Posttraumatic Cranial Cystic Fibrous Dysplasia

A 14-year-old was girl admitted to our hospital with a subcutaneous mass of the occipital head. The mass had grown for 6 years, after she had sustained a head injury at the age of 6, and was located directly under a previous wound. Skull X-ray Photograph (xp), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a bony defect and cystic changes in the skull corresponding to a subcutaneous mass. Bone scintigraphy revealed partial accumulation. The patient underwent total removal of the skull mass, and the diagnosis from the pathological findings of the cyst wall was fibrous dysplasia (FD). The radiographic findings for cystic cranial FD can be various. Progressive skull disease has been reported to be associated with head trauma, but the relationship between cranial FD and head trauma has not been previously reported. Previous studies have suggested that c-fos gene expression is a key mechanism in injury-induced FD

Identification of amino acids in antigen-binding site of class II HLA proteins independently associated with hepatitis B vaccine response

Background & aimsGenetic factors in class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) have been reported to be associated with inter-individual variation in hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine response. However, the mechanism underlying the associations remains elusive. In particular, the broad linkage disequilibrium in HLA region complicates the localization of the independent effects of genetic variants. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the most probable causal variations in class II HLA loci involved in the immune response to HBV vaccine.MethodsWe performed a case-control study to assess whether HLA-DRB1, -DQB1, and -DPB1 4-digit alleles were associated with the response to primary HBV vaccination in 574 healthy Japanese students. To identify causative variants, we next assessed independently associated amino acid variants in these loci using conditional logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, to clarify the functional effects of these variants on HLA proteins, we performed computational structural studies.ResultsHLA-DRB1∗01:01, HLA-DRB1∗08:03, HLA-DQB1∗05:01, and HLA-DPB1∗04:02 were significantly associated with sufficient response, whereas HLA-DPB1∗05:01 was associated with poor response. We then identified amino acids independently associated with sufficient response, namely, leucine at position 26 of HLA-DRβ1 and glycine-glycine-proline-methionine at positions 84–87 of HLA-DPβ1. These amino acids were located in antigen-binding pocket 4 of HLA-DR and pocket 1 of HLA-DP, respectively, which are important structures for selective binding of antigenic peptides. In addition, the detected variations in HLA-DP protein were responsible for the differences in the electrostatic potentials of the pocket, which can explain in part the sufficient/poor vaccine responses.ConclusionHLA-DRβ1 position 26 and HLA-DPβ1 positions 84–87 are independently associated with anti-HBs production against HBV vaccine. Our results suggest that HBsAg presentation through these HLA pocket structures plays an important role in the inter-individual variability of HBV vaccination

ECAT11/L1td1 Is Enriched in ESCs and Rapidly Activated During iPSCGeneration, but It Is Dispensable for the Maintenance and Induction of Pluripotency

The principal factors that lead to proliferation and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been vigorously investigated. However, the global network of factors and their full signaling cascade is still unclear. In this study, we found that ECAT11 (L1td1) is one of the ESC-associated transcripts harboring a truncated fragment of ORF-1, a component of theL1 retrotransposable element. We generated an ECAT11 knock-in mouse by replacing its coding region with green fluorescent protein. In the early stage of development, the fluorescence was observed at the inner cell mass of blastocysts and epiblasts. Despite this specific expression, ECAT11-null mice grow normally and are fertile. In addition, ECAT11 was dispensable for both the proliferation and pluripotency of ESCs.We found rapid and robust activation of ECAT11 in fibroblasts after the forced expression of transcription factors that can give rise pluripotency in somatic cells.However, iPS cells could be established from ECAT11-null fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate thedispensability of ECAT11/L1td1 in pluripotency, despite its specific expression

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

A regionally specific drinking custom ‘Otōri’ and its association with alcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders: a cross-sectional study

Objectives The primary objective was to describe the characteristics of Otōri, a regionally specific drinking custom in the Miyakojima region of Okinawa, Japan, and its participants. The secondary objective was to clarify the distribution of alcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and its association with the frequency of engagement in Otōri per month.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting Tarama Island, a remote island in Okinawa, Japan.Participants Individuals who lived on Tarama Island, participated in a mass general health check or mass influenza vaccination programme, were aged ≥20 years and had decision-making capacity were eligible to participate.Primary outcome measures Alcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders as measured by the AUDIT, frequency of engagement in Otōri per month, settings in which people engage in Otōri and attitudes toward Otōri.Results Among 478 eligible participants, 401 answered the questionnaire. Approximately 15% reported attitudes toward Otōri of ‘like’ or ‘somewhat like’; around 80% of these participants were middle-aged to older adult men. Compared with the national average, a higher percentage of people (9.2% and 40.9% of women and men, respectively) had AUDIT scores indicating ‘hazardous drinking or more’, which was associated with ‘low or intermediate frequency’ and ‘high frequency’ of engagement in Otōri per month (ORs of 7.626 and 20.321, respectively).Conclusions Social obligation generated by some community members could pressure most of the population into participating in Otōri, possibly leading to a higher percentage of people engaging in hazardous/harmful alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence. However, healthcare professionals should carefully consider the beneficial and detrimental effects of the custom on biomedical and social conditions and avoid advocating to promote or abolish the custom by only highlighting one aspect

Room Temperature Operable Autonomously Moving Bio-Microrobot Powered by Insect Dorsal Vessel Tissue

<div><p>Living muscle tissues and cells have been attracting attention as potential actuator candidates. In particular, insect dorsal vessel tissue (DVT) seems to be well suited for a bio-actuator since it is capable of contracting autonomously and the tissue itself and its cells are more environmentally robust under culturing conditions compared with mammalian tissues and cells. Here we demonstrate an autonomously moving polypod microrobot (PMR) powered by DVT excised from an inchworm. We fabricated a prototype of the PMR by assembling a whole DVT onto an inverted two-row micropillar array. The prototype moved autonomously at a velocity of 3.5×10⁻² µm/s, and the contracting force of the whole DVT was calculated as 20 µN. Based on the results obtained by the prototype, we then designed and fabricated an actual PMR. We were able to increase the velocity significantly for the actual PMR which could move autonomously at a velocity of 3.5 µm/s. These results indicate that insect DVT has sufficient potential as the driving force for a bio-microrobot that can be utilized in microspaces.</p> </div

Trajectory measurement of the actual PMR powered by contraction force of the dorsal vessel tissue.

<p>(a) An image of the whole actual PMR after inversion. (b) Enlarged view of the area surrounded by the dotted rectangle marked in (a). A movie of this area was taken for 1 min (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038274#pone.0038274.s006" target="_blank">Movie S6</a> in the SI) and analyzed with image analysis. The moving direction was set as the Y axis and the axis perpendicular to the Y axis was set as the X axis, the same as for the prototype. In (a) and (b), the red arrows show the designed moving direction. (c) Trajectories and time courses of moving distances along X and Y axes of the prototypes for the 1 min movie period. The moving distances in the first, second, and third experiments were 199, 256, and 175 µm, respectively.</p

Principle of the prototype Polypod Microrobot (PMR).

<p>(a) Schematic illustration of the prototype PMR. (b) Principle of the PMR movement in a lateral view. (c) Schematic illustration of the actual PMR.</p

Measurement of deformation distance of the PMR base powered by contraction force of the dorsal vessel tissue.

<p>(a) Microscopic images of the prototype from the side. The inset shows an enlarged view of the area surrounded by the white rectangle in the main picture. Movies showing the whole prototype and the inset area, respectively, are available as <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038274#pone.0038274.s003" target="_blank">Movies S3</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038274#pone.0038274.s004" target="_blank">S4</a> in the SI. (b) Time course of deformation distance of the base. The graph was obtained by image analysis processing of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0038274#pone.0038274.s004" target="_blank">Movie S4</a>. (c) The model to estimate the contractile force of the DVT.</p