257 research outputs found

    Salient features of contextual interference and knowledge of results

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    The current study investigated the relationship between the contextual interference effect and knowledge of results manipulations. Specifically, three variations of a relative timing task were presented in either a blocked or random schedule, and participants were either required to error estimate or given no instruction concerning estimation. A 2 (Acquisition Context) x 2 (Error Estimation Frequency) ANOVA was used to analyze absolute error (AE), variable error (VE) and a relative timing measure (AE(prop.)). The main effects that there was a blocked advantage during retention. In addition, a 100% estimation advantage existed for AE and VE, but was not present for AE(prop.). These results indicate that the relative difficulty of the task may have been too high to produce a random group advantage and that error estimation of relative timing may have been too much for the participant to process. In conclusion, it was proposed that the two factors may interact, but relative difficulty of the task needs to be taken into account

    REM4j - A framework for measuring the reverse engineering capability of UML CASE tools

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    Reverse Engineering is becoming increasingly important in the software development world today as many organizations are battling to understand and maintain old legacy systems. Today’s software engineers have inherited these legacy systems which they may know little about yet have to maintain, extend and improve. Currently there is no framework or strategy that an organisation can use to determine which UML CASE tool to use. This paper sets down such a framework, to allow organisations to base their tool choice on this reliable framework. We present the REM4j tool, an automated tool, for benchmarking UML CASE tools, we then use REM4j to carry out one such evaluation with eleven UML CASE tools. This framework allows us to reach a conclusion as to which is the most accurate and reliable UML CASE tool

    Development and Implementation of an Integrated Science Course for Elementary Education Majors

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    Currently the scientific community is trying to increase the general population’s knowledge of science. These efforts stem from the fact that the citizenry needs a better understanding of scientific knowledge to make informed decisions on many issues of current concern. The problem of scientific illiteracy begins in grade school and can be traced to inadequate exposure to science and scientific thinking during the preparation of K–8 teachers. Typically preservice elementary teachers are required to take only one or two disconnected science courses to obtain their teaching certificates. Also, introductory science courses are often large and impersonal, with the result that while students pass the courses, they may learn very little and retain even less

    Endocrine responses to overreaching before and after 1 year of weightlifting

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    This is the publisher's version, also found at http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/external?sid=c58e4c93-cdad-411e-8971-ff871436da4b%40sessionmgr14&vid=3&hid=1

    Prostate cancer assessment using MR elastography of fresh prostatectomy specimens at 9.4 T

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    Purpose: Despite its success in the assessment of prostate cancer (PCa), in vivo multiparametric MRI has limitations such as interobserver variability and low specificity. Several MRI methods, among them MR elastography, are currently being discussed as candidates for supplementing conventional multiparametric MRI. This study aims to investigate the detection of PCa in fresh ex vivo human prostatectomy specimens using MR elastography. Methods: Fourteen fresh prostate specimens from men with clinically significant PCa without formalin fixation or prior radiation therapy were examined by MR elastography at 500 Hz immediately after radical prostatectomy in a 9.4T preclinical scanner. Specimens were divided into 12 segments for both calculation of storage modulus (G ' in kilopascals) and pathology (Gleason score) as reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated to assess PCa detection. Results: The mean G ' and SD were as follows: all segments, 8.74 ± 5.26 kPa; healthy segments, 5.44 ± 4.40 kPa; and cancerous segments, 10.84 ± 4.65 kPa. The difference between healthy and cancerous segments was significant with P ≤ .001. Diagnostic performance assessed with the Youden index was as follows: sensitivity, 69%; specificity, 79%; area under the curve, 0.81; and cutoff, 10.67 kPa. Conclusion: Our results suggest that prostate MR elastography has the potential to improve diagnostic performance of multiparametric MRI, especially regarding its 2 major limitations: interobserver variability and low specificity. Particularly the high value for specificity in PCa detection is a stimulating result and encourages further investigation of this method

    Validating Health Impact Assessment: Prediction is difficult (especially about the future)

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    Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has been recommended as a means of estimating how policies, programmes and projects may impact on public health, and on health inequalities. This paper considers the difference between predicting health impacts, and measuring those impacts. It draws upon a case study of the building of a new hypermarket in a deprived area of Glasgow, which offered an opportunity to reflect on the issue of the predictive validity of HIA, and to consider the difference between potential and actual impacts. We found that the actual impacts of the new hypermarket on diet differed from that which would have been predicted based on previous studies. Furthermore they challenge current received wisdom about the impact of food retail outlets in poorer areas. These results are relevant to the validity of HIA as a process and emphasise the importance of further research on the predictive validity of HIA, which should help improve its value to decision-makers
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