The relationship between frontal sinus dimensions and skeletal malocclusion

PurposeThe aim of this retrospective research is to compare frontal sinus dimensions in skeletal Class I, skeletal Class II, and skeletal Class III individuals and to evaluate the relationship of these dimensions with anterior skull base length and some cephalometric values.Materials and MethodsIn this research, we used lateral cephalometric radiographs of 60 people aged 17 to 25. In individuals with skeletal Class I malocclusion, skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular insufficiency, and skeletal Class III malocclusion due to mandibular excess, measurements of frontal sinus length and height as well as S-N, Co-A and Co-Gn lengths, ANB0, FMA0, SN-GoGn0 angles values were performed. The length between the highest point and the lowest point of the frontal sinus was calculated as the height of the frontal sinus, and the length between the most anterior and the most posterior points of the frontal sinus was calculated as the length of the frontal sinus.ResultsThe frontal sinus length and height were found to be higher in skeletal Class III individuals than in skeletal Class I and skeletal Class II individuals, however, there was no significant difference between skeletal Class I and Class II individuals.ConclusionThe increase in frontal sinus height and length correlated positively with the decrease in the ANB angle and the increase in the SN and Co-Gn lengths. The dimensions of the frontal sinus may be an indicator for the remaining mandibular growth potential

Machine Learning Based Genetic Decision Making Methodology Using Genotype-Phenotype Mapping

A methodology titled "Dynamic Selection of Essential Similar Principal Components" is presented in this study. This methodology evaluates the similarities while omitting the differences among features to accommodate for all possible similarities caused by genes. It has been tested on real data set collected from the dysmorphic facial images published in scholarly journals, thus accounting decent diagnostic information about the syndrome. The methodology has been tested with 15 different syndromes that accommodate 5 examples per syndrome. It can be concluded based on the results that a great number of syndromes indicating a characteristic pattern of facial anomalies can be typically diagnosed by employing the approach we propose in this study

Diagnostic Decision Support System in Genetic Diseases: The FaceGP DDSS

A great number of genetic disorders indicating a characteristic pattern of facial anomalies can be typically identified by analysing specific features with the aid of facial image processing methods. This study proposes a novel computer-assisted and cost-effective method by merging several methods in the characterization of the facial dysmorphology, in particular a method relying primary on face image capture and manipulation to diagnose genetic diseases

Comparison of Two Retention Appliances with Respect to Clinical Effectiveness

Objective:The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of Essix and Hawley retainers during the retention period.Methods:A total of 30 subjects whose fixed orthodontic treatment results were evaluated according to the American Board of Orthodontics Phase III Objective Grading system were included in this study. After the removal of orthodontic attachments, the study participants were equally divided into two retention protocols: upper-lower Essix and upper-lower Hawley. The subjects were instructed to wear their retainers full time for 6 months, except during meals, and during nights only for 6 months. The clinical effectiveness of the retainers was evaluated according to the overjet, overbite, maxillary, and mandibular intercanine widths, intermolar widths, arch lengths, irregularity indexes, and lateral cephalometric measurements. All dental model and lateral cephalometric measurements were performed by the same investigator during three periods: pre-treatment, post-treatment, and post-retention.Results:The overjet, overbite, maxillary, and mandibular intercanine widths; intermolar widths; and arch lengths and lateral cephalometric measurements were not statistically significantly different between the groups and identified time periods. Although the maxillary and mandibular irregularity indexes increased from the post-treatment to post-retention periods, the difference was not statistically significant. Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and post-retention lateral cephalometric measurements were not statistically significantly different between and within the groups.Conclusion:According to the results of a repeated-measures analysis of variance with two factors, and although an increase was found in the maxillary and mandibular irregularity indexes, the clinical effectiveness of Essix and Hawley retainers was found to be similar during the retention period

Acute impact on balance and performance of interactive video games in Cerebral Palsy

Amaç: Serebral Palsi (SP)’li bireylerde video oyunları terapisi (VOT) ile nörogelişimsel terapinin (NGT)performans, denge üzerindeki akut etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 6-18 yaşlarıarasında 20 SP’l` b`rey dah`l ed`ld`. Fonks`yonel düzeyler`; Kaba Motor Fonks`yon Sınıflama S`stem`(KMFSS), spast`s`teler` Mod`f`ye Ashword Skalası (MAS), kaba motor fonks`yonları Kaba MotorFonks`yon Ölçeğ`-88 (KMFÖ-88) D&E modüllerine göre, fiziksel performansları 10m yürüme, 5 basamakmerdiven inme ve çıkma sürelerine (5BMİS-5MBÇS) göre; fonksiyonel denge performansları süreli kalkve yürü testi (SKYT), sağ-sol tek ayak üzerinde durma süreleri (TAÜDS) ile değerlendirildi. Birer seansNGT ve Nintendo Wii oyun konsolunda, 4 standart oyundan oluşan VOT uygulandı. 45 dakika süren 2müdahelede önce ve sonrasında değerlendirmeler yapıldı. Sonuçlar: Performans parametrelerinde,terapi seanslarında anlamlı gelişme elde edilemedi. Denge performanslarında; VOT’da SKYT ve solTAÜDS’de anlamlı gelişme olduğu belirlenirken (Z=-2,576, p=0,01), NGT’de elde edilmedi (Z=-1,531,p=0,126). VOT’da Spastik Diplejik (SDİ) ve Hemiplejik (SHİ) bireyler karşılaştırıldığında, 5BMÇ’da SDİlehine anlamlı gelişme elde edildi (p=0,01). VOT’da KMFSS alt grupları; (KMFSS I-II) karşılaştırıldığında,5BMÇS (p=0,01) ve SKYT’de (p=0,035) KMFSS II’de anlamlı gelişme elde edildi. Tartışma: SP’libireylerde denge, performans açısından standart tedaviye oyun terapisinin eklenmesinin daha fazla faydasağlayacağı, SP’de hastanın klinik tablosuna uygun oyun seçiminin önemli olduğu sonuçlarına varılmıştır.Purpose: Purpose: Comparing acute effects of video game therapy (VOT) and neurodevelopmental therapy (NGT) in cerebral palsy (SP) in relation to performance, balance. Material and Methods: Between ages of 6-18, 20 SP individuals were included in the study. Functional levels; Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), physical performance; 10m walking, 5 stairs climbing up (5SCU), down (5SCD), spasticity; Modified Ashworth Scale, gross motor function; Gross Motor Function Measurement-88; functional balance performances were assessed by timed up & go test (TUG) and rightleft single-leg raise (SLR). NGT and VOT (4 standard games, Nintendo Wii game console) were applied for 45 minutes. Evaluations were done before-after interventions. Results: Performance parameters; there is no significant improvement in both therapy sessions. Equilibrium performances; in VOT; there is significant improvement about TUG, left SLR (Z=-2,576, p=0.01), but not in NGT (Z=-1,531, p=0,126). Compared with Spastic Diplegic (SDI) and Hemiplegic (SHI) subjects in VOT, significant improvement obtained in 5SCU in favor of SDI (p=0,01). Comparing GMFCS subgroups (GMFCS I-II) in VOT; significant improvement observed in GMFCS II about 5SCU (p=0,01) and TUG (p=0,035). Discussion: In SP, the inclusion of game therapy in standard treatment will be beneficial in terms of balance and performance and it is important to select games appropriate to the clinical chart of the patient

Establishment of Diagnostic Decision Support Systems (DDSS) to Prediagnose the Dysmorphic Diseases (Congenital Malformation) Efficiently Caused by Genetic Syndromes

There are specific properties, especially for facial dysmorphology caused by genetic syndromes and these properties are used by geneticists to prediagnose even before a clinical examination and genotyping are undertaken. Analyzing of properties in faces is sometimes sufficient to diagnose, however, sometimes it is necessary to analyze other specific properties of the body such as the structure of the skeleton and the characteristics of speech produced. Diagnosing of a congenital malformation correctly among many syndromes is beyond the capability of human. It will be possible to diagnose a good number of syndromes correctly by using face recognition DSS. Face recognition has attracted great attention for ten years as one of the most popular examination areas of computer vision and one of the most successful implementations of image processing. There is a need to make more efficient and effective preliminary diagnosing of syndromes by establishing novel DDSS such as novel face recognition algorithms

Bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated medium using Lemna minor, Daphnia magna and their consortium

WOS: 000423481700003Single, dual and triple mixtures of totally seven different mixture combinations of the metals Al, Ba and Fe were examined in Lemna minor (L) culture, Daphnia magna (D) culture and in a consortium culture consisting of L. minor and D. magna. In this study: (a) differences in removed metal proportions at the end of 24 and 48h, (b) differences in removed metal amounts due to cultures, (c) differences in the removed proportions of a metal in distinct mediums and (d) removal correlation of the metals due to cultures were investigated. The study results showed that among the metals Al, Ba and Fe, Al has the most toxic effect on organisms involved in this study. Although similar toxicity results of Al and Fe on test groups were observed, Ba gave different toxicity results on test groups. An overview of the bioremediation results indicates that L. minor removes the metals Al and Fe more successfully than Ba. Different mixture combinations of metals performed dissimilar removal results in the same cultures. According to the correlations analysis for the metals Ba and Fe, a high correlation was recorded between the consortium group and test groups containing only D. magna, r=0.88, r=0.91, respectively.TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) [111Y154]TThis work was supported by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) [grant number 111Y154]

The relatively good prognosis of bipolar disorders in a Turkish bipolar clinic

Background: Bipolar affective disorder is considered to be a disabling illness with a relapsing and remitting course resulting in enduring psychosocial consequences. In this study. we aimed to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with bipolar illness, types of treatment at inpatient and outpatient settings and their outcome. Method: Life charts of 61 bipolar outpatients and hospital charts of 47 manic inpatients were retrospectively evaluated regarding the demographics, course of illness and the treatment at both settings. Results: 82.5% of the outpatients were euthymic and 47,.5% were on lithium monotherapy at the time of investigation. Psychosocial adjustment was good. High level of education and marital status affected compliance positively. In the outpatient group, 24.2% were bipolar 2 (BP-II): they differed from bipolar 1 (BP-I) patients in having a higher number of lifetime episodes. Females outnumbered males in both settings, 1 1 had suffered higher numbers of previous episodes, as well as longer stays in hospital. Lithium was the most commonly used agent in acute mania (78.7%); 89.4% of the inpatients received combination treatment, mainly a mood stabilizer with a neuroleptic. Adjunctive neuroleptics decreased from 82.4 to 56.7% after 1995. This resulted in longer lengths of stay in hospital. Limitations: Data were collected naturalistically in a non-blind fashion. Conclusion: Lithium is still the lending mood stabilizer of choice for the acute and maintenance phases of bipolar disorder in our patient population. We submit that family support, high levels of education as well as an in-depth follow-up represented the contributory factors in the good overall outcome. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Establishment of a Diagnostic Decision Support System in Genetic Dysmorphology

In the clinical diagnosis of facial dysmorphology, geneticists attempt to identify the underlying syndromes by associating facial features before cyto or molecular techniques are explored. Specifying genotype-phenotype correlations correctly among many syndromes is labor intensive especially for very rare diseases. The use of a computer based prediagnosis system can offer effective decision support particularly when only very few previous examples exist or in a remote environment where expert knowledge is not readily accessible. In this work we develop and demonstrate that accurate classification of dysmorphic faces is feasible by image processing of two dimensional face images. We test the proposed system on real patient image data by constructing a dataset of dysmorphic faces published in scholarly journals, hence having accurate diagnostic information about the syndrome. Our statistical methodology represents facial image data in terms of principal component analysis (PCA) and a leave one out evaluation scheme to quantify accuracy. The methodology has been tested with 15 syndromes including 75 cases, 5 examples per syndrome. A diagnosis success rate of 79% has been established. It can be concluded that a great number of syndromes indicating a characteristic pattern of facial anomalies can be typically diagnosed by employing computer-assisted machine learning algorithms since a face develops under the influence of many genes, particularly the genes causing syndromes

Sabit ortodontik tedavi sonrasında mine yüzeyinde gözlenen renk değişimlerinin SpectroShade MicroTM ile değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu araştırmada sabit ortodontik tedavi sonrasında mine yüzeyinde gözlenen renk değişimlerinin SpectroShade MicroTM ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya sabit ortodontik tedavi uygulanan 10 bireye ait 120 adet maksiller ve mandibular santral, lateral ve kanin diş dâhil edildi. Tedavi öncesi ve sonrası renk ölçümleri SpectroShade MicroTM cihazıyla dişlerin bukkal yüzlerinin orta üçlüsünden yapıldı. Diş renginin belirlenmesinde rengin koordinatlarını L*, a* ve b* sembolleriyle ifade eden CIE L*a*b* sistemi temel alınarak renk değişimi (∆E) hesaplandı. Tedavi öncesi ve sonrası L*, a* ve b* değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında eşleştirilmiş t-testi kullanıldı. ∆L, ∆a, ∆b ve ∆E değerleri bakımından diş gruplarının karşılaştırılmasında ise tek-yönlü varyans analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: L* değerinde mandibular santral (p=0.036) ve lateral dişlerde (p=0.004), b* değerinde ise maksiller (p=0.036) ve mandibular (p=0.020) santral dişlerde anlamlı düşüş belirlendi. ∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b* ve ∆E değerlerindeki değişim bakımından diş grupları arasında anlamlı fark gözlenmedi. Tüm dişlerin ortalama ∆E değerinin 1.89 ± 0.77 olduğu ve klinik olarak kabul edilebilir görünür renk değişiminin meydana geldiği saptandı. Sonuç: Sabit ortodontik tedavi sonrasında dişlerin renginin koyulaştığı ve mavi renk aralığına geçtiği görüldü