Olfactory Neuroblastomas: An Experience of 24 Years

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological findings and the efficacy of the treatment modalities used in patients with olfactory neuroblastomas. Study Design. Retrospective record review. Setting. Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, medical oncology outpatient clinic. Subjects and Methods. There were 3 stage A tumors, 5 stage B and 11 stage C according to the Kadish staging system. There were 5 grade I/II and 12 grade III/IV according to the Hyams' histopathologic system. Involvement to orbita was detected in eight patients at the time of diagnosis. Results. The median follow-up period was 23.7 months. The 5-year survival rate for the whole group was 26%. The stage A/B groups exhibited a better survival rate than the C group with 2-year survival rates being 25 versus 71% respectively (P = .008). The grade I/II groups exhibited a better survival rate than the grade III/IV groups with 2-year survival rates being 50 versus 16% respectively (P = .001). The group who had orbital involvement exhibited a poor survival rate than the group of patients who had no involvement of the orbital. Conclusion. In our study, tumor stage, histopathologic grading, involvement of the orbita, brain and bone marow metastases were the statistically significant prognostic factors

Genetics and epigenetics of liver cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major form of primary liver cancer in adults. Chronic infections with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses and alcohol abuse are the major factors leading to HCC. This deadly cancer affects more than 500,000 people worldwide and it is quite resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy. Genetic and epigenetic studies on HCC may help to understand better its mechanisms and provide new tools for early diagnosis and therapy. Recent literature on whole genome analysis of HCC indicated a high number of mutated genes in addition to well-known genes such as TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1 and CDKN2A, but their frequencies are much lower. Apart from CTNNB1 mutations, most of the other mutations appear to result in loss-of-function. Thus, HCC-associated mutations cannot be easily targeted for therapy. Epigenetic aberrations that appear to occur quite frequently may serve as new targets. Global DNA hypomethylation, promoter methylation, aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs and dysregulated expression of other epigenetic regulatory genes such as EZH2 are the best-known epigenetic abnormalities. Future research in this direction may help to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

Inborn errors of OAS-RNase L in SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe condition that follows benign COVID-19. We report autosomal recessive deficiencies of OAS1, OAS2, or RNASEL in five unrelated children with MIS-C. The cytosolic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-sensing OAS1 and OAS2 generate 2'-5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate the single-stranded RNA-degrading ribonuclease L (RNase L). Monocytic cell lines and primary myeloid cells with OAS1, OAS2, or RNase L deficiencies produce excessive amounts of inflammatory cytokines upon dsRNA or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) stimulation. Exogenous 2-5A suppresses cytokine production in OAS1-deficient but not RNase L-deficient cells. Cytokine production in RNase L-deficient cells is impaired by MDA5 or RIG-I deficiency and abolished by mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) deficiency. Recessive OAS-RNase L deficiencies in these patients unleash the production of SARS-CoV-2-triggered, MAVS-mediated inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear phagocytes, thereby underlying MIS-C

Synthesis and characterization of new cobalt (II), iron (III) complexes with anthraquinone and s-triazine moieties

The condensation reaction of 1-amino 4-bromo 2-methyl anthraquinone with 2-amino benzene sulfonic acid in the presence of Pd2(dbap) 3, tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0) were maintained to give anthraquinone derivatives. The cyanuric chloride (s-triazine) which is a bridge component, reacted with aniline-2-sulfonic acid, 5-amino-2 naphthalene-sulfonic acid, aniline p-vinyl sulfonic acid. Two different methods were carried out for the synthesis reactions. Although method A, which was first bonding over the s-triazine, was more preferable than method B, which was last bonding over the s-triazine derivatives, compared to their yields, the application procedure of method B was easier than that of A. The metal complexes of these ligands that have dye character were prepared with CoII and FeIII transition metal salts and were characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The synthesized compounds were carried out for dyeing of cotton and wool fibers, which were observed with deeper colors according to their color space values.TBAG 107T409 2007The authors are grateful to TUBITAK, TBAG 107T409 2007, for financial support. The authors also express appreciation for the colour measurements to the Department of Textile Engineering, Cukurova University

Performance and milk composition of dairy goats as affected by the dietary level of stoned olive cake silages

Objective The current study compared the effects of dietary levels of two phase stoned olive cake (OC) in form of silage (OCS) on milk production and quality of Saanen goats. Methods The OCS included in total mixed ration (TMR) at dry matter proportions of 0.0 (OC0), 0.10 (OC10), and 0.20 (OC20). The TMR were fed to a total of 18 goats in a completely randomized design for a period of 5 weeks. Results Dietary treatments had no effect on the milk yield of Saanen goats, but the daily milk fat production was greater (p<0.05) at feeding OC20. The total phenolic (TP) compounds contents increased (p<0.01) in each increment of OCS in TMR and this was also reflected in the TP contents of milk. The C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, and C14:0 saturated fatty acids (FAs) in milk fat decreased (p<0.01) with increasing dietary level of OCS, but the decrease (p<0.001) in C16:0 and the increase (p<0.01) in C18:0 in milk fat occurred similarly at each inclusion level of OCS. Only OC20 reduced (p<0.05) the total saturated FA, yet the reduction (p<0.01) in n6/n3 ratio and atherogenicity index occurred in both OC10 and OC20. Conclusion Two phase stoned OCS increases milk quality not only through modifying the milk FA composition, but also by increasing the milk TP content. These favorable changes in milk quality are closely associated with the dietary level of OCS

Ecological and syntaxonomic investigation of salt marshes vegetation in the vicinity of Burdur and Acigöl (Denizli/Turkey)

This investigation has been carried out in Anatolia which falls into Aralo-Caspian subgroup of Inland Swamps Asian Group. Vegetation analyses were made by means of «floristic plantsystem» of Braun -Blanquet. According to ecologie and floristic characteristics ; Cardopatio-Juncetum heldreichianii Ass. nova Puccinellio distantis-Juncetum maritimi Ass. nova Petrosimonietum nigdeenso-brachiatae Ass. nova Lepidio caespitosi-Halimionetum portulacoidis Ass. nova Cresso creticae-Halocnemetum strobilacei Ass. nova associations that belong to the halophytic vegetation of the area, were described. In the steppes vegetation around the halophytic vegetation Artemisetum santonici Çetik (1981) association was described.Cette recherche a été faite en Anatolie, région appartenant au groupe asiatique des marécages continentaux et au sous-groupe Aralo-Caspien. L’analyse de la végétation a été faite selon “le système d’association floristique” de Braun-Blanquet. Dans cette région, en fonction de leurs caractéristiques écologiques et floristiques, les auteurs décrivent les associations suivantes appartenant à la végétation halophytique : Cardopatio-Juncetum heldreichianii Ass. nova Puccinellio distantis-Juncetum maritimi Ass. nova Petrosimonietum nigdeenso-brachiatae Ass. nova Lepidio caespitosi-Halimionetum portulacoidis Ass. nova Cresso creticae-Halocnemetum strobilacei Ass. nova Dans la steppe proche de la végétation halophytique, les auteurs décrivent une association : l'Artemisetum Santonici Çetik (1981).Yurdakulol Ender, Öncel Isil, Demirörs Mehmet, Yildiz Atillâ, Keles Yüksel. Ecological and syntaxonomic investigation of salt marshes vegetation in the vicinity of Burdur and Acigöl (Denizli/Turkey). In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 22 n°1-2, 1996. pp. 51-61