IS ACTN3 R577X GENOTYPE ASSOCIATED WITH WEIGHT-BEARING INDEX IN MALE COLLEGE STUDENTS?

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between weight-bearing index (WBI) and ACTN3 genotype in male college students. Subjects were healthy male college students aged 18 to 21 years old. The maximal static forces of knee extension (leg strength) of the subjects were measured, and WBI was calculated by dividing the leg strength by the subjects’ body weight. Genomic DNA was extracted from each subject using hair strands, and its base sequence determined genotypes in RR, RX, and XX. Welch-type ANOVA revealed that WBI in the XX type was greater than in the RR and RX types despite no significant difference in leg strength and lean body mass among genotypes. Although it is difficult to find apparent or direct evidence to explain this result, some inferences can be proposed, such as compensatory force exertion based on its muscle fibers, regulation in calcineurin via the α-actine-2 gene, or functional enhancement of myoglobin-based endurance slow muscles in XX type may increase muscular activities against gravity, making WBI greater

氷床コアフィルン試料の連続融解装置の開発

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OM] 極域気水圏11月16日（月）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ

Continuous CH4 measurements with the NIPR CFA system

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IA] 急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2015―11月19日（木）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ

High Resolution Continuous Flow Analysis System developed at the Ice Core Research Center National Institute of Polar Research

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OM] 極域気水圏11月16日（月）　統計数理研究所 セミナー室2（D304

ヒト血清中の抗β-グルカン抗体に関する研究

In this study, we found that anti-β-glucan IgG antibodies were present in sera from the peripheral blood (PB) of normal adult donors and the umbilical cord blood (UCB) of neonates using a novel enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) developed in our laboratories. The titers of anti-β-glucan IgG antibodies from the PB of normal adult donors were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those from the UCB of neonates. These findings suggest that anti-β-glucan IgG antibodies in sera from the UCB of neonates may be transferred from the mothers to the neonates via the placenta. The reactivity of serially diluted purified IgG antibody prepared from the serum of a normal adult donor (human purified IgG antibody) was also positive against β-glucan in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, a standard rabbit anti-β-glucan IgG antibody completely blocked the reactivity of human purified IgG antibody to β-glucan in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings show that human sera contain specific anti-β-glucan IgG antibodies and suggest that these anti-β-glucan IgG antibodies may have unique actions in various immunological responses

Liver-specific γ-glutamyl carboxylase-deficient mice display bleeding diathesis and short life span

Liver-Specific γ-Glutamyl Carboxylase-Deficient Mice Display Bleeding Diathesis and Short Life Span. Azuma K, Tsukui T, Ikeda K, Shiba S, Nakagawa K, et al. PLOS ONE. 2014. 9(2) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.008864

IL-19 Contributes to the Development of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Altering Lipid Metabolism

Interleukin (IL)-19, a member of the IL-10 family, is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced primarily by macrophages. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a disease that has progressed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. We evaluated the functions of IL-19 in a NAFLD/NASH mouse model using a 60% high fat diet with 0.1% methionine, without choline, and with 2% cholesterol (CDAHFD). Wild-type (WT) and IL-19 gene-deficient (KO) mice were fed a CDAHFD or standard diet for 9 weeks. Liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis induced by CDAHFD were significantly worse in IL-19 KO mice than in WT mice. IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β were significantly higher in IL-19 KO mice than in WT mice. As a mechanism using an in vitro experiment, palmitate-induced triglyceride and cholesterol contents were decreased by the addition of IL-19 in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, addition of IL-19 decreased the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related enzymes and increased ATP content in HepG2 cells. The action of IL-19 in vitro suppressed lipid metabolism. In conclusion, IL-19 may play an important role in the development of steatosis and fibrosis by directly regulating liver metabolism and may be a potential target for the treatment of liver diseases

Examination of density and mixing ratio of barium preparations, using an originally created phantom

胃Ⅹ線検査に造影剤として用いられる硫酸バリウム懸濁液の濃度を,簡便に,客観的に決定する目的で,歯科用アルギン酸塩印象材を用いて,コインの図柄を写しとったファントムを制作した｡これを使って二種類の硫酸バリウム製剤の適正濃度(PD)を調べた結果,BARITOP PとBARICON MEALを単体,若くは混合した場合には,おおよそ,PD(W/V%)=0.75C+165(ただし,CはBARICON MEALの混合比(%))となった｡また,BARICON MEALはコントラストが高く,精密検査に有利だと考えられ,BARITOP PとBARICON MEALを混合すると濃度の許容範囲が広がるため,通常の検査に都合がよいと考えられた｡更に,このファントムは簡便に作成することができ,しかも,硫酸バリウム懸濁 液との親和性も良いことから,硫酸バリウム製剤やⅩ線TV装置の評価,増感紙･フィルム系の評価等にも応用できると考えられた｡A phantom copied designs of coins was created with alginate dental impression material to establish a objective, simple and easy method for deciding density of barium sulfate suspensions which are used for stomach X-ray examination as contrast media. As a result of examining proper density (PD) of two kind of barium preparations with this phantom, in case of BARITOP P and BARICON MEAL, PD were almost shown by the next equation : PD(W/V%)=0.75C+165(C meant content of BARICON MEAL (%)). As BARICON MEAL resulted in hight contrast, it was thought to be suitable for a close examination. Mixture of BARITOP P and BARICON MEAL was thought to be suited to a routine examination becouse of wide permissible level of density. This phantom would be able to apply to the test of balium preparations, X-ray TV systems, screen/film systems and so on