate experimental observations of pulse decollation.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.

Boulder trains in western Massachusetts

Guidebook for field trips in western Massachusetts, northern Connecticut and adjacent areas of New York: 67th annual meeting October 10, 11, and 12, 1975: Trip C-

UK Women's Views of the Concepts of Personalised Breast Cancer Risk Assessment and Risk-Stratified Breast Screening: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Any introduction of risk-stratification within the NHS Breast Screening Programme needs to be considered acceptable by women. We conducted interviews to explore women's attitudes to personalised risk assessment and risk-stratified breast screening. Twenty-five UK women were purposively sampled by screening experience and socioeconomic background. Interview transcripts were qualitatively analysed using Framework Analysis. Women expressed positive intentions for personal risk assessment and willingness to receive risk feedback to provide reassurance and certainty. Women responded to risk-stratified screening scenarios in three ways: 'Overall acceptors' considered both high- and low-risk options acceptable as a reasonable allocation of resources to clinical need, yet acceptability was subject to specified conditions including accuracy of risk estimates and availability of support throughout the screening pathway. Others who thought 'more is better' only supported high-risk scenarios where increased screening was proposed. 'Screening sceptics' found low-risk scenarios more aligned to their screening values than high-risk screening options. Consideration of screening recommendations for other risk groups had more influence on women's responses than screening-related harms. These findings demonstrate high, but not universal, acceptability. Support and guidance, tailored to screening values and preferences, may be required by women at all levels of risk

Game-Based Online Antenatal Breastfeeding Education: A Pilot

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Healthy Moms intervention on antenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy and intention and to determine the feasibility of using an online game-based learning platform to deliver antenatal breastfeeding education. Background: The Internet has potential for improving breastfeeding rates through improving women\u27s access to antenatal breastfeeding education. Methods: Twelve computer-based breastfeeding education modules were developed using an online learning platform. Changes in participants\u27 breastfeeding self-efficacy and intention pre- and post-intervention were measured using descriptive statistics and a one-way ANOVA. Results: Of the 25 women submitting the pretest, four completed zero quests; seven, orientation only; eight, one to six breastfeeding quests; and six, 10 to 12 breastfeeding quests. No significant differences in breastfeeding selfefficacy and intention were found among the groups. Conclusions: Online antenatal breastfeeding education is feasible; however, further research is warranted to determine if it can affect breastfeeding outcomes

Two-level system with a thermally fluctuating transfer matrix element: Application to the problem of DNA charge transfer

Charge transfer along the base-pair stack in DNA is modeled in terms of thermally-assisted tunneling between adjacent base pairs. Central to our approach is the notion that tunneling between fluctuating pairs is rate-limited by the requirement of their optimal alignment. We focus on this aspect of the process by modeling two adjacent base pairs in terms of a classical damped oscillator subject to thermal fluctuations as described by a Fokker-Planck equation. We find that the process is characterized by two time scales, a result that is in accord with experimental findings.Comment: original file is revtex4, 10 pages, three eps figure