Knowledge, attitude and practice about breast cancer screening and related factors among women referred to health care centers in Boroujen in 2005

زمینه و هدف: سرطان پستان شایع ترین سرطان در زنان است. به طوری 16 کل سرطان ها را در ایران به خود اختصاص می دهد و در ایالات متحده آمریکا چهارمین علت مرگ زنان به شمار می آید. از آنجایی که روش های غربالگری از جمله بهترین روش های تشخیص زودرس سرطان پستان می باشند که انجام آنها به طور چشمگیری از شیوع سرطان پیشگیری می کند، لذا این مطالعه به منظور بررسی آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر بروجن نسبت به روشهای غربالگری سرطان پستان انجام گردید. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی تعداد 400 زن بالای 20 سال از طریق نمونه گیری آسان انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات با استفاده از یک پرسشنامه که شامل مشخصات دموگرافیک و سؤالات آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد بود جمع آوری گردید. این اطلاعات توسط آزمون های رگرسیون لوجستیک و آزمون کای دو مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرارگرفت. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد 8/37 افراد از خودآزمائی، 8/7 از معاینه فیزیکی و 6 افراد از ماموگرافی آگاهی داشتند. نگرش کلی در مورد روشهای غربالگری 6/15 منفی 7/67 در حد متوسط و 7/16 مثبت بود. 1/47 افراد به انجام خودآزمائی، 2/71 به معاینه فیزیکی و 9/68 به انجام ماموگرافی تمایل داشتند. 5/4 افراد خودآزمائی را بطور مرتب و ماهیانه انجام می دادند. در 3/16 افراد معاینه فیزیکی توسط پزشک و کارکنان بهداشتی انجام شده بود که فقط 4 به منظور غربالگری صورت گرفته بود. 3/4 افراد ماموگرافی غربالگری انجام داده بودند. مهمترین عامل مؤثر بر خودآزمائی، سابقه وجود بیماری خوش خیم پستان در فرد بود (05/0

Educational needs of midwife alumni work in health care centers

Abstract Aims: Determination of educational needs is the first step in educational planning and the first factor of ensuring the quality and efficacy of education process. Midwives’ sufficient knowledge and improvement of their decision-making will lead to performance progress. The aim of this study was determining the educational needs of midwives working in hospitals and healthcare centers of Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 280 midwives and 50 healthcare center authorities of hospitals and healthcare centers of Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari who were selected by census sampling method in 2009. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire containing three sections of demographic characteristics, educational needs related to their specialty or general domains and priority in educational needs. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square, student T-test and one-way ANOVA using SPSS 15 software. Results: There wasn’t significant difference in the average scores of educational needs in specific and general domains from authorities and midwives’ point of view (p>0.05). There was a significant relationship between the average score of educational needs and work place in obstetrics (p=0.002), maternal and child health (p=0.038) and neonatal (p=0.025) domains. There was a significant relationship between the average score of educational needs and the academic level of education in general domains (p=0.025). Conclusion: Holding educational classes of English, use of Information Technology (IT) in obstetrics, resuscitation, research methodology, religious and legal commandments, abnormal uterine bleeding, hypertensive disorders, neonatal medical treatment and common gynecologic infections seems essential as educational priorities. Keywords: Midwife, Hea

Analysis of Association between IL-17 gene rs2275913 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hepatitis B disease is one of the main causes of inflammation and liver damage that can lead to chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the cytokines gene can affect the host immune response. Interleukin 17 produced by Thelper17 cells has been shown to play a role in immune function in infectious and inflammatory diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between polymorphism in IL-17 gene (rs2275913) and chronic hepatitis B infection. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 130 chronic patients as a case group and 130 healthy individuals as control. Patients with positive result of ELISA test for HBsAg and Anti-HBc Ab and control subjects with negative result of this test were enrolled. PCR-RFLP was used to genotype extracted DNA from blood samples. FINDINGS: The genotype frequencies of rs2275913 did not show significant difference between patients and control groups. Distribution of genotypes inpatients were, 40.8% GG, 41.5% AG, 17.7% AA and in control group were, 42.3% GG, 45.4% AG, 12.3% GG (p=0.469). CONCLUSION: The results of study showed no relation between IL-17 gene polymorphism rs2275913 and chronic HBV

Lack of Genetic Association between Interleukin-18 Gene Polymorphism (rs1946518) and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Interleukin 18 is a member of the cytokines that play an important role in the Th1-mediated immune response by inducing interferon-gamma activity in collaboration with Interleukin-12 (IL-18). Interleukin 12 and Interleukin 18 can play an important role in purifying viruses. Considering the importance of IL-18, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between Interleukin-18 Gene polymorphism (-607 C/A: rs1946518) and the susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B infection. METHODS: In this case-control study, the genomic DNA of 115 patients with chronic hepatitis B (with positive results of HBsAg and Anti-HBcAb serology testing) and 115 non-HBV-infected controls (negative results of HBsAg and Anti-HbcAb serology testing and no history of liver disease) was extracted by salting-out method and the genotype of single-nucleotide polymorphism (-607 C / A: rs1946518) was sequenced using PCR-RFLP method. FINDING: The genotype frequency of TT, GT, and GG in patients was 40%, 49.6%, and 10.4% in patients, and 41.7%, 42.6%, and 15.7% in the control group, respectively. No significant difference was found between the patients group and the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, there was no clear relationship between IL-18 polymorphism and the potential for chronic hepatitis B infection. Therefore, this polymorphism cannot be a potential factor for chronic hepatitis B

The efficacy of Self-regulation couple therapy on marital intimacy among infertile women

Abstract Background & aim: Considering the fact that infertility causes infertility problems in the marital relationship so, this study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of short-term couples therapy self-regulation on marital intimacy of infertile. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 20 couples were selected for sampling then they randomly into two experimental and control groups and each group was assigned 10 couples. Marital Intimacy scale was used to collect the data. Experimental intervention (self-regulatory couple therapy) was conducted on the experimental group for 8 sessions in duration of 90 minute per week. One month after completion of the training program, both groups were post-tested. Repeated measure was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that infertile couples marital intimacy increased self treatment groups compared with the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Short-term couple's therapy self-regulation is effective for increasing marital intimacy. Key words: Self-regulation, Couple Therapy, Marital Intimacy, Infertilit

Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Adsorption On Surfactant Modified Natural Zeolites

Surfactant-modified clinoptilolite-rich tuff was used for the removal of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) from aqueous solutions. Clinoptilolite zeolite from Miyaneh region of Iran was treated with sodium chloride and then modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HDTMA-Cl) and n-Cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) to be used in different experimental conditions. The ability of raw or Non-Modified Zeolite (NMZ) and Surfactant-Modified Zeolites (SMZ) to remove MTBE from aqueous solutions was investigated as a function of contact time, pH and concentrations of adsorbent and adsorbate, by using a batch technique in aqueous system. The removal of MTBE from aqueous solutions by modified zeolites seemed to be more effective than non-modified samples. Also, HDTMA-modified zeolite had more effective performance than CPB-modified zeolite. The adsorption efficiency of MTBE onto SMZS was found to increase by contact time and adsorbent concentrations, and by decreasing of pH and adsorbate concentrations. Empirical adsorption models of Langmuir and Freundlich were applied for the experimental data. Results showed that Langmuir isotherm was more suitable for this process. The experimental data fitted very well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. It was overally found that Surfactant-Modified Zeolites is an effective adsorbent for removal of methyl tert-butyl ether from contaminated solutions

Experimental study on 3D printing of concrete with overhangs

The construction industry has been receiving in the recent past years the 3D printing technology as an emerging technology. Several researchers and companies have been reporting a number of case studies that show the possibilities of this technology regarding the dimensions, shape, building time, finishing and the material characteristics. It is commonly accepted that one of the big advantages of 3D printing is its possibility regarding the shape of the printed object since it can be easily changed each time a new piece is printed. This possibility raises some challenges regarding the printing limits, that are needed to the project design, such as to create overhangs. In this sense, a work was carried out to evaluate and optimize concrete printing mixtures and assess the 3D concrete printing of elements with overhangs. This paper presents the work carried out, showing the optimization of mixture composition for the binder/aggregate ratio, cement/fly ash ratio, and amount of superplasticizer and hardening accelerator, and evaluating their printing performance and mechanical properties. Printing of overhangs was possible for angles with the vertical direction till 17.5º.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio